PARTS OF SPEECH
Every sentence you write or speak in English includes words that fall into some of the nine parts of speech. These include nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, , adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, articles/determiners, and interjections. (Some sources include only eight parts of speech and treat articles and determiners as adjectives.) Also known as word classes, these are the building blocks of grammar.
*Some words can be considered more than one part of speech, depending on context and usage.
Interjections can form complete sentences on their own.
Learning the names of the parts of speech probably won't make you witty, healthy, wealthy, or wise. In fact, learning just the names of the parts of speech won't even make you a better writer. However, you will gain a basic understanding of sentence structure and the English language by familiarizing yourself with these labels.
The 9 Parts of Speech
Read about each part of speech below and get started practicing identifying each.
Noun
Nouns are a person, place, thing, or idea. They can take on a myriad of roles in a sentence, from the subject of it all to the object of an action. They are capitalized when they're the official name of something or someone, called proper nouns in these cases. Examples: pirate, Caribbean, ship, freedom, Captain Jack Sparrow.
The 9 Parts of Speech
Read about each part of speech below and get started practicing identifying each.
*1. Noun
Nouns are a person, place, thing, or idea. They can take on a myriad of roles in a sentence, from the subject of it all to the object of an action. They are capitalized when they're the official name of something or someone, called proper nouns in these cases. Examples: pirate, Caribbean, ship, freedom, Captain Jack Sparrow.
1. Bojack Horseman is a melancholic horse-man in the series.
2. A pretty woman is walking down the street.
3. Marcus Miller is one of the greatest bassists in the world.
4. This guy is not breaking a leg.
5. He is breaking the entire skeleton.
*2. Pronoun
Pronouns stand in for nouns in a sentence. They are more generic versions of nouns that refer only to people. Examples: I, you, he, she, it, ours, them, who, which, anybody, ourselves.
1. I was made for loving you baby.
2. He was an old criminal who stayed in jail.
3. Have you heard anything about Jane? We haven’t seen her for a while.
4. There was not any single memory from her ex-boyfriend.
5. Children are playing. They will be tired soon.
*3. Verb
Verbs are action words that tell what happens in a sentence. They can also show a sentence subject's state of being (is, was). Verbs change form based on tense (present, past) and count distinction (singular or plural). Examples: sing, dance, believes, seemed, finish, eat, drink, be, became
1. You gave me a book.
2. The wind blows.
3. I will come home.
4. He is Ram.
5. We are Indians.
*4. Adjective
Adjectives describe nouns and pronouns. They specify which one, how much, what kind, and more. Adjectives allow readers and listeners to use their senses to imagine something more clearly. Examples: hot, lazy, funny, unique, bright, beautiful, poor, smooth.
1. Ram is a good boy.
2. We are well now.
3. I have a pink shirt.
4. An old man is walking on the road.
5. He was angry.
*5. Adverb
Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, and even other adverbs. They specify when, where, how, and why something happened and to what extent or how often. Examples: softly, lazily, often, only, hopefully, softly, sometimes.
1. He runs fast.
2. She sings sweetly.
3. I always pray to God.
4. Fortunately, India won the series.
5. Hopefully, they will return.
*6. Preposition
Prepositions show spacial, temporal, and role relations between a noun or pronoun and the other words in a sentence. They come at the start of a prepositional phrase, which contains a preposition and its object. Examples: up, over, against, by, for, into, close to, out of, apart from.
1. The teacher was angry with her.
2. He is looking at the Scoreboard.
3. Birds are flying above our heads.
4. They returned from the village.
5. The table was made of wood.
*7. Conjunction
Conjunctions join words, phrases, and clauses iand sentences. There are coordinating, subordinating, and correlative conjunctions. Examples: and, but, or, so, yet, with.
1. Two and two make four.
2. He is weak, still he works hard.
3. Ram as well as you was invited.
4. Call me after you reach home.
5. Though he is poor, he is honest.
*8. Interjection
Interjections are convey a high amount of emotions or reactions towards anything.
*9. Articles and Determiners
Articles and determiners function like adjectives by modifying nouns, but they are different from adjectives in that they are necessary for a sentence to have proper syntax. Articles and determiners specify and identify nouns, and there are indefinite and definite articles. Examples: articles: a, an, the; determiners: these, that, those, enough, much, few, which, what.
*Main Difference between an Adjective and a Determiner
An adjective brings forward some particular trait/characteristic of a noun.
Like for example : John is a decent boy. (‘Decent’ : a quality of John)
That is a wonderful movie (‘Wonderful’ : describing how the movie is, it’s quality)
A determiner on the other hand, determines, what kind of reference the noun has (possesive reference/ demonstrative reference/ inclusive etc). It does not describe any trait or characteristic of the noun itself, but just emphasizes the reference.
Like, “ Was John talking about that boy?” (‘that’ : demonstrating/ pointing out which boy was John talking about?…. that boy )
“Please give me my pen” (‘my’ : possessive reference. Which pen? ….my pen)
*Adjectives and determiners are both words that modify or describe a noun or a noun phrase. However, there is a distinctive difference between adjective and determiner. Most adjectives can be used in front of the noun as well as after the noun (predicatively). Determiners can only be used in front of the noun. In addition, a noun can have only one determiner, but there is no limit to the number of adjectives used by a noun. This is the main difference between adjective and determiner. It is also important to note that some grammarians consider determiners to be a part of adjectives.
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