Change the following sentences from Direct Speech into Indirect Speech. A. ASSERTIVE SENTENCES (1)
1. Rahul said,
"I write letters."
2. The
teacher said, "The students are listening carefully."
3. My uncle said,
"I have completed the project."
4. Anita said,
"I have been waiting for two hours."
5. The
captain said, "We won the match yesterday."
6. The
doctor said, "The patient did not take the medicine."
7. Grandmother
said, "You were not sleeping."
8. The
scientist said, "The machine has not been working properly."
9. The
manager said, "We will start the meeting today."
10. My
neighbour said, "I would not have helped without your advice."
A. ASSERTIVE SENTENCES (2)
1. Rahul
said, "I write letters every week." (Will not change – habitual
action.)
2. Anita
said, "I visit my grandparents every Sunday." (Will not change –
regular routine.)
3. Mohan
said, "I play chess after dinner." (Will not change – habit.)
4. Riya
said, "I drink two glasses of milk every day." (Will not change –
daily habit.)
5. The
teacher said, "The Earth revolves around the Sun." (Will not change –
universal truth.)
6. The
scientist said, "Water boils at 100°C." (Will not change – scientific
fact.)
7. Grandfather
said, "Honesty is the best policy." (Will not change –
proverb/general truth.)
8. The
principal said, "The school opens at 8 a.m." (Will not change – fixed
timetable.)
9. The
guide said, "The museum closes at 6 p.m." (Will not change – fixed
schedule.)
10. The
doctor said, "Exercise keeps the body healthy." (Will not change –
general fact.)
These
will change (Simple Present, but not expressing a general truth or habit)
11. Rahul
said, "I like this book." (Will change – present feeling/opinion.)
12. Meena
said, "I know the answer." (Will change – present state of
knowledge.)
13. Amit
said, "I need your help." (Will change – present need.)
14. Seema
said, "I live in Pune." (Will change – present situation.)
15. Father
said, "I work in a bank." (Will change – present employment.)
16. She
said, "I want a new dress." (Will change – present desire.)
17. The
child said, "I feel hungry." (Will change – present feeling.)
18. Ravi
said, "I believe you." (Will change – present belief.)
19. The
customer said, "I prefer tea to coffee." (Will change – personal
preference.)
20. Neha
said, "I remember your birthday." (Will change – present mental
state.)
Key
Rule: Simple Present does NOT change when it expresses:
·
Habit or routine
·
Universal truth
·
Scientific fact
·
Proverb or general truth
·
Fixed timetable/schedule
Simple
Present DOES change when it expresses:
·
A present action, state, feeling, opinion,
preference, possession, need, or situation specific to the speaker.
B. IMPERATIVE SENTENCES (1)
1. Father
said to me, "Study regularly."
2. The
coach said to the players, "Run faster."
3. The
librarian said to the visitors, "Maintain silence."
4. Mother
said to Riya, "Close the window."
5. The
judge said to the police, "Arrest the culprit."
6. The
principal said to the students, "Do not waste your time."
7. The
guide said to the tourists, "Do not touch the paintings."
8. My
brother said to me, "Do not leave me alone."
9. The
nurse said to the patient, "Do not remove the bandage."
10. The
officer said to the soldiers, "Do not fire."
B. IMPERATIVE SENTENCES WITH
("LET") (2)
1.
Father said to me, "Let him enter the room." (Permission)
2.
The teacher said to the students, "Let Rohan answer the question." (Permission)
3.
Rahul said to his friends, "Let's play football." (Suggestion)
4.
The captain said to the players, "Let's practise for another hour." (Proposal)
5.
The prisoner said to the guard, "Let me meet my family." (:
Request)
6.
The child said to his mother, "Let me go to the park." (Request)
7.
The officer said to the soldiers, "Let no one leave the camp." (Order)
8.
The judge said to the police, "Let the accused be produced before the
court." (Command)
9.
The priest said, "Let there be peace in the world." (Prayer)
10.
The old woman said, "Let God bless every child." (Blessing /
Prayer)
C. YES/NO (VERBAL)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
1. Ramesh
said to me, "Do you play cricket?"
2. The
inspector said to the driver, "Did you see the accident today?"
3. Seema
said to her friend, "Are you feeling better now?"
4. The
professor said to the students, "Have you finished your assignments?"
5. The
tourist said to the guide, "Will the museum open tomorrow?"
6. The
mother said to her son, "Do you not like milk?"
7. The
officer said to the clerk, "Did you not send the letter?"
8. The
doctor said to the patient, "Are you not feeling well?"
9. The
journalist said to the actor, "Have you not signed the agreement?"
10. The
customer said to the shopkeeper, "Will you not replace this item?"
D. WH-INTERROGATIVE
SENTENCES
1. Mohan
said to me, "Where do you live?"
2. The
child said to his father, "Why did the train stop?"
3. The
teacher said to the monitor, "Who has broken the window?"
4. The
visitor said to know, "When will the programme begin?"
5. The
detective said to the witness, "How had the thief escaped?"
6. The
officer said to the guard, "When did you lock the gate?"
7. The
mother said to her daughter, "What are you eating now?"
8. The
manager said to the accountant, "Why have you not submitted the report
till today?"
9. The
coach said to the player, "Who will not participate in tomorrow’s match?"
10. The
lawyer said to the accused, "Why have you not informed the police yet?"
E. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES (1)
1. Rita
said, "What a beautiful
flower it is!"
2. The
tourists said, "How
wonderful this palace is!"
3. My
sister said, "What a pleasant
surprise!"
4. The
audience said, "How
brilliantly she sings!"
5. The
old man said, "What a glorious
victory!"
6. The
boy said, "How unfortunate I
am!"
7. The
woman said, "What a terrible
mistake!"
8. The
child said, "How sad this story
is!"
9. The
farmer said, "What dreadful
weather we have been facing!"
10. The
passengers said, "How
horrible the accident was!"
E. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES (2) (WITH INTERJECTIONS)
Common Interjections and
Their Senses
Wow! :- exclaimed with admiration / surprise
Oh! :- exclaimed with surprise / dismay (depends on context)
Ouch! :- exclaimed in pain
Ah! :- exclaimed with realization / satisfaction / relief (depends on context)
Hurrah! :- exclaimed with joy / triumph / celebration
Hurray! :- exclaimed with joy / triumph / celebration
Alas! :- exclaimed with sorrow / grief / regret
Bravo! :- applauded / praised
Good heavens! :- exclaimed with horror / shock / astonishment
My goodness! :- exclaimed with surprise / astonishment
Phew! :- exclaimed with relief
Yippee! :- exclaimed with delight / excitement
Aha! :- exclaimed with discovery / sudden understanding
Ugh! :- exclaimed with disgust
Oops! :- admitted the mistake / exclaimed with regret
Excellent! :- exclaimed with approval / appreciation
Yikes! :- exclaimed with fear / alarm
Shh! :- urged (someone) to keep silence / told (someone) to be quiet
Psst! :- called out softly to attract someone's attentionAhem! :- cleared his/her throat to attract attentionInterjection :- Indirect Speech
1.
Wow! :- exclaimed with admiration / surprise
2.
Oh! :- exclaimed with surprise / dismay (depends on context)
3.
Ouch! :- exclaimed in pain
4.
Ah! :- exclaimed with realization / satisfaction / relief (depends on
context)
5.
Hurrah! :- exclaimed with joy / triumph / celebration
6.
Hurray! :- exclaimed with joy / triumph / celebration
7.
Alas! :- exclaimed with sorrow / grief / regret
8.
Bravo! :- applauded / praised
9.
Good heavens! :- exclaimed with horror / shock / astonishment
10. My
goodness! :- exclaimed with surprise / astonishment
11. Phew! :-
exclaimed with relief
12. Yippee!
:- exclaimed with delight / excitement
13. Aha! :-
exclaimed with discovery / sudden understanding
14. Ugh! :-
exclaimed with disgust
15. Oops! :-
admitted the mistake / exclaimed with regret
16. Excellent!
:- exclaimed with approval / appreciation
17. Yikes! :-
exclaimed with fear / alarm
18. Shh! :-
urged (someone) to keep silence / told (someone) to be quiet
19. Psst! :-
called out softly to attract someone's attention
20.
Ahem! :- cleared his/her throat to attract
attention
1.
Wow! (Admiration / Surprise)
1.
Rahul said,
"Wow! This waterfall is magnificent."
2.
The teacher said,
"Wow! You have solved the puzzle correctly."
3.
Meera said,
"Wow! I never expected such a wonderful gift."
4.
The tourists said,
"Wow! What a breathtaking view!"
2.
Oh!
(A)
Dismay
1.
Riya said,
"Oh! I have forgotten my passport."
2.
Father said,
"Oh! We have missed the last train."
3.
Aman said,
"Oh! My wallet is missing."
(B)
Surprise
4.
Neha said,
"Oh! You are here already!"
5.
The children said,
"Oh! It is snowing!"
6.
Mother said,
"Oh! You cooked dinner yourself!"
(C)
Understanding
7.
Ravi said,
"Oh! Now I understand your idea."
8.
The student said,
"Oh! So this is how the machine works."
3.
Ouch! (Pain)
1.
The boy said,
"Ouch! My finger is bleeding."
2.
The player said,
"Ouch! I have twisted my ankle."
3.
Grandma said,
"Ouch! My back hurts badly."
4.
Ah!
(A)
Realization
1.
Anita said,
"Ah! Now I know the answer."
2.
The detective
said, "Ah! I have found the real culprit."
(B)
Satisfaction
3.
Grandfather said, "Ah!
This tea tastes wonderful."
4.
The traveller
said, "Ah! What a peaceful place!"
(C)
Relief
5.
Father said,
"Ah! The electricity has returned."
6.
The doctor said,
"Ah! The patient is out of danger."
5.
Hurrah! / Hurray!
(A)
Joy
1.
The children
shouted, "Hurrah! We have won the match."
2.
The team cried,
"Hurray! We are the champions!"
3.
Rohan said,
"Hurrah! Our holidays begin tomorrow."
(B)
Celebration
4.
Everyone shouted,
"Hurray! India has won the trophy!"
5.
The villagers
cried, "Hurrah! The bridge has finally opened."
6.
Alas!
(A)
Sorrow
1.
The old man said,
"Alas! My best friend is dead."
2.
She said,
"Alas! We have lost the match."
(B)
Regret
3.
Mohan said,
"Alas! I cannot help you now."
4.
The farmer said,
"Alas! The crops have been destroyed by the storm."
7.
Bravo! (Praise)
1.
The judge said,
"Bravo! Your performance was outstanding."
2.
The audience
shouted, "Bravo! What a brilliant speech!"
3.
The coach said,
"Bravo! You played wonderfully."
8.
Good heavens!
(A)
Shock
1.
Mother said,
"Good heavens! The kitchen is on fire!"
2.
The teacher said,
"Good heavens! Who broke the window?"
(B)
Horror
3.
The traveller
said, "Good heavens! The bridge has collapsed."
4.
The doctor said,
"Good heavens! The patient has stopped breathing."
9.
My goodness!
(A)
Surprise
1.
Father said,
"My goodness! You have grown so tall!"
2.
She said, "My
goodness! What a beautiful necklace!"
(B)
Astonishment
3.
The teacher said,
"My goodness! Everyone has passed."
4.
The visitor said,
"My goodness! This palace is enormous."
10.
Phew! (Relief)
1.
Ramesh said,
"Phew! I finally found my keys."
2.
The climber said,
"Phew! We reached the top safely."
3.
Mother said,
"Phew! The storm has passed."
11.
Yippee!
(A)
Delight
1.
The children
shouted, "Yippee! We are going to the zoo!"
2.
Tina said,
"Yippee! I stood first in the class!"
(B)
Excitement
3.
The fans shouted,
"Yippee! Our team has qualified for the final!"
4.
The little girl
cried, "Yippee! It's my birthday today!"
12.
Aha!
(A)
Discovery
1.
The detective
said, "Aha! I have found the missing necklace."
2.
The scientist
said, "Aha! This is the missing formula."
(B)
Sudden Understanding
3.
Rahul said,
"Aha! Now I understand the trick."
4.
The student said,
"Aha! I know how to solve this problem."
13.
Ugh! (Disgust)
1.
The child said,
"Ugh! This medicine tastes awful."
2.
She said,
"Ugh! The room smells terrible."
3.
The tourist said,
"Ugh! The water is dirty."
14.
Oops!
(A)
Mistake
1.
Ravi said,
"Oops! I pressed the wrong button."
2.
The girl said,
"Oops! I dropped the glass."
(B)
Regret
3.
Mohit said,
"Oops! I sent the message to the wrong person."
4.
Mother said,
"Oops! I forgot to lock the door."
15.
Excellent! (Approval)
1.
The teacher said,
"Excellent! Your handwriting has improved."
2.
The coach said,
"Excellent! That was a perfect shot."
3.
The manager said,
"Excellent! You completed the project on time."
16.
Yikes!
(A)
Fear
1.
The child said,
"Yikes! There is a snake in the garden."
2.
The tourist said,
"Yikes! That dog is chasing me."
(B)
Alarm
3.
Mother said, "Yikes!
The milk is boiling over!"
4.
The driver said,
"Yikes! The brakes are not working!"
17.
Shh! (Silence)
1.
The librarian
said, "Shh! Please keep quiet."
2.
Mother said,
"Shh! The baby is sleeping."
3.
The teacher said,
"Shh! Do not make any noise."
18.
Psst! (Attracting Attention)
1.
Rahul whispered,
"Psst! Come here for a moment."
2.
The boy said,
"Psst! Listen carefully."
3.
She whispered,
"Psst! Don't tell anyone."
19.
Ahem! (Clearing the Throat)
1.
The principal
said, "Ahem! May I have your attention, please?"
2.
The speaker said,
"Ahem! Let us begin the meeting."
3.
Grandfather said,
"Ahem! I have something important to say."
A
Mixed Practice Set
1.
She said,
"Wow! What a lovely garden!"
2.
He said, "Oh!
I forgot my homework."
3.
The child cried,
"Ouch! My knee is bleeding."
4.
The detective
said, "Aha! The mystery is solved."
5.
The players
shouted, "Hurrah! We have won the championship!"
6.
The old woman
said, "Alas! My house has been destroyed."
7.
The audience
shouted, "Bravo! What a performance!"
8.
The climber said,
"Phew! We escaped safely."
9.
The teacher said,
"Excellent! You deserve full marks."
10. The librarian said, "Shh! Others are
studying."
F. OPTATIVE SENTENCES
1. The
priest said to the child, "May God bless you!"
2. Grandfather
said to me, "May you succeed in life!"
3. The
teacher said to the students, "May you prosper always!"
4. The
audience said to the singer, "May you achieve great success!"
5. The
villagers said, "May peace prevail everywhere!"
6. The
king said to the traitor, "May you never find happiness!"
7. The
old woman said to the thief, "May you never prosper!"
8. The
hermit said, "May no one suffer from hunger!"
9. The
mother said, "May my son never fall into bad company!"
10. The
saint said, "May no child ever remain uneducated!"
G. GREETINGS, COURTESIES & SOCIAL
EXPRESSIONS
1. The students said to the teacher, "Good
morning, Sir." (Greeting)
2. Riya said to her aunt, "Good evening,
Aunt." (Greeting)
3. The guests said to the host, "Good
night." (Greeting)
4. The children said to their grandparents, "Happy
New Year!" (Greeting / Wish)
5. My friend said to me, "Congratulations on
your success!" (Congratulation)
6. The audience said to the singer, "Well
done!" (Praise / Appreciation)
7. The customer said to the shopkeeper, "Thank
you very much." (Gratitude / Thanks)
8. The shopkeeper said to the customer, "You
are welcome." (Response to Thanks / Courtesy)
9. The child said to his mother, "Sorry, I
broke the vase." (Apology)
10. The teacher said to the students, "Good
afternoon, everyone." (Greeting)
11. The principal said to the chief guest, "Welcome
to our school." (Welcome)
12. The girl said to her friend, "Excuse me
for stepping on your foot." (Courtesy / Apology)
13. The coach said to the player, "Best of
luck for the final match." (Good Wish)
14. The parents said to their son, "Happy
Birthday!" (Birthday Wish)
15. The neighbours said to the family, "Happy
Diwali!" (Festival Greeting)
16. The principal said to the winners, "Keep
it up!" (Encouragement / Appreciation)
17. The customer said to the waiter, "Please
accept my compliments. The food is excellent." (Compliment /
Appreciation)
18. The old lady said to the little child, "God
bless you, my child." (Blessing)
19. The teacher said to the students, "Have a
nice day." (Farewell Wish)
20. The neighbours said to the family, "Merry
Christmas!" (Festival Greeting)
21. The doctor said to the patient, "Get well
soon." (Wish for Recovery)
22. The receptionist said to the visitors, "Please
come again." (Courtesy / Invitation)
