The Last Lesson, Part 2: Summary, Glossary & question-Answers

 

The Last Lesson, Part 2
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The Last Lesson, Part 1: Summary, Glossary & question-Answers

 

   ARE YOU IN NEED OF THE SOFT MATERIALS ON THIS POEM?

THEN, CALL OR WHARSAPP AT THE GIVEN NUMBER: 8249297412.

 

 

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CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE STORY "THE PEDESTRIAN" BY RAY BRADBURY

Critically analyze the story The Pedestrian by Ray Bradbury.

Ray Bradbury’s dystopian short story “The Pedestrian” presents a chilling vision of a future society (set in 2053) where technology dominates human life so completely that genuine human interaction, individuality and outdoor activity have disappeared. The story follows Leonard Mead, the only person in a vast city of three million who still enjoys the simple act of taking solitary evening walks. Through vivid imagery, atmospheric descriptions and a dramatic confrontation, Bradbury explores themes of dehumanization, conformity, and the extinction of human freedom under the weight of technological obsession. In the first part of the story, Bradbury meticulously establishes the eerie, lifeless setting in which Leonard Mead moves. As he walks through the city at night, Mead observes a world that resembles a “graveyard”, where homes are described as “tomblike” structures with their inhabitants sealed inside, illuminated only by the dull glow of their television screens. The streets are so silent that Mead hears the sound of his own footsteps on the “soft gray dust” of the pavement. The outdoor world, once a space of social contact and community, has been abandoned for a passive existence in front of “viewing screens,” which have replaced conversation, outdoor recreation, and human companionship. 

Mead, on the other hand, engages deeply with the physical world. He breathes the “cool night air,” listens to the faint rustle of leaves, watches a stray moth or patch of grass, and feels the natural darkness around him as something alive and comforting. This sensory appreciation sets him apart from the rest of society; he is the last observer of a world that everyone else has forgotten. Bradbury contrasts this sensibility with the citizens’ mechanical lives indoors, their faces “moon-white,” staring blankly at their screens like “phantoms” or “zombies.” These descriptions highlight the emotional and intellectual death that has overtaken society. The landscape itself emphasizes this transformation. Mead passes massive intersections, “ribbons of avenue and freeway,” and the huge cloverleaf crossing that by day carries thousands of cars. But at night it lies completely deserted, like a “gigantic skeletal creature” sleeping under the moonlight. This deathly stillness underscores how the city has scheduled its own lifelessness—nighttime is no longer for human activity but for total withdrawal into indoor digital entertainment. Mead’s profession further symbolizes the decay of culture: he is a writer, but he has not sold a book in years because no one reads anymore. His walks become a quiet rebellion, a deliberate preservation of human curiosity and independence in a society that has surrendered both. 

The second part of the story introduces the central conflict and conveys Bradbury’s warning more sharply. Mead encounters the city’s only remaining police car, a completely automated machine without human officers. This symbolizes a government so depersonalized that even law enforcement has lost its humanity. The robotic voice interrogates Mead with cold, mechanical logic. His explanations—that he is simply walking, alone, at night—are treated as suspicious and irrational. His claim to be a writer is dismissed by the machine as “No profession,” implying that creative work is useless in a world where reading and imagination have become obsolete. The automated system cannot understand or tolerate someone who chooses to think, walk, or live differently. Mead’s harmless behavior is labeled a “regressive tendency,” implying that any deviation from the technological norm is a mental illness. Without any crime committed, he is arrested and taken to the ominous “Psychiatric Center for Research on Regressive Tendencies,” a facility whose very name reveals a society that punishes independence and pathologizes freedom.

 The story ends with the police car driving past Mead’s brightly lit home—symbolizing warmth, individuality and life—now out of his reach. This conclusion highlights Bradbury’s ultimate warning: when a society becomes entirely dependent on technology and embraces passive conformity, it loses its humanity, freedom and capacity for thought. Individuality becomes a threat, creativity becomes worthless, and even a peaceful walk becomes a punishable act.

 “The Pedestrian” therefore stands as a powerful cautionary tale. Written in 1951, during the rise of television and mechanized culture, it remains strikingly relevant today. Bradbury suggests that if humans choose comfort over connection, screens over society, and conformity over curiosity, they may willingly walk into a future where their basic humanity is taken from them—quietly, efficiently, and without their noticing.

Glossary for easy comprehension

1. Graveyard – A place where dead people are buried; used here to mean a silent, lifeless place कब्रिस्तान – जहाँ मृत लोगों को दफनाया जाता है; यहाँ निर्जीव और सन्नाटे वाली जगह के लिए

2. Tomblike – Resembling a tomb; dark, silent, lifeless कब्र जैसा – अँधेरा, सन्नाटा, निर्जीव

3. Phantoms – Ghostlike figures; people who seem unreal or lifeless भूत जैसे – अवास्तविक या निर्जीव लगने वाले लोग

4. Zombies – People who behave without thinking; lifeless beings ज़ॉम्बी – बिना सोच-विचार के, निर्जीव जैसे लोग

5. Regressive – Moving backwards to a less developed state पिछड़ता हुआ – कम विकसित अवस्था की ओर जाना

6. Tendency – Habit or natural way of behaving प्रवृत्ति – स्वाभाविक आदत या व्यवहार

7. Automated – Operated by machines, without human control स्वचालित – मशीनों द्वारा चलने वाला, बिना मानव नियंत्रण

8. Conformity – Behavior that follows society’s rules without questioning अनुरूपता – समाज के नियमों का बिना सोचे पालन करना

9. Individuality – Qualities that make a person unique व्यक्तित्व – जो किसी व्यक्ति को दूसरों से अलग बनाता है

10. Dehumanization – Making people lose human feelings and qualities अमानवीकरण – मानव भावनाओं और गुणों का खो जाना

11. Isolation – The state of being alone or separated from others अलगाव – दूसरों से दूर या अकेला होना

12. Psychiatric – Related to mental health or treatment of the mind मनोचिकित्सीय – मानसिक स्वास्थ्य या मानसिक उपचार से संबंधित

13. Arrest – To take someone into custody by authority गिरफ्तार करना – अधिकार द्वारा किसी को हिरासत में लेना

14. Dystopian – Related to an imagined society full of suffering and control दु:स्वप्न जैसा / दुष्टोपियाई – ऐसा काल्पनिक समाज जहाँ दुख और नियंत्रण हो

15. Obsession – Extreme focus on something, often unhealthy जुनून – किसी चीज़ पर अत्यधिक और अस्वस्थ ध्यान

16. Passive – Not active; accepting without action निष्क्रिय – सक्रिय नहीं; बिना प्रतिक्रिया दिए स्वीकार करना

17. Surveillance – Close monitoring or watching by authorities निगरानी – अधिकारियों द्वारा कड़ी देखरेख

18. Skeptical – Doubting; not easily convinced संशयपूर्ण – आसानी से न मानने वाला

19. Compliance – The act of obeying rules or orders अनुपालन – नियमों या आदेशों का पालन करना

Courtesy: Different AI sources 
Compiled by Dr. Shankar D Mishra 
Contact at this number for English tuition: 8270604524.
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SDM'S KEY TO JOIN THE SENTENCES STD. 9TH & 10TH TOTAL ENGLISH 2025

 

JOIN THE SENTENCES STD. IX.

PRACTICE PAPER-1

1. I was young. My father said this.
1. My father said this in my youth.

2 My father said this when I was young.

2. It is not a new care. However, it is reliable.
1. Despite not being a new care, it is reliable.

2. Although it is not a new car, it is reliable.

3. It is not a new car; nevertheless/still it is reliable.

3. We started late from home. We reached the theatre on time.
1. Despite starting late from home, we reached the theatre on time.

2. Although we started late from home, we reached the theatre on time.

3. We started late from home, yet we reached the theatre on time.

4. He waited a little. Then the candidates were ready for the instructions.
1. He waited a little for the candidates’ readiness for the instructions.
2. He waited a little until the candidates were ready for the instructions.
PRACTICE PAPER-2

1. You may succeed or not. She is not interested in it.
1. She is not interested in your success.

2. She is not interested in whether you succeed or not.

3. She is not interested either in your success or in your failure.

2. You copied my essay. Do you deny this?
1. Do you deny that you copied my essay?

2. Do you deny about your copying my essay?

3. The typist was intelligent. We hired him.
1. We hired the intelligent typist.

2. We hired the typist because he was intelligent.

3. We hired the typist, for he was intelligent.

4.The typist was intelligent; therefore/hence we hired him.

5. Since the typist was intelligent, we hired him.

4. The brakes could have failed. How would you have stopped the car then?"
1. How would you have stopped the car in case of failure of brakes?

2. How would you have stopped the car if the brakes had failed?
PRACTICE PAPER-3

1. The boy is still very weak. He must not play football yet.
1. The boy is still too weak to play football yet.

2. The boy is still so weak that he must not play football yet.

3. The boy is still very weak, hence he must not play football yet.

2. He worked hard. He wanted to get a scholarship.
1. His hard work to get a scholarship.

2. He worked hard otherwise he could not get a scholarship.

3. He worked hard so that he could get a scholarship.

3. The boy is the sports secretary. He was here a little while ago.
1. The boy, the sports secretary, was here a little while ago.

2. The boy, who is the sports secretary, was here a little while ago.

4. It was a steep hill. We had great difficulty in climbing it.
1. We had great difficulty in climbing a steep hill.

2. Since it was a steep hill, we had great difficulty in climbing it.

3 It was a steep hill; therefore we had difficulty climbing it.
PRACTICE PAPER-4

1. He is wealthy. He can easily buy the best car here.
1. As he is wealthy, he can buy the best car here.

2. He is wealthy; therefore he can easily buy the best car here.

3. He is wealthy enough to easily buy the best car here.

2. Eva is very clever.  No problem is difficult for her.
1. Eva being very clever, no problem is difficult for her.

2. No problem is difficult for clever Eva.

3. Since Eva is clever, no problem is difficult for her.

4. Eva is very clever, hence no problem is difficult for her.

3. He spoke to the man. The man is a Magistrate.
1. He spoke to the Magistrate.

2 He spoke to the man who is a Magistrate.

4. Where shall we stay in the city? This is the problem.
1. The problem is where to stay in the city.

2. The problem is where we shall stay in the city.

PRACTICE PAPER-5

1. We went to the market. We bought some biscuits.
1. Going to the market, we bought some biscuits.

2. After we went to the market, we bought biscuits.

2. We all enjoyed the story. Our teacher told us the story.
1. We all enjoyed the story told by our teacher.

2. We all enjoyed the story that our teacher told us.

3. When will the function start? I want to know this.
1. I want to know the starting time of the function.

2. I want to know when the function will start.

4. Clear your dues. Then you will be given the roll number.
1. Clear your dues to get the roll number.

2. You will be given the roll number after your clearing the dues.

3. Unless you clear your dues, you will not be given the roll number. 4. Clear your dues; only then will you be given the roll number.

5. Clear your dues, otherwise you will not be given the roll number.
PRACTICE PAPER-6

1. I had left the office. My client came after.
1. My client came after my leaving the office.

2. My client came after I had left the office.

2. The device is very easy. Even a child can use it.
1. The device is easy enough even for a child to use.

2. Since the device is very easy, even a child can use it.

3. The device is so easy that even a child can use it.

4. The device is too easy enough even for a child not to use.

3. He whispered something. It was not audible.
1. His whisper was inaudible.

2. What he whispered was not audible.

3. He whispered something inaudibly.

4. He whispered something that was not audible.

4. Let us hope your father will agree. If so, we will go out for a picnic.
1. We will go out for a picnic provided if your father agrees.

2. If your father agrees, we will go for a picnic.

3. Your father will have to agree, else we will not go out for a picnic.
PRACTICE PAPER-7

1. I had cleaned up the kitchen. The cleaner came afterwards.
1. The cleaner came after the kitchen was cleaned up by me

2. The cleaner came after I had cleaned up the kitchen.

2. The store was small. It had all the necessary goods.
1. The small store had all the necessary goods.

2. Though the store was small, it had all the necessary goods.

3 The store was small; nevertheless/nonetheless it had all goods.

4. Despite being small the store had all the necessary goods.

3. Clear the written test. Only then will you be called for an interview.
1. Clear the written test to be called for an interview.

2 If only you clear the written test, you will be called for an interview.

3. Clear the written test; or you won’t be called for an interview.

4. He is very silly. He will believe anything.
1. He is so silly that he will believe anything.

2. Since he is very silly, he will believe anything.

3. He is very silly; therefore he will believe anything.

4. He is too silly not to believe anything.
PRACTICE PAPER-8

1. The students stopped making a noise. They saw the teacher.
1. On seeing the teacher, the students stopped making a noise.

2. As soon as the students saw the teacher, they stopped making a noise.

3. No sooner did the students see the teacher, they stopped making a noise.

2. She will come to the party. I am sure about this.
1. I am sure about her coming to the party.

2. I am sure that she will come to the party.

3. When will you face the interview? Your selection depends on it.

1. Your selection depends on your facing the interview.  

2. Your selection depends on when you will face the interview.

4. He made us laugh. He told us a funny story.
1. He made us laugh telling a funny story.

2. He told us a funny story which made us laugh.

PRACTICE PAPER-9

1. We have to water the plants. Otherwise, they will die.
1.  Unless we water the plants, they will die.  

2. We have to water the plants, or else they will die.

3. We have to water the plants to avoid their death.

2. Nilu has won the first prize. I am pleased to announce it.
1. I am pleased to announce that Nilu has won the first prize.

2. I am pleased to announce Nilu’s winning the first prize.

3. You should work hard, otherwise you may fail.
1. Work hard to avoid failure.

2. Work hard not to fail.

3. Without working hard, you may fail.

4. If you do not work hard, you may fail.

5. Unless you work hard, you may fail.

4. The fugitive may hide anywhere. The police will arrest him.
1. The police will arrest the fugitive wherever he hides.

2. No matter where the fugitive hides, the police will arrest him.

 PRACTICE PAPER-10

1. What did the teacher say? This was it.
1. This was what the teacher said.

2. The teacher said this.

2. Take a cheque. The cash may not be sufficient.

1. Take a cheque lest (for fear that/to prevent the possibility that) the cash should be insufficient.

2. Take a cheque, else the cash may not be sufficient.

3. Take a cheque to avoid insufficiency of cash.

3. It is not a very costly camera. However, it is useful.
1. It is a useful camera, however it is useful.

2 Though it is not a very costly camera, it is useful.

3. Despite not being a very costly camera, it is useful.

4. He might not be sure about it. In that case, he would not agree to it.
1. If he was not sure about it, he would not agree to it.

 2. In case of not being sure about it, he would not agree to it.
PRACTICE PAPER-11

1. The boy is my cousin. He gave us some cold water.

1. My cousin gave us cold water.

2. The boy, who gave us cold water, is my cousin.

2. The thief escaped. It was dark.

1. The thief escaped in the darkness.

2. When it was dark, the thief escaped.

3. It was dark; therefore the thief escaped.

4. Since it was dark, the thief escaped.

3. Students can go there. They have to inform the warden about it.
1. Informing the warden, students can go there.

2. Students can go there only if they inform the warden about it.

4. He was caught. He admitted his crime.
1. After he was caught, he admitted his crime.

2. After being caught, he admitted his crime.
PRACTICE PAPER-12

1. Here is the lady. Her son is a pianist.

1. Here is the lady whose son is a pianist.

2. The lady’s son is a pianist.

3. Here, the lady’s son is a pianist.

2. Maya came to school. She had high fever today.
1. In spite of having high fever today, Maya came to school.

2. Though Maya had high fever today, she came to school.

3. Maya had high fever today; still she came to school.

3. There is something in store for him. He does not know it.
1. He does not know what is in store for him.

2. He does not know that something is in store for him.

3. There is something in store for him, still he does not know it.
4. She is an actor. She is a painter.
1. She is an actor as well as a painter.
2. Besides being an actor, she is a painter.

3. She is not only an actor but also a painter.

4. Not only is she an actor but she is also a painter.
PRACTICE PAPER-13

1. My son may go anywhere. I will find him.
1. Wherever my son goes, I will find him.

2. I forgot my admit card. That was careless of me.
1. Forgetting my admit card was careless of me.

2. I forgot my admit card which was careless of me.

3. We can travel by car. We can travel by bus.
1. We can travel not only by car but also by bus.

2. We can travel by car as well as by bus.

4. Leena liked the gift. James gave it to her.
1. Leena liked the gift given by James.

2. Leena liked the gift that James gave her.
PRACTICE PAPER-14

1. Who has snatched the tourist's camera? The police will soon find out.

1. The police will soon find out who has snatched the camera.

2. The police will soon find out the camera snatcher.

2. I have completed my studies. I am looking for a job.

1. After completing my studies, I am looking for a job.

 2. After I have completed my studies, I am looking for a job.

3. What happened in the meeting? Nobody has an idea.

1. Nobody has an idea what happened in the meeting.

2. Nobody has an idea of the proceedings of the meeting.

4. They should hurry up. Otherwise, they will miss the flight.
1. They should hurry up not to miss the flight.

2. Unless they hurry up, they will miss the flight.

3 They should hurry up, otherwise they will miss the flight.
PRACTICE PAPER-15

1. How shall we arrange the room for the party? I do not know this.

1. I do not know how to arrange the room for the party.

2. I do not know how we shall arrange the room for the party.

3. How we shall arrange the room for the party is not known to me.

2. Pull the chain. The train will stop.

1. Pull the chain to stop the train.

2. If you pull the chain, the train will stop.

3. Pull the chain, else the train won’t stop.

3. A fisher man saved me. Otherwise, I would have drowned.
1. A fisherman saved me from drowning.

2. Had a fisherman not saved me, I would have drowned.

3. A fisherman saved me, otherwise I would have drowned.

4. A deer defends its young ones. It fights with courage.
1. A deer defends its young ones fighting with courage.

2. When a deer defends its young ones, it fights with courage.

 

Questions Courtesy: Total English, Std. IX, 2025

Answers Copyright: Dr. Shankar D Mishra

OZYMANDIAS STD. 7: SUMMARY, QUESTION ANSWERS & POETIC DEVICES

 

Ozymandias

About the poet

Percy Bysshe Shelley 1792-1822) was one of the finest lyrical and philosophical poets of the eighteenth century. He nurtured highly unusual social and political views The poem 'Ode to the West Wind' and ‘To a Skylark’ are some of his most renowned works.

Glossary

Finest: best, most excellent — श्रेष्ठ

Lyrical: expressive of emotions in a beautiful way (especially in poetry) — गीतीय

Philosophical: relating to the study of knowledge, existence, and ethics — दार्शनिक

Nurtured: developed, encouraged growth — पाल- पोस कर बढ़ाना

Highly unusual: very uncommon, rare — अत्यंत असामान्य

Social and political views: opinions about society and governance — सामाजिक और राजनीतिक दृष्टिकोण

Renowned: famous, well known — प्रसिद्ध

Summary in English:
Percy Bysshe Shelley, who lived from 1792 to 1822, was one of the greatest poets of the 18th century known for his expressive and thoughtful poetry. He held very uncommon views on society and politics. Some of his most famous poems are "Ode to the West Wind" and "To a Skylark."

Summary in Hindi:
पर्सी बिश शेली (1792-1822) अठारहवीं सदी के सबसे श्रेष्ठ रचनात्मक और दार्शनिक कवियों में से एक थे। वे सामाजिक और राजनीतिक दृष्टिकोण में अत्यंत असामान्य थे। उनकी कुछ प्रसिद्ध कविताएँ "ओड टू द वेस्ट विंड" और "टू अ स्कायलार्क" हैं।

Before reading the poem:

Ozymandias was the Greek name of Ramesses II, an Egyptian king, who statue is often considered to have been the inspiration for this poem, this poem to see how the poet writes about a ruined statue to illustrate the impermanence of life, and how even the mightiest must perish with time

Glossary

Ozymandias: The Greek name for Ramesses II, an ancient Egyptian king — ओजिमंडियास (ग्रीक नाम रैमसीस द्वितीय का)

Statue: A carved or cast figure of a person or animal — मूर्ति

Inspiration: A source of motivation or creativity — प्रेरणा

Ruined: Broken down or destroyed — खंडहर

Impermanence: The state of not lasting forever — अस्थिरता

Mightiest: The strongest or most powerful — सर्वशक्तिमान

Perish: To die or disappear — नष्ट होना

Summary in English:
Before reading the poem, it's important to know that Ozymandias was the Greek name for Ramesses II, a famous Egyptian king. It is believed that a statue of Ramesses II inspired this poem. The poem shows how the poet writes about a broken statue to express that life is temporary and even the most powerful people eventually die or disappear over time.

Summary in Hindi:
कविता पढ़ने से पहले यह जानना जरूरी है कि ओजिमंडियास ग्रीक भाषा में रैमसीस द्वितीय नामक मिस्र के एक प्रसिद्ध राजा का नाम था। कहा जाता है कि उनकी एक मूर्ति से इस कविता को प्रेरणा मिली। यह कविता एक टूटी हुई मूर्ति के माध्यम से दर्शाती है कि जीवन अस्थायी है और सबसे शक्तिशाली लोग भी समय के साथ नष्ट हो जाते हैं।

The text of the poem

I met a traveller from an antique land,

Who said— “Two vast and trunkless legs of stone

Stand in the desert. . .. Near them, on the sand,

Half sunk a shattered visage lies, whose frown,

And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command,

Tell that its sculptor well those passions read

Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,

The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed;

And on the pedestal, these words appear:

My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings;

Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!"

Nothing beside remains. Round the decay

Of that colossal Wreck, boundless and bare

The lone and level sands stretch far away.

Glossary

antique — ancient, old (प्राचीन)
vast — huge, large (विशाल)
trunkless — without a torso or body (बिना धड़ के)
desert — wasteland, barren (रेगिस्तान)
visage — face (चेहरा)
frown — scowl, angry expression (भौंहें चढ़ाना)
wrinkled — creased, lined (झुर्रियों वाला)
sneer — mocking smile, look of contempt or disrespect (घृणा भरी मुस्कान)
command — order, authority (आज्ञा)
sculptor — carver, artist who makes statues (मूर्तिकार)
passions — emotions, feelings (भावनाएँ)
survive — continue to exist, endure (बचा रहना)
stamped — engraved, impressed (उकेरा गया)
mocked — imitated or ridiculed (मजाक उड़ाना)
pedestal — base of a statue (चबूतरा)
mighty — powerful kings (शक्तिशाली)
despair — hopelessness, gloom (निराशा)
decay — gradual destruction, broken state (क्षय)
colossal — huge, massive (विशाल)
wreck — ruins, remains (खंडहर)
boundless — endless, without limit (असीम)
bare — empty, stark (नीरस)
lone — solitary, the only one (अकेला)
level — flat (समतल

the hand: (here) the sculptor — The artist who created the statue — मूर्तिकार

The heart: (here, Ozymandias brought those expressions on his face) — The emotions or feelings that inspired those expressions — दिल, जो भावनाएँ जताता है

Line-wise Summary in English:

The speaker meets a traveller from an ancient land who tells him about a ruined statue.

The traveller describes two huge stone legs standing in the desert, without the body.

Near the legs, a broken face lies half-buried in the sand, with a frown, wrinkled lip, and sneer.

The sculptor captured the king's proud emotions on the statue that still survive.

On the statue's pedestal is inscribed: "My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings; Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!"

Ironically, nothing remains around the ruins except vast and empty sands stretching endlessly.

The poem shows that human pride and power are temporary and eventually destroyed by time and nature.

Line-wise Summary in Hindi:

कवि एक प्राचीन देश के यात्री से मिलता है जो उसे एक टूटी हुई मूर्ति के बारे में बताता है।

यात्री बताता है कि रेगिस्तान में दो विशाल पत्थर की टाँगें खड़ी हैं, पर धड़ नहीं है।

टाँगों के पास, आधा धंसा हुआ टूटा हुआ चेहरा है जिसमें भौंह तनी हुई, शिकन वाली होंठ और तिरछी हँसी है।

मूर्तिकार ने राजा की गर्व भरी भावनाओं को मूर्ति में उकेरा है जो अब भी जीवित हैं।

मूर्ति के आधार पर लिखा है: "मेरा नाम ओजिमंडियास है, राजाओं का राजा; मेरी कृतियों को देखो, हे शक्तिशाली, और निराश हो जाओ!"

विडंबना यह है कि उसके चारों ओर कुछ भी नहीं बचा, केवल अनंत रेतीले मैदान फैले हुए हैं।

यह कविता दिखाती है कि मानव गर्व और शक्ति अस्थायी हैं और अंततः समय और प्रकृति द्वारा नष्ट हो जाते हैं।

Reading comprehension of the poem:

A. Fill in the blanks to complete the summary of the poem.

'Ozymandias' tells the story of a traveller who comes across the ruins of a once-great statue in the desert. The statue is of a king named (1)……….., who was very powerful and proud. The traveller describes how the statue is (2) ………… and half-burned in sand. Only the legs remain standing, while the face is shattered but still shows a (3) …………expression. On the base of the statue, there is an (4) ………that boasts about Ozymandias' greatness and challenges anyone to look upon his works and (5) ……….. at their own insignificance.

However, the traveller points out that there is nothing left of Ozymandias’ kingdom; the landscape is empty and (6) ………. . This contrast highlights the message of the poem-no matter how powerful or important someone may be, (7) ………. eventually erases all glory. The poem reminds us that (8) ……….. can lead to downfall.

Answer: (1) Ozymandias, (2) broken, (3) proud , (4) inscription , (5) despair, (6) barren, (7) time, (8) pride and vanity

Glossary

Broken — damaged or separated into pieces — टूटा हुआ

Proud — feeling deep pleasure or satisfaction — गर्वित

Inscription — words written or engraved on a surface — शिलालेख

Despair — the complete loss or absence of hope — निराशा

Barren — unable to produce vegetation or children; empty — उजाड़

Time — the ongoing sequence of events taking place — समय

Pride — a sense of one’s own worth or self-respect — गर्व

Summary of the passage in English:
The poem "Ozymandias" narrates the story of a traveller who finds the ruins of a mighty king’s statue in the desert. Though the statue is in ruins, it still reflects the king’s pride and power. The inscription on the statue challenges viewers to compare their own achievements with the king’s. However, the empty desert surrounding the ruins reminds us that no matter how great someone is, time destroys all power and fame. The poem teaches that excessive pride often leads to a person’s downfall.

Summary of the passage in Hindi:
कविता "ओजिमंडियास" एक यात्री की कहानी कहती है जो रेगिस्तान में एक शक्तिशाली राजा की मूर्ति के खंडहर देखता है। मूर्ति भले ही टूटी हुई हो, पर राजा के गर्व और शक्ति को व्यक्त करती है। मूर्ति पर लिखा शिलालेख दर्शकों को अपने कामों की तुलना राजा के कृत्यों से करने की चुनौती देता है। लेकिन खंडहरों के चारों ओर का उजाड़ रेगिस्तान यह याद दिलाता है कि कोई भी कितना भी महान क्यों न हो, समय सभी शक्ति और प्रसिद्धि को छीन लेता है। कविता यह सिखाती है कि अत्यधिक गर्व अक्सर पतन का कारण बनता है।

B. Read these lines from the poem and answer the questions that follow.

Who said-Two vast and trunkless legs of stone Stand in the desert... Near them, on the sand

1. Who says these words and to whom?

2. To whom do the ‘vast and trunkless legs of stone' belong?

3. What lies near them on the sand? How does the poet describe it?

Answers:

1. The words "Two vast and trunkless legs of stone / Stand in the desert... Near them, on the sand" are said by a traveller from an antique land to the speaker of the poem.

2. The "vast and trunkless legs of stone" belong to the ruined statue of King Ozymandias.

3. Near the legs, on the sand, lies a shattered (broken) face (visage), half-buried in the sand. The poet describes the face as showing a frown, a wrinkled lip, and a sneer of cold command, which reflects the emotions and pride of the king despite the ruin.

Thus, the traveller narrates the sight of the fragmented statue in the desert to the poet.

C. Answer these questions in 30-40 words each.

1. Where is the traveller from?

2. What do you understand by 'sneer of cold command?

3. What does the narrator say about the sculptor?

4. Describe the condition of the statue in your own words.

5. How does this poem pay a tribute to the sculptor even while reminding the reader that everything comes to an end?

Answers:

1. The traveller is from a very old, ancient land. He has seen many ruins and historic places and tells the speaker about what he saw.

2. "Sneer of cold command" means a proud and harsh look on the statue’s face. It shows the king's power and his commanding attitude.

3. The narrator says the sculptor was very skilled. He showed the king’s proud feelings perfectly on the statue’s face.

4. The statue is broken and ruined. Only the huge legs stand, and near them lies a broken face half-buried in the sand, still showing pride.

5. The poem honours the sculptor for capturing the feelings of Ozymandias in his art. It shows that even if statues break, art keeps memories alive, though power fades with time.

D. Think and discuss.

1. Why do you think the poet has chosen a king's statue as the of the poem?

2. What is the message conveyed in the poem? How successful is the poet conveying this message?

Answers:

1. The poet chose a king's statue because it represents power and pride. Kings are often seen as very strong and important, so their statues symbolize their greatness. The ruined statue shows even great power cannot last forever.

2. The poem's message is that all power and glory are temporary. No matter how mighty someone is, time destroys everything. The poet conveys this message successfully by describing the broken statue in the desert and the ironic words on its base.

Vocabulary

Ozymandias’ belief that he is the greatest ruler, as expressed in the inscription reflects his vain and arrogant nature, suggesting an obsession with his own greatness. He embodies the traits of a tyrannical ruler, exercising absolute, autocratic and demanding respect.

Match the negative traits in Column A with their meanings in Column B.

Column A.

1. supercilious

2. autocratic

3. dogmatic

4. peremptory

5. Imperious

Column B

a. ruling with complete power

b. expecting to be obeyed immediately without questions

c. behaving as if one thinks one is better than everyone else

d. treating people as if they are not important

e. one who believes what she/he says is always right

Answers:

1. Supercilious — c. behaving as if one thinks one is better than everyone else

2. Autocratic — a. ruling with complete power

3. Dogmatic — e. one who believes what she/he says is always right

4. Peremptory — b. expecting to be obeyed immediately without questions

5. Imperious — d. treating people as if they are not important

Taken from the Model test Paper 2

Read these excerpts and answer the questions that follow:

My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings; Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!

a. What do the words "King of Kings' signify? (1mark)

b. What is the meaning of the word 'despair? (1mark)

c. Whom does the speaker address as 'ye Mighty? Why are they being asked to 'despair? (2 marks)

d. What is the message that the poet wishes to convey through these lines? (2 marks)

Answers:

a. The words King of Kings mean that Ozymandias considered himself the most powerful ruler above all other kings.

b. The word despair means to lose hope completely.

c. The speaker addresses other mighty rulers as ‘ye Mighty’. They are asked to despair because they should feel hopeless compared to Ozymandias' great works.

d. The poet's message through these lines is that no matter how powerful or great someone is, his/her achievements will eventually fade with time.

Appreciating the poem

Synecdoche

Read this line from the poem.

The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed

Here the poet refers to the sculptor and Ozymandias simply by referring to a part of them. ‘The hand’ is the sculptor's hand that has so skilfully captured the frown, the wrinkled lip and the commanding sneer in stone. However, instead of saying the sculptor, the poet simply says 'the hand’ to focus the reader's attention on the sculptor's hand that has carved the statue.

Similarly, ‘the heart' refers to Ozymandias' heart and to the unpleasant qualities in him which brought the frown and the cold sneer to his face. However, instead of saying 'Ozymandias', the poet simply says the heart to focus the reader's attention on the pride and coldness of the mighty Ozymandias.

This poetic device is called Synecdoche (pronounced si-NEK-duh-kee) or part for the whole. In synecdoche, a part of something stands for or represents the whole. It is a powerful tool often used by poets.

Here are some more examples:

1. Uneasy lies the head that wears a crown. ('the head' refers to the king or the queen)

2. The ship's captain yelled, 'All hands on deck!" ('hands' refers to the crew members)

3. An honest heart has nothing to fear. ('an honest heart' stands for an honest person)

A. Explain the use of synecdoche in these sentences.

1. I gave the wrong answer in class and thirty pairs of eyes stared at me.

2. Hearing the sergeant's orders, a hundred boots began to march.

3. The White House has not yet issued a statement about the attacks.

4. Her mother worked hard to earn the bread for the family.

5. My uncle never carries cash; he always pays everywhere with his plastic.

Answers:

1. In “I gave the wrong answer in class and thirty pairs of eyes stared at me,” eyes (a part) represent the students (the whole). Instead of saying students, a part (eyes) is used to mean the whole.

2. In “Hearing the sergeant's orders, a hundred boots began to march,” boots stand for soldiers. The part (boots) represents the whole (soldiers).

“My uncle never carries cash; he always pays everywhere with his plastic” uses plastic to mean credit or debit cards. A part (plastic card) is used to refer to the whole (payment method).

*Corrections

3. “The White House has not yet issued a statement about the attacks” uses the White House stands for the U.S. government. Here, the container ‘the White House’ is used to mean contents ‘the U.S. government’.

So this is an example of metonymy, not synecdoche.

4. Her mother worked hard to earn the bread for the family.

Analysis 1: It’s not an example of Synecdoche, but Metaphor because bread does not literally mean “bread,” nor is bread a part of something larger that it stands for.

Instead, bread is being used symbolically to mean ‘food or livelihood’ or ‘money needed to survive’.

Analysis 2: If the sentence were: “Her mother worked hard to feed the stomachs.”, “stomachs” (a part of the human body) would stand for the whole people. Then, that would be a synecdoche (part representing the whole).

But in the given sentence: “Her mother worked hard to earn the bread for the family.”
Bread is not a part of “livelihood” or “income.”
So, it is a Metaphor, not Synecdoche) because bread is indirectly compared to livelihood’ or ‘money needed to survive’.

5. My uncle never carries cash; he always pays everywhere with his plastic.

Analysis: In the above sentence, the poetic device used is ‘Metonymy’, not ‘Synecdoche’ because here Plastic does not mean literally plastic material, but it stands for credit/debit cards, which are made of plastic. The name of a material is used to refer to the object associated with it, so it’s a ‘Metonymy’ as in the following example: ‘He drew his steel’, steel is the material used for a weapon, which is an object associated with it

 ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS WITH THEIR ANSWERS

MCQs (1)

1. Who does the traveller meet in the poem?

A) A king

B) A sculptor

C) A traveller from an antique land

D) A mighty warrior
Answer: C

2. What are described as “two vast and trunkless legs of stone”?

A) Trees

B) Statue's legs

C) Mountains

D) Buildings
Answer: B

3. True or False: The shattered visage lies on solid rock.

A) True

B) False
Answer: B

4. What expression does the shattered visage have?

A) Smile

B) Sneer of cold command

C) Sadness

D) Joy
Answer: B

5. The word “wrinkled” in the poem most nearly means:

A) Smooth

B) Folded or creased

C) Large

D) Bright
Answer: B

6. Which phrase best describes the mood of the poem?

A) Joyful and hopeful

B) Lonely and sombre

C) Angry and rebellious

D) Cheerful and lively
Answer: B

7. The phrase “Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!” conveys:

A) Pride and warning

B) Sadness and regret

C) Joy and welcome

D) Confusion and doubt
Answer: A

8. Which literary device is used in “Two vast and trunkless legs of stone”?

A) Metaphor

B) Hyperbole

C) Personification

D) Symbolism
Answer: A

9. What does the poem suggest about Ozymandias’s works?

A) They last forever

B) They have disappeared over time

C) They are still celebrated

D) They were never built
Answer: B

10. True or False: The “colossal Wreck” is still a place of activity.

A) True

B) False
Answer: B

11. The word “antique” means:

A) New

B) Old and valuable

C) Broken

D) Tiny
Answer: B

12. What is the “pedestal”?

A) A type of stone

B) The base of a statue

C) The artist’s tool

D) A temple
Answer: B

13. Which is closest in meaning to “frown”?

A) Smile

B) Scowl

C) Laugh

D) Wink
Answer: B

14. The theme of the poem primarily concerns:

A) Nature’s beauty

B) The passage of time and impermanence

C) A love story

D) A heroic battle
Answer: B

15. The tone of the poem can best be described as:

A) Mocking

B) Reflective

C) Excited

D) Hopeful
Answer: B

16. True or False: The sculptor could read the king’s passions well.

A) True

B) False
Answer: A

17. “Heart that fed” is an example of:

A) Simile

B) Alliteration

C) Personification

D) Hyperbole
Answer: C

18. The word “colossal” means:

A) Tiny

B) Large and impressive

C) Broken

D) Ancient
Answer: B

19. What literary device is shown in “lone and level sands”?

A) Irony

B) Assonance

C) Onomatopoeia

D) Oxymoron
Answer: B

20. The phrase “Nothing beside remains” implies:

A) The statue is perfect

B) The statue is lost and nothing else is left

C) The desert is full of ruins

D) The statue has treasures nearby
Answer: B

21. The phrase “Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!” is an example of:

A) Irony

B) Simile

C) Metonymy

D) Oxymoron
Answer: A

22. Which best describes the “sneer of cold command”?

A) A kind look

B) An expression of arrogance

C) A smile of joy

D) A look of confusion
Answer: B

23. What does the traveller imply about the sculptor’s skill?

A) The sculptor was careless

B) The sculptor captured the king’s character well

C) The sculptor hated the king

D) The sculptor was unknown
Answer: B

24. Which of these is the closest opposite of “vast”?

A) Enormous

B) Tiny

C) Wide

D) Long
Answer: B

25. What does the “shattered visage” symbolize?

A) The king’s power

B) The ruin of human pride and power

C) Nature’s beauty

D) The sculptor’s talent
Answer: B

26. The phrase “hand that mocked them” suggests:

A) The sculptor ridiculed the king’s passions

B) The sculptor admired the king

C) The statue was well-preserved

D) The sands mocked the statue
Answer: A

27. The poem’s setting is most likely:

A) A thriving city

B) A deserted, empty landscape

C) A palace

D) A battlefield
Answer: B

28. Which is a synonym for “wrinkled” in context?

A) Smooth

B) Creased

C) Bright

D) Powerful
Answer: B

29. What kind of poem is “Ozymandias”?

A) Narrative poem

B) Lyrical poem

C) Ode

D) Sonnet
Answer: D

30. The conclusion of the poem warns about:

A) The eternal nature of art

B) The fleeting nature of power and legacy

C) The power of nature over humans

D) The greatness of kings
Answer: B

MCQs (2)

1.   Who is the poet of the poem?
a) John Keats
b) W. B Yeats
c) P. B Shelly
d) R. N Tagore
Ans: c) P. B Shelly

2.  What is missing from the statue according to the traveller?
a) Its arms
b) Its trunk
c) Its head
d) Its crown
Ans: b) Its trunk

3.  Where is the shattered visage found?
a) On a mountain
b) In a river
c) On the sand, half-sunk
d) Inside a palace
Ans: c) On the sand, half-sunk

4.  What expression is seen on the visage?
a) A happy smile
b) A look of confusion
c) A frown and a sneer
d) A sorrowful expression
Ans: c) A frown and a sneer

5.  What appears on the pedestal of the statue?
a) A prayer
b) A warning
c) An inscription of pride
d) A poem
Ans: c) An inscription of pride

6.  The poem describes a newly built statue.
a) True
b) False
Ans: b) False

7.  The sculptor understood the king’s passions well.
a) True
b) False
Ans: a) True

8.  The desert around the statue is full of vegetation.
a) True
b) False
Ans: b) False

9.  Which of the following are present in the poem? I. Desert II. Colossal wreck III. Thriving kingdom
a) Only I
b) I and II
c) II and III
d) I, II and III
Ans: b) I and II

10.  Which of these emotions are attributed to the shattered visage? I. Frown II. Wrinkled lip III. Sneer of cold command
a) Only I and II
b) Only II and III
c) I, II and III
d) None
Ans: c) I, II and III

11. “Antique land” refers to—
a) A modern city
b) A very old place
c) A ruined palace
d) A mythological world
Ans: b) A very old place

12. “Colossal Wreck” means—
a) A very large and ruined structure
b) A newly built palace
c) A destroyed village
d) A broken boat
Ans: a) A very large and ruined structure

13. “Boundless and bare” describes—
a) The king’s power
b) The traveller’s emotions
c) The vast desert
d) The sculptor’s skill
Ans: c) The vast desert

14. “Lifeless things” refers to—
a) The people
b) The sculptor’s tools
c) The ruins of the statue
d) The desert plants
Ans: c) The ruins of the statue

15. “Cold command” suggests—
a) Kind leadership
b) Indifferent authority
c) Friendly behaviour
d) Honest rule
Ans: b) Indifferent authority

16. The antonym of “vast” is—
a) Huge
b) Tiny
c) Endless
d) Boundless
Ans: b) Tiny

17. The synonym of “shattered” is—
a) Whole
b) Broken
c) Soft
d) Plain
Ans: b) Broken

18. The synonym of “decay” is—
a) Growth
b) Fragrance
c) Ruin
d) Honour
Ans: c) Ruin

19. The antonym of “mighty” in the poem’s context is—
a) Weak
b) Powerful
c) Proud
d) Cold
Ans: a) Weak

20. The synonym of “sneer” is—
a) Smile
b) Hug
c) Scornful expression
d) Friendly gesture
Ans: c) Scornful expression

21.  The central theme of the poem is—
a) Eternal glory of kings
b) Futility of human pride
c) Beauty of deserts
d) Love between nations
Ans: b) Futility of human pride

22.  The tone created by “boundless and bare” is—
a) Joyful
b) Mysterious
c) Lonely and desolate
d) Celebratory
Ans: c) Lonely and desolate

23.  The mood evoked by the “colossal wreck” is—
a) Humorous
b) Tragic
c) Energetic
d) Hopeful
Ans: b) Tragic

24.  The inscription suggests the king was—
a) Humble
b) Proud and boastful
c) Gentle
d) Wise
Ans: b) Proud and boastful

25. The poem ultimately shows that—
a) Art is temporary
b) Nature is destructive
c) Power and glory fade over time
d) Sculptors should avoid kings
Ans: c) Power and glory fade over time

26. “Lone and level sands stretch far away” is an example of—
a) Personification
b) Alliteration
c) Simile
d) Metaphor
Ans: b) Alliteration

27. “Two vast and trunkless legs of stone” contains—
a) Hyperbole
b) Metaphor
c) Irony
d) Imagery
Ans: d) Imagery

28. The inscription “Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!” is an example of—
a) Paradox
b) Irony
c) Simile
d) Allusion
Ans: b) Irony

29. “Half-sunk, a shattered visage lies” is an example of—
a) Oxymoron
b) Imagery
c) Simile
d) Apostrophe
Ans: b) Imagery

30. “The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed” shows—
a) Metonymy
b) Personification
c) Synecdoche
d) Allusion
Ans: c) Synecdoche

ONE-MARK QUESTIONS

1.   Who does the speaker meet in the poem?

Ans: A traveller

 2.   From where did the traveller come?

Ans: An antique land

 3.   What stood in the desert?

Ans: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone

 4.   What was lying half-sunk near the legs?

Ans: A shattered visage

 5.   What expression did the visage show?

Ans: A frown and a sneer of cold command

 6.   Who understood the king’s passions well?

Ans: The sculptor

 7.   What had stamped the passions on the lifeless stone?

Ans: The sculptor’s skill

 8.   Whose hand "mocked" the passions?

Ans: The sculptor’s

 9.   Whose heart "fed" the passions?

Ans: Ozymandias’

 10.                 What appears on the pedestal?

Ans: An inscription

 11.                 What name does the inscription proclaim?

Ans: Ozymandias

 12.                 What title does Ozymandias give himself?

Ans: King of Kings

 13.                 What command does he give to the mighty?

Ans: “Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!”

 14.                 What remains around the statue?

Ans: Nothing beside remains

 15.                 How is the wreck described?

Ans: Colossal wreck

 16.                 How are the sands described?

Ans: Lone and level

 17.                 What literary device is used in “lone and level”?

Ans: Alliteration

 18.                 What is the theme of the poem?

Ans: The futility of human pride and power

 19.                 Who is the poet of Ozymandias?

Ans: P. B. Shelley

 20.                 What does the word “antique” mean?

Ans: Ancient/very old

 21.                 What does “visage” mean?

Ans: Face

 22.                 What does the desert symbolize?

Ans: The vastness of time / insignificance of human power

 23.                 What emotion does “cold command” convey?

Ans: Harsh, arrogant authority

 24.                 What is ironic about the inscription?

Ans: The mighty works he boasts of have vanished

 25.                 What is the poem’s overall tone?

Ans: Reflective and ironic

TWO-MARK QUESTIONS

1.   What is ironic about the inscription on the pedestal of Ozymandias’ statue?
Answer: The inscription boasts about Ozymandias’s great power, but ironically, all that remains of his works is a ruined statue in the desert.

2.   Who does the ‘shattered visage’ belong to and why is it half sunk?
Answer: It belongs to King Ozymandias. It is half sunk because time and the desert sands have worn and buried the statue.

3.   What qualities of King Ozymandias does the poem reflect?
Answer: The poem shows that Ozymandias was powerful, proud, arrogant, and despot-like, commanding all with his wishes.

4.   What does the phrase “Two vast and trunkless legs of stone” describe?
Answer: It describes the broken statue's legs standing alone without a torso in the desert.

5.   Explain the meaning of “the hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed.”
Answer: It means the sculptor was skilled at capturing both the king’s appearance and emotions, 'mocking' or imitating them artistically.

6.   What is the central theme of the poem?
Answer: The central theme is the impermanence of human power and the inevitable passage of time that destroys all glory.

7.   How does the poem describe the expression on Ozymandias’s face?
Answer: The expression is a sneer of cold command showing arrogance and pride.

8.   What does the “lone and level sands” symbolize?
Answer: They symbolize the emptiness and desolation left by the passage of time, where once great empires have vanished.

9.   What message does the poem convey about human arrogance?
Answer: The poem conveys that human pride and power are ultimately futile against the power of time.

10.                 What does “Nothing beside remains” signify about Ozymandias’s empire?
Answer: It signifies that nothing of the once great empire survives except ruins.

11.                 Why is the statue described as a “colossal wreck”?
Answer: Because the statue is huge but now broken and ruined due to the ravages of time.

12.                 What kind of poem is "Ozymandias"?
Answer: It is a sonnet.

13.                 What role does the desert setting play in the poem?
Answer: The desert emphasizes isolation, decay, and life's transience.

14.                 How does the sculptor’s skill affect the message of the poem?
Answer: The sculptor's skill captures the king’s pride and emotions, reinforcing the theme of human vanity.

15.                 What lesson about legacy does the poem teach?
Answer: The lesson is that no matter how powerful one is, time will erase all achievements and legacies.

THREE-MARK QUESTIONS

1.  Describe the condition of the statue in the poem.

Ans: The statue is broken and ruined. Only two big stone legs stand in the desert, and the head lies half-buried in the sand. The face is shattered but still shows a frown and sneer, making it a “colossal wreck.”

2. What do the expressions on the shattered face tell us about Ozymandias?

Ans: The frown and sneer show that Ozymandias was proud, harsh, and arrogant. He believed in power and ruled in a commanding way, expecting others to fear him.

3.  How did the sculptor successfully capture the king’s personality? Ans: The sculptor understood the king’s emotions well. He carved the proud and cruel expressions—like the sneer and wrinkled lip—so perfectly that they remain visible even after the statue is ruined.

4.  What is written on the pedestal and why is it ironic?

Ans: It says, “My name is Ozymandias, King of Kings; Look on my Works, ye Mighty, and despair!” It is ironic because nothing remains of his works now. His statue is broken, and the desert is empty, making his boast meaningless.

5.  How does the poem show the temporary nature of human power?

Ans: Ozymandias was once a mighty ruler, but time destroyed everything he built. His statue is ruined and his kingdom has vanished. This shows that human power does not last and time is stronger than kings.

6.  Describe the desert setting and its effect on the poem.

Ans: The desert is described as “boundless and bare,” with “lone and level sands.” This empty setting makes the ruins look even smaller and powerless, highlighting how nature and time overpower human achievements.

7.  What message does the traveller give through his story?

Ans: The traveller’s story shows that Ozymandias, once a great king, is now forgotten. Only ruins remain. The message is that pride, power, and glory disappear, and nothing lasts forever.

8.  How does the poem use imagery to create a strong picture?

Ans: The poem uses vivid images like “trunkless legs,” “shattered visage,” and “lone and level sands.” These details help readers imagine the broken statue and empty desert clearly, making the scene powerful.

9.  Explain the meaning of “The hand that mocked them, and the heart that fed.”

Ans: The “hand” refers to the sculptor, whose hands copied the king’s proud expressions. The “heart” refers to Ozymandias, whose emotions—pride and cruelty—fed those expressions. It shows how the sculptor captured the king’s true nature.

10.  What is the central theme of Ozymandias?

Ans: The central theme is the futility of human pride. Kings think their power will last forever, but time destroys everything. Ozymandias wanted to be remembered, yet only ruins remain.

 

Compiled from different AI sources by Dr. Shankar D Mishra.

N.B. To get free English coaching for this session from Dr. S. D Mishra, the students of Std. 7, 8 and 9 can contact at the following numbers: 8270604524/8249297412.

 

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