CONTENTS
1. EXERCISE 21,22,23,24: SOME SPECIAL USAGES
2. EXERCISE 25: PREPOSITIONS
3. EXERCISE 26: PHRASAL VERBS
4. EXERCISE 27,28,29: PASSIVE VOICE
5. EXERCISE 30,31,32,33,34,35,36: REPORTED SPEECH
6. EXERCISE 37: PUNCTUATION
7. EXERCISE 38, 39,40: WORD FORMATION & USAGE
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A
FADED AND FALLEN FLOWER
Alas!
Blooming on the braids of the lush green woods
Unnoticed,
I fall down before spraying my aroma for goods!
Bereaved,
I’ve spent countless nights in the sorrowful seas…!
I
was never born to embellish a damsel’s tresses for her glees..!
Never
was I destined to adorn a honeymoon bed that Time agrees!
Alas!
Fall I down faded, like a wild Mogra, in the rear side of darkness….
Since
I am born ill-timed only to tumble down, shedding tears is useless!
Endless
sufferance has spoiled all my life’s sweetly cherished dreams!
I’m
a captivating flower blossomed in an unknown garden. Streams
Of
woes have drowned my love, my wishes and my own choices!
Alas!
Myriad Springs have filled my mind’s mute bloom with fragrance
The
bloomed youths of my nights, unsavoured, fall down at the days’ glance!
[5/16, 11:26 PM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରିକା ପତର 🌹
ବୈଶାଖୀ ଗୋ ତୁମ ଅଳସ ତନୁରେ
କୃଷ୍ଣଚୁଡାର ଓଢଣୀ
ତୁମ ଅଗଣାରେ ଧୂସର ମାଟିରେ
ହେନା ଫୁଲ ଦିଏ ବୁଣି 🌹
ସାଜି ପ୍ରଣୟିନୀ ବୈଶାଖୀଗୋ ତୁମେ
ପ୍ରିୟର ପାଇଁ ଆତୁର
ବକ୍ଷକୁ ବିଦାରି ଚାହଁଥାଅ ଖାଲି
ନୃତ୍ୟ ଆଗମନି ସୁର 🌹
ବସନ୍ତର ବାସ ଗଲାଣି ଦେହରୁ
ନିଧାଗର ଜ୍ୱାଳା ପାଇଁ
ଲାଜୁକୀ ଲତାର ଝାଉଁଳା ପତ୍ରରେ
ଜହ୍ନତ ଗଲାଣି ନଇଁ 🌹
ବନାନୀ ଦେଇଛି ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରିକା ପତର
ମଧୁ ମାଳତୀର ପାଇଁ
ଚିନି ଚମ୍ପାରୁ ଚମକ ଚେନାଏ
କେତେ ପ୍ରୀତି ରଙ୍ଗ ଦେଇ 🌹
ବୈଶାଖୀ ବାଆରେ ଅନୁଭବ କରେ
ସାଉଁଟି ବସନ୍ତ ସ୍ମୃତି
ହଜିଯାଏ ନିଦ ଝରି ପଡେ ଛନ୍ଦ
ଏଇ ଝିଲ୍ଲୀମିଲ୍ଲୀ ରାତି 🌹
ଝଲା ବାଦଲତ ଅଭିମାନେ ଖାଲି
ଅନୁରାଗ ଢାଳି ଦେଇ
ବୈଶାଖୀ ର ଶୋଷ ଖାଲି ଅବଶୋଷ
ଆଷାଢ଼କୁ ରହେ ଚାହିଁ 🌹
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି.
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ 🌹
[5/16, 11:28 PM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: *ପୁଣ୍ୟମାଟି ଉତ୍କଳ*
⚘⚘⚘⚘⚘⚘⚘⚘
କେଉଁ ପୁରାତନ କାଳରୁ ଆମ ଉତ୍କଳ ଭୂଇଁରେ କେତେ କେତେ ମହାନ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଜନ୍ମ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରିଛନ୍ତି ।
ଏଇ ଓଡିଶା ଭୂଇଁକୁ ପବିତ୍ର ଭୂମି ବୋଲି କୁହାଯାଏ ।
ଏହାର ଅତୀତ ଇତିହାସ ଗୌରବ ମୟ ଏବଂ ସ୍ମରଣୀୟ ।
କ୍ଷଣ ଭଙ୍ଗୁର ଏଇ ସଂସାରରେ ପୃଥ୍ୱୀ କ୍ଷଣ କ୍ଷଣକେ ଆନ- ଏଇ ସୂତ୍ରରେ ସବୁ କିଛି ପରିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ହୋଇ ଥାଏ ।
ମଣିଷର ଚିନ୍ତା ଓ ଚେତନା ଏବଂ ଭାବନା ଏଥିରୁ ବିଚ୍ୟୁତ ହେବ କିପରି ?
ମଣିଷ ପ୍ରତି ମୁହୂର୍ତ୍ତରେ ସୁଖ ଦୁଃଖ, ହସ କାନ୍ଦ, ବିଷାଦ, ଅବସାଦ ଏବଂ ଭାବନାର ବିଭିନ୍ନ ପ୍ରବାହ ଦେଇ ଗତିକରେ । ସେଇସବୁ ଭାବନା ଓ ଚିନ୍ତନର ସ୍ମୃତି ଆଲେଖ୍ୟ
କଲମ ମୁନରୁ ନିଃସଙ୍କୋଚରେ ଝରିଆସେ ।
ଜଗତର ନାଥ ଶ୍ରୀ ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ ଆମ ଏଇ ଓଡିଶା ମାଟିରେ ପୂଜା ପାଉଛନ୍ତି ।
ଯୁଗେ ଯୁଗେ ଏଇ ଓଡିଶା ମାଟିରେ କେତେ ମୁନିୠଷି ,ବୈଜ୍ଞାନିକ, ଲେଖକ, କବି, ଗୀତିକାର, ନାଟ୍ୟକାର, ସାମ୍ବାଦିକ, ରାଜନେତା ଓ ସମାଜର ଭିନ୍ନ ଭିନ୍ନ ଶ୍ରେଣୀର ଲୋକମାନେ
ଜନ୍ମ ଗ୍ରହଣ କରି ଏଇ ମାଟିର ମହିମାକୁ
ମହିମାମଣ୍ଡିତ କରିଛନ୍ତି ।
ସାରା ଜଗତରେ ନିଜ ପ୍ରତିଭାର ଆଲୋକ ବିଛୁରିତ କରିଛନ୍ତି ।
ଏ ଅଳୀକ ମଣିଷ ଜୀବନ ପାଣିଫୋଟକା ପରି କ୍ଷଣସ୍ଥାୟୀ । ଫୁଲ ପରି ଫୁଟେ ପୁଣି ମଉଳି ଯାଏ ।
ମାତ୍ର ଯେଉଁ ମାନେ ନିଜର ଆତ୍ମବଳ, ସାଧନା ଓ ସିଦ୍ଧି ଦ୍ଵାରା ଜଗତକୁ ନୂତନ ଆଲୋକର ପଥ ଦେଖାଇଥାଆନ୍ତି- ସେମାନେ ହେଉଛନ୍ତି ଯଥାର୍ଥରେ ଏ ସମାଜର ଜଣେ ଜଣେ ମହାନ୍ ବରପୁତ୍ର । ସୁବାସିତ ଫୁଲର ସୁଗନ୍ଧ ପରି କାଳ କାଳକୁ ସେମାନେ ମନେ ରହନ୍ତି ।
ଏ ମାନବ ସମାଜ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଭୁଲି ପାରେ ନାହିଁ ।
ଶେଷରେ ଏତିକି କହିବି,
ଆମ ଓଡିଶା ମାଟିରେ ଅନେକ କିମ୍ବଦନ୍ତୀ ପୁରୁଷ ଓ ନାରୀ ନିଜ ନିଜର ସାଧନା , ପ୍ରତିଭା ଓ ସିଦ୍ଧି ପାଇଁ ସମସ୍ତଙ୍କ ପାଖରେ ଅମର ହୋଇ ରହିଥାନ୍ତି ।
ଓଡିଶା ମାଟିର ଏଇ ଅସାଧାରଣ ପ୍ରତିଭାମାନଙ୍କୁ ମୋର ସଶ୍ରଦ୍ଧ ପ୍ରଣାମ ।।
*《》ରୀନାରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି*
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ
8763744264
🙏🙏
[5/16, 11:31 PM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: 🌹ଚନ୍ଦ୍ର ଲେଖା 🌹
କୁଆଁରୀ ଶେଫାଳୀ ସରସୀ ଲାଜରେ
ମୁକୁତାର ବିନ୍ଦୁ ପଡିଛି
ଆକାଶରୁ ଜହ୍ନ ଭିଜା ପଣତରେ
ଅମୀୟ ଜୋଛନା ଢାଳୁଛି l
ପ୍ରୀତି ସଉରଭ ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରଲେଖା ଆଜି
ଅନିନ୍ଦ୍ୟ ସୁନ୍ଦରୀ ଦିଶୁଛି
ମଧୁମାଳତୀ ର ଛନ୍ଦେ ଛନ୍ଦେ ସିଏ
ସରମୀ ଓଢଣା ଟାଣିଛି l
ସଞ୍ଜ ରଙ୍ଗଣୀର ସୁରଭି ଛୁଆଁରେ
ନିଶାରେ ସେ ହଜି ଯାଉଛି
କାମନା କଦମ୍ବ ଫୁଟାଇ ଦେହରେ
ମୁରୁକି ମୁରୁକି ହସୁଛି l
ପ୍ରୀତି ଆକାଶରେ ତାରା ଜରିହାର
ଗଭାରେ ଗଜରା ବାନ୍ଧିଚି
ମଧୁ ମୂର୍ଚ୍ଛନାରେ ଜୀବନ ବୀଣାରେ
ପୁରବୀ ଝଙ୍କାର ତୋଳିଛି l
ଆଞ୍ଜୁଳାଏ ଆଭା ପ୍ରୀତି ଆଲୋକରେ
ଦେହେ ମାଦକତା ଭରିଛି
ଭିଜା ଦର ଭିଜା ସ୍ମୃତିକୁ ନେଇ ସେ
ଆଖିରେ କାହାଣୀ ଆଙ୍କିଛି l
ସଜ ପାଖୁଡା ର ବାଡ଼ୁଅ ହସରେ
ମଧୁ ଗୀତି ସିଏ ଗାଉଛି
ଛଳ ଛଳ ଚପଳ ଛନ୍ଦ ଭରିଛି
ମନର କବିତା ଲେଖୁଛି l
ତା ପ୍ରିୟ ଆସିବ ମଧୁରେ ଭାସିବ
ମୋହି ନେବ ମନକୁ ତାର
ହସ ଲହରୀରେ ମୁକୁତାର ଫୁଲ
ତୋଳି ଦେବ ସେ ଉପହାର l
ସଜାଇଛି ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରଲେଖା ସୁନ୍ଦର କରି
ରଙ୍ଗଣୀ ଫୁଲର ବିଛଣା
ଲକ୍ଷେ ଦୀପାଳି ରେ ସ୍ୱାଗତ କରୁଛି
ସୁନ୍ଦର ଦିଶୁଛି ଅଗଣା l 🌹
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ l 8763744264
[5/17, 11:22 AM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: ଅଭିମାନୀ ରାଧା 🌹
ଅଳସୀ ଫୁଲର ଗାଁ ନଈ ଧାରେ ଅଭିମାନୀ ରାଧା ଏକା ଏକା
ଋଷି ବସିଛି
ରାଧାକୁ ଦେଖି କୃଷ୍ଣଚୁଡା ଦେହରେ ଲାଲ ଅବିର ମାଖି ଖିଲି ଖିଲି ହୋଇ ହସୁଛି. 🌹
ଝାଉଁବଣ ଧାରେ ଧାରେ ଲୁଚକାଳି ଖେଳୁଥିଲା ବାଦଲ
ଗୀତି ବିଥିକାର ତାଳେ ତାଳେ କୋଇଲିର ସୁମଧୁର ସୁର ପରିବେଶକୁ ସୁନ୍ଦରରେ ଦ୍ୟୁଗୁଣିତ କରୁଥିଲା 🌹
ଦୂରରୁ ହେନାର ବାସ୍ନା ଛୁଟୁଥିଲା ମୋ ଅଭିମାନୀ ରାଧା ପାଇଁ
ଯେତେସବୁ ପ୍ରକୃତିର ଶୋଭା ଭରପୁର ଥିଲା ତା ଚାରି ପାଖରେ🌹
ସିଏତ ମଧୁ ମାଳତୀ ଲତିକା ଟିଏ ଅଳସୀ ଫୁଲର ଗାଁ ନଈର ପ୍ରୀତି ଗୀତିକା ଟିଏ
ରେଣୁ ରେଣୁ ଆକାଶରୁ ରୂପେଲି ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରମା ରାଧାର ଦେହକୁ ଜୋଛନାରେ ଭିଜାଉ ଥିଲା 🌹
ଛନ୍ଦେ ଛନ୍ଦେ ହସର ଗଜଲ ଗାଇ
ପ୍ରକୃତି ରାଣୀ ଅତି ମନୋରମରେ ଭରିଥିଲା
ତଥାପି ଯେତେ ସବୁ ସୁନ୍ଦର ସୁନ୍ଦର ମନୋରମ ଦୃଶ୍ୟ ତା ଚାରି ପାଖରେ ଥିଲା. 🌹
ଚାଲି ରାଧାର ନହୁଲି ନହକା ଓଠରେ ତାର ଗୋଲାପ ଅତର ବୋଳା ସୁନ୍ଦର ପାଖୁଡା
ସ୍ମୃତି ତାର ପ୍ରୀତି ରସ ଧାରା 🌹
ଆଜି ମନକୁ ମାରି ବସିଛି ସେ ଅଭିମାନୀ ରାଧା
କାବ୍ୟ ନାୟିକା ସାଜିଛି ନିରବ ଦ୍ରଷ୍ଟା
ଅବୁଝା ସେ କାହା କଥା ବୁଝୁନି
କେତେ ଦିନ ଏମିତି ବସିଥିବ
କାହାର ପଥ ଚାହଁ
ସେ କଥା କାହାକୁ
ଜଣାନାହିଁ 🌹
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ
8763744264.
[5/17, 11:23 AM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: 🌹ମିଠା ମିଠା ମହକ 🌹
କାହା ପାଇଁ ଆଜି ଖିଆଲି ମନ ମୋ
ଆନ ମନା ଏତେ ହେଉଛି
ଜହ୍ନ ର ଜୁଆରେ ମେଘର ମାୟାରେ
ହଜି ମଜି ମୁଯେ ଯାଉଛି l 🌹
କିଏସେ ଆସିବ ମୋ ଦରଜା ଡେଇଁ
ଶୁଭର ଦୀପାଳି ଜାଳିଛି
ତା ପାଇଁ ଆଜି ଦେହରେ ମହକ ଭରି
ଗଭାରେ ଗଜରା ବାନ୍ଧିଚି 🌹
ଆଜି କାଇଁ ପାଦ ମୋର ବାର ବାର
କାହା ଲାଗି ଏତେ ଝୁଣ୍ଟୁଛି
ଅଳସୀ ଆଖିରେ ସ୍ୱପ୍ନ ପାରିଜାତ
କାହା ଲାଗି ଭରି ଯାଉଛି 🌹
କାହା ପାଇଁ ଆଜି ଭାବନା ଢେଉରେ
ଜହ୍ନ ଋଷି ଋଷି ଯାଉଛି
ମଧୁର ଲଗନେ ବିଭୋର ବେଳାରେ
ବିଜୁଳି ତରଙ୍ଗ ଖେଳୁଛି 🌹
କାହା ପଥ ଚାହିଁ ବୟସର କୃଷ୍ଣଚୁଡା
ସପନ ଶେଯରେ ଶୋଇଛି
ଇନ୍ଦ୍ରଧନୁ ରଙ୍ଗ ଓଢଣୀ ପକାଇ
ମଉନା ବତୀ ମୁଁ ସାଜିଛି 🌹
କେଉଁ ଅଜଣା ଫୁଲ ମିଠା ମହକେ
ମନ ମୋର ଭିଜି ଯାଉଛି
ଜହ୍ନତ ଲାଜରେ ବଉଦ କୋଳରେ
ଲୁଚି ଲୁଚିକା ସେ ହସୁଛି 🌹
ତା ବିନା ଏ ମନ ହୃଦୟ ଜୀବନ
ବିରହ ରେ ଝରି ଯାଉଛି
ତାକୁ ଚାହିଁ ଚାହିଁ ଦୀପକୁ ଜଳାଇ
ରାତି ମୋର ପାହି ଯାଉଛି 🌹
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ
8763744264
[5/17, 11:23 AM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: 🔆ତପସ୍ୟା 🔆
ଜନମ ଜନମ ପାଇଁ ମୁଁ ତମ ସାଥୀଟିଏ ହୋଇ ରହିଥିବି ସତେ ତୁମରି ସ୍ମୃତି ଭିତରେ.
ପିଲାଦିନେ ତମେ ରେଶମୀ ରୁମାଲରେ ପୋଛି ଦେଉଥିଲ ମୋ ଆଖି ଲୁହକୁ
ରୂପେଲି ଅଳସୀ ଜହ୍ନ ଜୋଛନାରେ ସେଇ ଆମ୍ବ ତୋଟା ସରସୀରେ ନୀଳ କଇଁ ଫୁଲ, ଅଳସୀ ନଈ ଧାରେ ତମେ କେତେ ସ୍ନେହ ସମ୍ପର୍କ ଡୋରୀରେ ମୋତେ ବାନ୍ଧି ରଖିଥିଲ.
ମଧୁ ମାଳତୀର ନେମପ୍ଲେଟରେ ମୋ ନାଁ ଲେଖୁଥିଲ ବାର ବାର
ସାଜିଥିଲି କେବେ ତମ ପାଇଁ ପ୍ରୀତି ଛନ୍ଦା, ଅଳକାନନ୍ଦା
ତୁମ ମଧୁର ସ୍ପନ୍ଦନରେ ଆଉ କେବେ ମଉଳା ମେଘରେ ଝରା କଦମ୍ବ ପାଖୁଡାରେ.
ପ୍ରତି ମୁହୂର୍ତରେ ଢେଉ ଆସି ଛୁଇଁ ଯାଏ ସାଗର ବେଳାକୁ
ବାଲି ଘର ଗଢି ତୋଳେ ପୁଣି ଢେଉ ଆସି ଚୁରମାର କରିଦିଏ ଜୀଵନର ଗଢ଼ା ହୋଇଥିବା ସୁକ୍ଷ୍ମ ତାଜମହଲକୁ.
ସମୟର ଚକା ଭଉଁରୀ ଖେଳରେ
ସବୁ ଯେମିତି ଓଲଟ ପାଲଟ ହୋଇଯାଏ ଏଠି. ଦୁଃଖ ସବୁ ଝୁଲେ ସମୟର ଝାଲେରିରେ, ଜୀବନ ଯମୁନା ତୀରେ.
ଥକି ଗଲେ ଦୁଇ ଆଖିରୁ ଅଜସ୍ର ଶ୍ରାବଣର ବାରିଧାରା ବହେ, ଯନ୍ତ୍ରଣାରେ ଛଟ ପଟ ହୁଏ
ଶାନ୍ତି ମୁକ୍ତି ପାଇଁ କରିବାକୁ ପଡେ ମୋତେ ଏଠି ଘୋର ତପସ୍ୟା 🔆
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି.
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ.
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର.
କଟକ.
8763744264.
[5/17, 11:24 AM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟା ଗୋ ତୁମେ.
ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟା ଗୋ ତୁମେ ଗୋଧୂଳି ଆକାଶେ
ରକ୍ତ ଗୋଲାପର ଛାଇ
ଅସ୍ତଗାମୀ ଏ ବିଦାୟୀ ମନରେ
ବିଷାଦ ଯାଇଛି ଦେଇ.
ବେଦନା ଭରା ଏ ଜୀବନେ ମୋର
ଲୁହ କୋହ ସାଥେ ନେଇ
ରଙ୍ଗ ଭରା ଫିକା ମନରେ ମୋହର
ଜଳୁଛି ପ୍ରୀତିର ଜୁଇ
ବିଜନେ ଝୁରୁଛି ମଉଳା ମନଟି
ତମ ପଥ ଚାହିଁ ଚାହଁ.
ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟା ଗୋ........................
ତୁମ ସେ ଆକାଶୁ ତାରା ଫୁଲ ତୋଳି
ରଖିଥିଲି ସ୍ନେହ ଦେଇ
ଏବେବି ରହିଛି ସତେଜ ସେମିତି
ସଜ ଫୁଲ ଟିଏ ହୋଇ
ମନ ଫରୁଆରେ ରଖିଛି ସାଇତି
କେବେ ହଜିବାର ନାହିଁ.
ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟା ଗୋ.........................
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାସନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ.
8763744264
[5/17, 11:24 AM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: ଅନୁରାଗ ଭରା ପ୍ରୀତି
ସାଗର ତୁମେ ଆଉ ଡାକନାହିଁ ମୋତେ
ଅନୁରାଗ ଭରା ମଧୁଝରା ରୂପା ଝରା
ନିତଳ ଜହ୍ନ ରାତିରେ. 🌹
ତୁମ ପ୍ରେମେ ହସେ ନୀତି ପ୍ରୀତିରେ ହଜେ ମନ ଆନମନା ହୁଏ ଅଧିରେ
ହେଲେ ଯାଇପାରିବିନି ତୁମ ପାଶେ
ଏଇ ଜନମ ରେ. 🌹
ମୁଁ ଏକ ଚୋରାବାଲି ତଳେ ଦିଗହରା ନଈ
ଲୁହ ଭିଜା ଆଖିରେ ଲେଖେମୁଁ
ତୁମ ପାଇଁ କାହାଣୀ ଦୂରରୁ ସାଉଁଟେ
ବେଳା ଭୂମିରୁ ତୁମରି ସ୍ମୃତି. 🌹
ଅନେକ ଦୂରରେ ରହିଛି କେଜାଣି
କେତେ ଦୂରେ ବେଦନାର ଏକ ଅସରନ୍ତି ପଥେ. 🌹
ଆମ ମିଳନ ସୁନେଲି ସପନ କେବେ ସତ ହେବନି
ମୁଁ ଏକ ଘାସ ଫୁଲ ତୁମେ ସରଗର ପାରିଜାତ ଆମ ପ୍ରୀତିର କାହାଣୀ ଖାଲି ହୃଦୟରେ ଲେଖା. 🌹
କେତେ ଆଉ ଜଳିବ ସତେ ପୀରତି ଅନଳ ଝାସରେ. 🌹
ହୃଦୟରେ ଦୀପ ଜାଳି ବସିଥିବି ତମକୁ ପାଇବା ଆଶାରେ
ଯୁଗ ଯୁଗ ଧରି 🌹
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ.
8763744264
[5/17, 11:25 AM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରିକା ପତର 🌹
ବୈଶାଖୀ ଗୋ ତୁମ ଅଳସ ତନୁରେ
କୃଷ୍ଣଚୁଡାର ଓଢଣୀ
ତୁମ ଅଗଣାରେ ଧୂସର ମାଟିରେ
ହେନା ଫୁଲ ଦିଏ ବୁଣି 🌹
ସାଜି ପ୍ରଣୟିନୀ ବୈଶାଖୀଗୋ ତୁମେ
ପ୍ରିୟର ପାଇଁ ଆତୁର
ବକ୍ଷକୁ ବିଦାରି ଚାହଁଥାଅ ଖାଲି
ନୃତ୍ୟ ଆଗମନି ସୁର 🌹
ବସନ୍ତର ବାସ ଗଲାଣି ଦେହରୁ
ନିଧାଗର ଜ୍ୱାଳା ପାଇଁ
ଲାଜୁକୀ ଲତାର ଝାଉଁଳା ପତ୍ରରେ
ଜହ୍ନତ ଗଲାଣି ନଇଁ 🌹
ବନାନୀ ଦେଇଛି ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରିକା ପତର
ମଧୁ ମାଳତୀର ପାଇଁ
ଚିନି ଚମ୍ପାରୁ ଚମକ ଚେନାଏ
କେତେ ପ୍ରୀତି ରଙ୍ଗ ଦେଇ 🌹
ବୈଶାଖୀ ବାଆରେ ଅନୁଭବ କରେ
ସାଉଁଟି ବସନ୍ତ ସ୍ମୃତି
ହଜିଯାଏ ନିଦ ଝରି ପଡେ ଛନ୍ଦ
ଏଇ ଝିଲ୍ଲୀମିଲ୍ଲୀ ରାତି 🌹
ଝଲା ବାଦଲତ ଅଭିମାନେ ଖାଲି
ଅନୁରାଗ ଢାଳି ଦେଇ
ବୈଶାଖୀ ର ଶୋଷ ଖାଲି ଅବଶୋଷ
ଆଷାଢ଼କୁ ରହେ ଚାହିଁ 🌹
[5/18, 1:17 PM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: 🌹ଫଗୁଣ ଦେଇଛି ଚିଠି 🌹
ଫଗୁଣ ଲେଖିଛି ବସନ୍ତକୁ ଚିଠି
କେତେ ମିଠା ରାଣ ଦେଇ
ଫୁଲ ପାଖୁଡାରେ ମଧୁ ଭାଷା ଭରି
ହେନା ଅତରରେ ଭିଜେଇ. 🌹
ସରାଗେ ଆସିବ ଆମ୍ବ କୁଞ୍ଜ ବନେ
ମଧୁ ମଳୟକୁ ନେଇ
ଗଭାରେ ସଜାଇ ଚିନି ଚମ୍ପା ହାର
ପ୍ରୀତିରେ ଦେବ ଭିଜେଇ 🌹
ତନୁରେ ତନୁରେ ମଧୁମାଳତୀର
ଛନ୍ଦ ଭରା ହସ ନେଇ
ପଳାସ କୁସୁମେ ସଜବାଜ ହୋଇ
ଭରା ଶିହରଣ ଦେଇ 🌹
ମଲ୍ଲୀ ଗଜରାରେ ବସନ୍ତର ପ୍ରୀତି
ଦିଶେ କେତେ ମନଲୋଭା
ନବ କିସଳୟେ ସବୁଜ ଶାଢୀରେ
ଏ ଧରା ଦିଶଇ ଶୋଭା 🌹
ମଧୁ ସପନର ସହରରେ ଶୁଭେ
ସୁମଧୁର ଗୀତ ସୁର
ଚନ୍ଦ୍ରମଲ୍ଲୀ ଓଠେ ନଅରକୁ ତୋଳି
ବୁଣି ଜୋଛନା ଜୁଆର.🌹
ରୂପ ଫଗୁଣର ମଧୁ ଲଗନ ରେ
ସୁଧା ସୁଷମାକୁ ବୁଣି
ରାଣ ଦେଇ କହେ ଫଗୁଣକୁ ଆଜି
ଆସିବତ ଋତୁ ରାଣୀ 🌹
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ 🌹🌹🙏🏻🙏🏻
[5/18, 1:17 PM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: ଚିତ୍ରଲେଖା ଗାଁ ରେ ସକାଳ 🌹
ସୁନା ସକାଳର ତନୁରେ ତନୁରେ
ନାଲି ମୁରୁଜର ଦାଗ
ଗଙ୍ଗ ଶିଉଳିର ସ୍ନିଗ୍ଧ ମହକରେ
ଚୁନା ଚୁନା ଅନୁରାଗ 🌹
ପ୍ରାଚୀ ଗଗନରୁ ସୁରୁଜ ଉଇଁଲେ
ମନରେ ପୁଲକ ଭରେ
ଶୁଭ ସକାଳରେ ଆଶିଷ ଝରେ
ରାଗିଣୀର ମୂର୍ଚ୍ଛନାରେ 🌹
ସୁନା ଶୋରିଶିଆ ଢେଉରେ ଢେଉରେ
ତୁମରି କାହାଣୀ ଲେଖା
ପ୍ରଥମ ସୁରୁଜ ମୁରୁକି ହସିଲେ
ତୁମ ମୁହଁ ଯାଏ ଦେଖା 🌹
ରୂପରେ ଭରିଛି ପଦ୍ମର ସୁରଭି
କୁଆଁରୀ ସୂରୁଜ ନିଶା
ନିଶା ନୁହେଁ ସେତ ପହିଲି ସକାଳ
ମିଠା ମିଠା ପ୍ରୀତି ଭାଷା 🌹
ତୁମେତ ଦୁର୍ଲଭ ସ୍ୱର୍ଣ୍ଣାଭ ନାରଙ୍ଗ
ପ୍ରାଚୀ ତଟିନୀର ତୀରେ
ପ୍ରୀତି କମଳିନୀ ଚିତ୍ରଲେଖା ଗୋ
ତମ ଓଠରୁ ମଧୁ ଝରେ 🌹
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ 🌹
[5/18, 1:21 PM] Odia Poet Rinarani Mohanty: ପ୍ରୀତିର ରଜନୀଗନ୍ଧା
ଗଭାରେ ତମର ଗଜରା ନାଇଲେ
ମୋ ଦେହରେ ଫୁଲ ଫୁଟେ
ଦେହରେ ତମର ଅତର ବୋଳିଲେ
ପ୍ରୀତିର ମହକ ଛୁଟେ.
ତୁମେ ମୋ ମନର ସ୍ୱପ୍ନ ନାୟୀକା
ପ୍ରୀତିର ରଜନୀଗନ୍ଧା
ଜୀଵନ ସନ୍ଧ୍ୟାରେ ନୀତି ଆସ ତୁମେ
ତୁମେ ମୋ ଅଳକା ନନ୍ଦା.
ଅଙ୍ଗେ ଅଙ୍ଗେ ତୁମ କୋଟି ସୁଷମାର ପ୍ରୀତି ର ମଧୁ ଜୋଛନା
ନୟନେ ମାଖିଛ ବନ ହରିଣୀର
ଚଞ୍ଚଳ ମାୟାର ନୀଳିମା.
ପାଦରେ ନୂପୁର ରୁଣୁ ଝୁଣୁ ବାଜେ
ଝରଣାର ଗୀତ ଗାଏ
ହୀରା ଫୁଲ ହୋଇ ଫୁଟିଗଲେ ତୁମେ
ସବୁ ରାତି ମଧୁ ହୁଏ.
ରାତିରେ ରଚ ତୁମେ ରଜନୀ ଗନ୍ଧା
ଦେହକୁ ଭିଜାଅ ମୋର
ଅନାଇ ରହିଛି ତମକୁ ଯେ ପ୍ରିୟା
ଆସଗୋ ସପନେ ମୋର.
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ.
8763744264
ରୀନା ରାଣୀ ମହାନ୍ତି.
ଭିଜିଲାନ୍ସ କଲୋନୀ
କଲ୍ୟାଣୀ ନଗର
କଟକ 🌹
आप का मुस्कुराना ग़ज़ब ढा गया
इक तो महफ़िल तुम्हारी हसीं कम न थी
उस पे मेरा तराना ग़ज़ब ढा गया
हाल क्या है दिलों का ...
अब तो लहराया मस्ती भरी छाँव में
बाँधो लो चाहे घुँघरू मेरे पाँव में
मैं बहकता नहीं था मगर क्या करूँ
आज मौसम सुहाना ग़ज़ब ढा गया
हाल क्या है दिलों का ...
हर नज़र उठ रही है तुम्हारी तरफ़
और तुम्हारी नज़र है हमारी तरफ़
आँख उठाना तुम्हारा तो फिर ठीक था
आँख उठाकर, झुकाना ग़ज़ब ढा गया
हाल क्या है दिलों का ...
मस्त आँखों का जादू जो शामिल हुआ
मेरा गाना भी सुनने के क़ाबिल हुआ
जिसको देखो वही आज बेहोस है
आज तो मैं दीवाना ग़ज़ब ढा गया
हाल क्या है दिलों का ...
Written by Majrooh Sultanpuri
O MY LOVE! THUS I AM IMMENSELY GRATEFUL TO THEE.
O my Love! Such a soothing smile of thine
Has captured the captivated heart of mine
So appealingly and maddeningly that words waver
To eulogise thee and thy grace – a perennial river!
O my Love! The arresting aura of thy phenomenal personality
Casts a lasting spell on me and to tie my musical anklets spurs me
And intoxicates me thy mehfil and ferries me to a realm to dream
And kindles me to dance to my heart’s content till eternity…..!
O my Love! Thy halo drags all the gaping glances towards thee,
While thy mesmerizing eyes beckon me to dip in a deep sea of glee!
The hypnotizing magic of thy eyes just leave the audience frenzied
And contributes to make my music more melodious and more lucid!
O my Love! Thus I am immensely grateful to thee.
O my Love! Thus I am immeasurably indebted to thee.
Copyright: Dr. Shankar D Mishra, sr. Lecture in English, Bhubaneswar,
Odisha, India
11.05.2023
N. B. The
above poem is inspired by a lyric “Hal Kya Hai Dilon Ka…” of a Hindi movie Anokhi
Ada written by Majrooh Sultanpuri.
Page 105
Those students, who do honest labour, always achieve success.
Those teachers, who love their students, are ideal teachers.
One, who is wise/learned, loves all.
One, who always starts gossiping, talks nonsense.
One, who has no eyes, is blind, but one, who has no knowledge, is a beast.
One, who is unfortunate, can never be happy.
Those, who have no power of speech, should not try to be the leaders.
Those English merchants, who came to this country to carry on trades, could not be the rulers of this country.
Page 107
Kailash is a boy whom no one believes.
My father is a teacher whom everyone respects.
Those teachers, whom the students respect, are surely good teachers.
They are such people from whom nothing good can be expected.
He whose intention is to rob others can never be an honest man.
Rabindranath is a great poet than whom more learned a man has not been born in India.
Page 108
The fountain pens which are cheap/less costly do not last long.
The food, that gives us life, should not be wasted. / One should not waste the food that gives us life.
The tree that bears no fruit is useless.
The swords that the Odia Paiks /soldiers used to fight with were long enough.
Of the five watches which I have, you can take one. / You can take one of the five watches which I have.
There was a hole in the wall, through which a snake could enter the house.
The constable had a rope with which he bound the hands and legs of the thief.
Page 109
That which is beautiful in the eyes of the poet is beautiful in the view of the world.
That which can fetch one pleasure, can also give pain to another.
That which is good for me is also good for you and all.
That which is useful to you is harmful to me.
That which gives joy to all the eyes is called beauty.
I hate that which you love.
Page 110/111
Teachers do not love those students who do not work hard. / Those students who do not work hard are not loved by teachers.
One should not eat the food that is stale. / The food that is stale should not be eaten.
God punishes the man who gets pleasure in killing other. / The man who gets pleasure in killing other is punished by God.
We should not trust one who is not faithful. / One who is not faithful should not be trusted.
Don’t tell those words which hurt others. / You should not tell those words which hurt others. / The words which hurt others should not be told.
God blesses him who is ever content. / He who is ever content is blessed by God.
Page 111/112
Those who are powerful should help the weak.
But, the powerful people, who give pain to the weak/cause suffering for the weak, are the enemies of the society.
The society where such people live is like a hell. / That society is like a hell where such people live.
Hell is a place where the sinners live, while society is a place where the sinful/vicious as well as the virtuous live together.
Honest people do such work that other people can live in peace and happiness.
However, the quarrelsome do such work that no one gets any benefit.
Those noble men who do good to the society are like the pillars of the society.
We will respect them properly.
Page 113/114
The book you are going through is written by Radhanath.
The news I heard is not true.
The boy you taught is my younger brother.
The play you staged/performed in the village is a new one (play).
The essay you have written has been too lengthy.
The water we drink should be pure.
The fever he was suffering from is typhoid.
The pen you are writing with is mine.
The school you are studying in is a good one (school).
Page 115
The boy playing in the field is Subash, my friend.
The work started yesterday has not been completed.
The essay written by you is very nice.
The story told by the teacher was so educative.
The sarees woven in Brahmapur are attractive/beautiful.
The books written with hands do not last long.
The sweets prepared at home are not harmful.
Page 118
Whosoever labours succeeds.
Tell me whatever you have to tell.
Whatever I have is yours.
You may go wherever you like, but you will come and meet me when it is evening.
Work out this sum in whichever way you wish.
Whosoever serves the people becomes popular.
Take whichever book you want to take.
Whatever the honest cherish in mind becomes fruitful.
Page 120
He is unable even to get up from the bed, let alone do any work. / What to speak of doing any work,
he cannot even get up from the bed.
The goal-keeper could not even trace the ball, let alone stop it. The goal-keeper was unable even to see the ball, far to speak of stopping it.
It was so dark that one could not even walk, let alone ride on a cycle. / It was so dark that one was unable even to walk, far to speak of riding on a cycle.
What to speak of protecting others, he was unable to even protect himself. / He could not even protect himself let alone protect others.
The boy could not even secure a pass mark, let alone keep a position. / The boy could not even secure a pass mark, far to speak keeping a position.
Page 121
To get up in the morning is a habit of mine.
That was a good proposal of yours.
Sita is a daughter of my uncle’s.
A portrait of father’s is hanging on the wall.
The name of a sister of Ram’s is Kamla.
Page 122
It took him six hours to climb the mountain.
The teacher will take a few minutes to explain the sum.
Mother takes an hour to cook.
It takes me two hours to prepare my school studies/tasks.
It takes the aeroplane almost twelve hours to fly across the Atlantic Ocean.
Page 124
I would rather you didn’t tell me lies. / I would rather you hadn’t told me lies.
He would rather you didn’t go home. /He would rather you hadn’t gone home.
I would rather you finished the work tomorrow. / I would rather you had finished the work the next day.
He would rather you went to school regularly. / He would rather you had gone to school regularly.
Father would rather you didn’t buy the motor cycle. / Father would rather you hadn’t bought the motor cycle.
I would rather either Gopal or Hari did this work. / I would rather either Gopal or Hari had done this work.
I would rather you didn’t go to Kolkata tomorrow. / I would rather you hadn’t gone to Kolkata the next day.
Page 125
Ghosts are supposed to be living in the deserted/abandoned temples.
In the past the earth was supposed to be flat.
Gods are supposed to live in heaven.
The soul is supposed to be immortal.
Page 131
The school remained closed on account of rain and storm.
The children will be rewarded in proportion to their work.
The old man had made a will on the eve of his death.
Students can study here Hindi in lieu of Sanskrit.
I could not attend the meeting yesterday owing to my illness.
In respect of his character, the less said the better.
I had thanked the President on behalf our Students’ Union.
If you work in accordance with my advice, you will live happily.
On the ground of old age and broken health, he should be given nutritious food and complete rest.
Page 51/52
In the past the culprits were being punished severely. / In the past the culprits were being given severe punishments.
The field of our school was being cleaned well every day
The soldiers were being supplied with eggs and milk regularly. / Eggs and milk were being regularly supplied to the soldiers.
Rice was being imported from Burma to Bengal every year.
Were the gold coins being used in our country in the past? / Were the coins of gold in use in our country in the past?
Were the girls being given higher education in your time/days?
Was wealth being earned by foul/dishonest/unfair means in the past?
The patients were not being given good medicines in the hospitals a few years ago.
The culprits were never being excused/forgiven/pardoned during the rule /reign/regime of Allauddin.
Page 54
Once I went to Bhubaneswar thirty years ago.
A bridge was being constructed/built across the Kathajodi at that time.
The work was being carried out/executed by the big contractors.
The construction of the pillars got/was completed during summer.
Other building materials were being collected before the rainy season.
Each work was being examined by the engineers of Odisha.
Half the work was completed the same year, and the other half of the work started/commenced again after the rainy season.
Page 56
The house will be constructed in the month of Baisakh.
A bridge will be built across the river Rushikulya during the 7th Five year plan. /There will be a bridge built across the river Rushikulya during the 7th Five year plan.
The house will be decorated with lights on the marriage/wedding day.
The paddy will be reaped and harvested during winter.
The prize-giving ceremony will be held in our school next month/in the coming month.
Will there be a meeting in the field tomorrow?
Will the ministers be invited to the meeting?
Will the watch be repaired again?
Will the play be staged again?/ Will the drama be played again?
Will the children be examined/tested again?
The well will not be dug in the rainy season.
The school will not be closed/ will not remain closed next Thursday.
The fees will not be collected at the end of the month.
The servants will not be granted leave at the end of this month.
Henceforward, he patients will not be supplied with medicines free of cost.
Page 57
Dr. Sitanath will be elected the President of our village committee this year.
A clerk will be appointed to assist him.
All the funds of the committee will be deposited in a bank.
A club house and a library will be built during the coming three years for the use of the village.
The club house will be pretty big and spacious.
The minister will be requested to grant some money for the library.
Our institution will be popular within a few days.
Page 59/60
The children of our class elected Hari their leader.
The parents named the child Gourang.
The people of India elected Moraji Desai the Prime Minister.
He has been made the secretary of the school committee.
The people of Ayodhya wished to make Ramachandra the King.
Gandhiji is called the Father of the Nation.
I was made the monitor of our class.
Page 61
I know him to be poor.
He appears to be honest.
The old man appears to be ill.
I call them fools.
The boy has made his parents unhappy/sad.
The teacher made the students silent.
Disease/Illness has made him too weak.
The hunters saw the lion dead.
The boy struck the snake dead.
I consider him to be wise/intelligent. / I regard him as wise/intelligent.
Page 62/63
There are 147 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Odisha.
Out of that the Congress occupied 57 seats and the Ganatantra Parisad secured 53 seats in the general election of 1956.
Dr. Mahatab was elected the leader of the Congress Party, and he was made the Chief Minister.
Pandit Nilakanth was elected the Speaker of the House.
The ministers and the members of the Legislative Assembly are called Honourable.
The members speak nothing without the permission of the Speaker.
The Speaker alone lets the members and the Ministers speak.
He maintains the discipline of the House, and does not let the members make noises.
Having seen him coming, the members stand up.
Having heard him speaking something, all keep quiet.
Having known him announcing anything, the members listen (to him) with attention.
Therefore, the Speaker is most powerful in the Legislative Assembly.
Page 65
To slaughter the cows is a cruelty. / Slaughtering the cows is a cruelty. / It is a cruelty to slaughter the cows.
To assist/help the black marketeers is an offence. / Assisting / Helping the black marketeers is an offence. / It is an offence to assist/help the black marketeers.
To neglect one’s parents is inhuman. / Neglecting one’s parents is inhuman. / It is inhuman to neglect one’s parents.
To disbelieve God is a sin. / Disbelieving God is a sin. / It is a sin to disbelieve God.
To steal other’s things is an evil deed. / Stealing other’s things is an evil deed. / It is an evil deed to steal other’s things.
To enjoy oneself everything is selfishness. / Enjoying oneself everything is selfishness. / It is selfishness to enjoy oneself everything.
To run a business all alone is foolishness. / Running a business all alone is foolishness. / It is foolishness to run a business all alone.
To swim in the river is dangerous. / Swimming in the river is dangerous. / It is dangerous to swim in the river.
Page 67
Father has gone fishing. Will you go hunting?
He has gone to ride the horse.
Do you want to post the letter in this post office?
I don’t want to beat anyone.
Children like to travel by train.
I don’t want to shout here.
Page 67/68
Don’t gossip, keep working.
What answers will I reply if you keep questioning/asking questions like this?
The people in the jungle regions keep the fire burning around the corn fields.
Don’t stand, keep running.
He kept singing for an hour.
Page 68
In spite of /Despite having wealth, he is unhappy.
In spite of /Despite knowing that you are his teacher, he insulted you.
In spite of /Despite having fought bravely, Prithviraj was defeated.
In spite of /Despite being old, he is active enough.
In spite of /Despite having lived in the jungle, he has never seen a tiger.
In spite of /Despite having taken costly medicines, he could not be cured.
Page 70
We should not make the children cry.
The master makes his dog sleep on the floor.
The teacher made us work out the sum time and again.
The music teacher made the girl dance again.
Father made us do the work again.
The game teacher made us play the game again.
Madhubabu made the carpenters build the house again.
Page 72
Please get/have the work done.
I shall get my food cooked/prepared by my grandmother.
Will you get/have book written again?
Will they get/have the watch mended again tomorrow?
The Headmaster will get/have our results declared by the end of this month.
Get/Have the letter sealed and stamped.
I shall get/have this book printed again.
Mother gets/has my clothes washed and cleaned by the lady servant/maid.
The teacher gets/has our lessons repeated.
We/They should get/have the fields ploughed before the rains.
He gets/has the land ploughed by his servant. / He gets/has his servant to plough the land.
The teacher gets/has us to clean the classrooms. / The teacher gets/has the classrooms cleaned by us.
He got/had a gardener to plant the flower plants in the garden. / He got/had the flower plants planted in the garden by a gardener.
Sita got/had a hair dresser/barber to cut her hair. Sita got/had her hair cut by a hair dresser/barber.
I shall get/have my servant to repair my cycle. / I shall get/have my cycle repaired by my servant.
Please get/have someone else to do this work. / Please get/have this work done by someone else.
Page 76/77
Father made me apologize to the teacher.
The teacher helped me solve/work out the sum.
Mother bade me go to the market.
I did not expect you to fail. / I did not expect that you would fail.
You should not miss such a chance/opportunity. / You should not let slip such a chance/opportunity.
You had better not do such a work. / You would rather not do such a work.
You had better not come to me. / You would rather not come to me.
You had better ask your father before joining this job. / You would rather ask your father before joining this job.
You had better do the work with care. / You would rather do the work with care.
The boy does nothing but sleep.
The idle people do nothing but eat.
He knows nothing but laugh.
Page 79
I believe that my friends won’t return.
My father thinks that they have gone to their village.
But, Kailash Babu has now sent me word that they were moving on the bank of the river in the evening.
So, I have decided that I will send a person to the bank of the river.
If they say that they will come to our house, I shall arrange supper for them.
Page 81
Dr. Livingstone promised that he would either explore Africa or die.
My friends told me that they would come to our house in the evening.
The police received the information that the dacoits were coming towards our house.
Towards the later part of the night, the dacoits found that one of them was missing.
The teacher told us that both the earth and the sun are round/spherical.
All of us knew that man is mortal.
Page 81/82
There was a Matha of Chagala Das on the bank of the river Brahmani.
Once he told his disciples that he would fast for seven days.
Having heard this, his disciples decided that they would feed him well that night.
Good dishes were immediately brought and kept near him.
But, having seen so much good food, Chagala Das thought to himself that he would eat all the food.
So, having called his disciples to him, he said that it is a great sin to waste food.
Unless he eats all the food, God would be displeased with him.
So, he would not fast/undertake fasting without eating all the food.
Page 85
It is said about Madhubabu that he was hardworking.
It is heard of Gopabandhu that he was honest and truthful.
It is a misfortune for Odisha that there is no strong/powerful leader now in Odisha.
It is foolish of the students to take part in politics.
It is the foremost duty of the teachers that they should love the students. / To love the students is the foremost duty of the teachers. / The foremost duty of the teachers is to love the students.
It is beyond/past my capacity/power to finish the work in a day. / To finish the work in a day is beyond/past my capacity/power.
It is one’s prime duty to help the poor under all circumstances. / To help the poor under all circumstances is one’s prime duty. / One’s prime duty is to help the poor under all circumstances.
Page 86
There can be no happiness without sorrow.
There can be no life without air.
There can be no smoke without fire.
There was little doubt that he would fail. / No one had a doubt about his failure.
It would be better were there another teacher in the school. / It would be better if the school had another teacher.
It is true that there has been no investigation about the matter/event.
His father knows that he has very little chance of passing. / His father knows that there is very little chance of his passing.
There was a time when there was too much difference between man and man.
There seems to be lack of understanding between you and me. / It seems that there is lack of understanding between you and me.
Page 89
What makes old age sorrowful is want. / It is the want that makes old age sorrowful. / That which makes old age sorrowful is want.
What pierces the heart of a man like an arrow is the harsh words. / It is the harsh words that pierce the heart of a man like an arrow. / That which pierces the heart of a man like an arrow is the harsh words.
What is pleasing to the eyes is the beauty of flowers. / It is the beauty of flowers that is pleasing to the eyes. / That which is pleasing to the eyes is the beauty of flowers.
What is condemned by most is violence. / It is violence that is condemned by most. / That which is condemned by most is violence.
What makes our towns unhygienic is the ditches and drains. / It is the ditches and drains that make our towns unhygienic. That which makes our towns unhygienic is the ditches and drains.
What is not known to anyone is future. / It is the future that is not known to anyone. / That which is not known to anyone is future.
Page 90
With the coming of floods, the people began to suffer. / The floods having come, the people began to suffer.
With the falling of nights, the earth got covered up with darkness. The nights having fallen, the earth got covered up with darkness.
With the arrival of rains, the roads became muddy. / The rains having arrived, the roads became muddy.
With the approach of the examinations, the students became busy with studies. / The examinations having approached, the students became busy with their studies.
With the longer duration/stay of winter, the tress became bald and ugly. / The winter having stayed longer, the tress became bald and ugly.
The meals being ready, we sat down to eat.
Page 92
The train having reached the station, the passengers got down.
The rain having stopped/subsided/ceased, the students went to school.
The sun having risen, darkness disappeared.
Prithviraj having been defeated, Jayachandra got delighted.
It being winter, the fields were covered with snow.
Today being the last day of March, we shall work longer in the office.
It being a public property, the government should take care of it.
Page 96
If you finish the work on time, I will give you a reward.
If the students did not go to school, they would be punished. / Unless the students went to school, they would be punished.
If it did not rain this morning, I would go to Cuttack. / Unless it rained this morning, I would go to Cuttack.
You can see him if he comes here. / You can see him provided that he comes here.
If it storms, the house will collapse. / If there is a storm, the house will collapse.
Had the teacher been here, he/she would have reprimanded you.
If Napoleon had not attacked Russia, he would not have been defeated. / Unless Napoleon attacked Russia, he would not be defeated.
Had I the wings of a bird, I could fly.
Page 98
Although he is intelligent, he is not industrious.
Though you work more, you get less profit.
Notwithstanding that he talks less, he talks well.
Despite coming too late, he finished his work much earlier.
He has wealth, however he is too miserly.
In spite of having good rainfalls last year, the crops were not so impressive.
Page 101/102
Abdul is as strong as his brother.
Abdul’s brother is not so/as strong as Abdul.
An aero plane can fly more speedily than a bird.
A bird cannot fly as speedily as an aero plane.
Akbar is/was one of the most famous Mughal emperors.
Very few Mughal emperors are/were as much famous as Akbar.
Kolkata is the biggest city of India.
No other city in India is as big as Kolkata.
With regard to the human habitation, Jacobabad is the biggest place of the world.
The United States of America is wealthier than any other country of the world.
The fruits of this tree are sweeter than those of that tree.
The shoes of Kanpur are more durable than those of Madras.
CONTENTS
