Saturday, 29 May 2021

FUN WITH ENGLISH GRAMMAR

 








1. i. a. A woman, without her man, is nothing!

b. A woman! Without her, man is nothing.

ii. a. Let's eat, our dear friends.

b. Let's eat our dear friends.

iii. a.  We paid twenty-five dollars. ( 25×75 =1875)

b. We paid twenty five-dollars. (20 × 5 = 100 × 75 = 7500)

iv. a. I am sorry I can't help you. (Feeling sad for my inability to help you)

b. I am sorry; I can't help you. (My refusal to help you)

v. a. Have you seen the man eating chicken?

b. Have you seen the man-eating chicken?

vi. a. I bought a hot-water bottle.

b. I used a hot water bottle on my swollen parts.

vii. a. This is a girl's hostel.

b. This is a girls' hostel.

viii. a. I draw pleasure in cooking, and selling, my friends.

b. I draw pleasure in cooking and selling my friends.

ix. a. I would like to thank my parents, Shubhra and Divya.

b. I would like to thank my parents, Shubhra, and Divya.

x. a. A Merry Christmas from the Patnaik's!

b. A Merry Christmas from the Patnaiks!

xi. a. I want to re-cover my sofa.

b. I want to recover my sofa.

xii. I saw a snake trekking, and some boys.

b. I saw a snake, and some boys trekking.

xiii. a. What are you Ram?

b. What! Are you Ram?

xiv. a. Why did the tiger devour the protagonist Mr. Chand?

b. Why did the tiger devour the protagonist, Mr. Chand?

Xiv. a. I can.

b. I can!

2.i. a. I would if I could.

b. I could if I would.

ii. a. I am going to come.

b. I am coming to go.

iii. a. I came to meet you.

b. I am glad to meet you. (While meeting)

c. I am glad to have met you.(While departing)

iv. a. He studies hard.

b. He hardly studies.

v.a. The P.M will tell the students shortly how to prepare for the Exams.

b. The P.M will tell the students briefly how to prepare for the Exams.

vi.a. I have drawn this picture.

b. I have this picture drawn.

vii. a. I am to solve these questions. (Already decided/arranged)

b. I  have to solve these questions. (Compelled)

viii.a. You have come late.

b. You have come lately.

ix.a. He goes to school daily.

b. He goes to the school daily.

x.a. She left for the office direct. (With no stop on the way)

b. She left for the office directly. (Immediately)

xi. a. He is only handsome.

b. Only he is handsome.

xii.a. X thinks little of Y.

b. X little thinks of Y.

xiii.a. He lost his only mobile.

b. He lost his mobile only.

c. Only he lost his mobile.

xiv. a. He seems to be rich.

b. He seems to have been rich.

xv.a. Who is she?

b. What is she?

c. Which is she?

xvi.a Is he going to watch the match?

b. Is he coming to watch the match?

xvii.a. Esha is the greatest poet.

b. Esha is the greatest poetess.

xviii.a. He shut the door upon his friend.

b. He shut the door against his enemy.

xix.a. She was a very charming girl.

b. She was a most charming girl.

c. She was the most charming girl.

d. She was too charming a girl.

xx.a. Today's class was of the first importance.

b.Today's class was of the last importance.

c. Today's class was of the least importance.

3. i. a. We saw a dead lion playing.

b. While playing, we saw a dead lion.

ii. a. Having bitten the child, the man killed the snake.

b. The snake having bitten the child, the man killed it.

iii. a. Running through the jungle, a lion leaped towards him.

b. While he was running through the jungle, a lion leaped towards him.

4. i. a. I, who is a great cricketer, lives in Mumbai.

b. I, who am a great cricketer, live in Mumbai.

ii. a. You, who is one of my best friends, has stood first in the Board Exams.

b. You, who are one of my best friends, have stood first in the Board Exams.

iii. a. This is not such a sweet mango which I had expected to be.

b. This is not such a sweet mango as/that I had expected to be.

iv. a. I was reading Tagore's poems, who was a great poet.

b. I was reading the poems of Tagore, who was a great poet.

v. a. The front chairs have been occupied by some ladies, that/which were reserved for the media persons.

b. Some ladies have occupied the front chairs , that were reserved for the media persons.

vi. a. All which glitters are not gold.

b. All, that glitters, is not gold.

vii. a. Something, which is spoken by the parents, is always worth listening.

b. Something, that is spoken by the parents, is always worth listening.

viii. a. What are you say!

b.What are you say?

5. i. a. You are so good as my friend.

b. You are as good as my friend.

Or, You are not so good as my friend.

ii. a. No batsman was as famous as Sachin.

b. No other batsman was as famous as Sachin.

iii. a. He plays better than me.

b. He plays better than I (do).

iv. a. Lata Mangeshkar is one of the sweetest singer the world has ever heard.

b. Lata Mangeshkar is one of the sweetest singers the world has ever heard.

v. a. This is the easiest sum I have never worked out.

b. This is the easiest sum I have ever worked out.

vi. a. Manisha is prettier than any girl in our college.

b. Manisha is prettier than any other girl in our college.

vii.a. Shylock was crueler than any other Jew.

b. Shylock was crueler than any Jew.

6. i. a I am as well as you are invited to the party.

b. I am as well as you am invited to the party.

ii.a. Neither of you are correct.

b. Neither of you is correct.

iii. a. Neither of the two was correct.

b. Neither of the three was correct.





















Thursday, 27 May 2021

MONDELA'S CONCEPT OF A CHILD'S FREEDOM


MONDELA'S CONCEPT OF A CHILD'S 

FREEDOM

Every child has an appetite to be suckled its Mother's sweet, panacean Milk,

It has a hunger to relish green vegetables; ripe, succulent fruit and rich food, 

It has a desire to live in a cosy, well-furnished house; and wear satin or silk,

And, it has an aspiration to be given equal importance, and like others, to look good!

Every child has an inclination to leap in the pure dust of its holy country street,

It has a longing to splash gleefully the moving water at sunset on the golden shore,

It has an impulse to run with a dancing kite in the reaped corn fields with joy galore,

It has a craving to pluck wild nuts in the thick bushes chasing the butterflies that flit!

Every child pines for a right to be pampered by its grand parents, and told varied tales,

It yearns for a freedom to pray to the gods of its sole belief, and pursue a job of its choice,

It is eager for an free and fair access to elect its leaders who will never stifle its voice,

It looks for a liberty to wed someone with whom it feels confident to win life's Race!

Thus, until and unless a child enjoys its much beloved wishes, no country is free,

And, 'Freedom - a Modern Misnomer.' that everyone must heartily with me agree!

Misnomer - a wrong name

Copyright: Shankar D Mishra 27.05.21


*ଦୁଇଟି ସତ୍ୟ ଘଟଣା, ଯାହାକୁ ପଢ଼ିଲେ ଆପଣ ମଧ୍ୟ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଜୀବନ ଜୀଇଁ ବାର ପଥ ବଦଳେଇବାକୁ ଚାହିଁବେ !*


*ପ୍ରଥମ*- 


*ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ଆଫ୍ରିକାର ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରପତି ହେବା ପରେ ଦିନେ ନେଲସନ ମଣ୍ଡେଲା ନିଜର ସୁରକ୍ଷା କର୍ମୀଙ୍କ ସହିତ ସହରରେ ଥିବା ଏକ ଜଳଖିଆ ଦୋକାନକୁ ଖାଇବା ପାଇଁ ଗଲେ। ସମସ୍ତେ ନିଜ ନିଜର ପସନ୍ଦ ଖାଦ୍ୟ ଅର୍ଡର କଲେ ଏବଂ ଖାଇବା ପାଇଁ ଅପେକ୍ଷା କଲେ। ସେହି ସମୟରେ ମାଣ୍ଡେଲା ଙ୍କ ସିଟ୍ ସାମ୍ନାରେ ଜଣେ ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଖାଇବା ଅପେକ୍ଷାରେ ବସିଥାନ୍ତି। ମାଣ୍ଡେଲା ନିଜର ସୁରକ୍ଷା କର୍ମୀଙ୍କୁ କହିଲେ, ସେହି ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଙ୍କୁ ମଧ୍ୟ ଆମ ଟେବୁଲକୁ ଡ଼ାକ। ଏହିପରି ହିଁ ହେଲା। ଖାଦ୍ୟ ପରସା ହେଲା ପରେ ସମସ୍ତେ ଖାଇବାକୁ ଲାଗିଲେ। କିନ୍ତୁ ସେହି ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଖାଇବା ସମୟରେ ତାଙ୍କର ହାତ ବହୁତ ଥରୁଥିଲା ଦେଖିବାକୁ ମିଳିଲା। ଖାଇବା ସାରି ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଜଣକ ମୁଣ୍ଡ ଝୁକାଇ ରେସ୍ତୋରାଁ ରୁ ଚାଲିଗଲେ। ସେ ଲୋକ ଚାଲିଯିବା ପରେ ସୁରକ୍ଷା କର୍ମୀମାନେ ମାଣ୍ଡେଲା ଙ୍କୁ କହିଲେ, ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ଜଣକ ବହୁତ ବିମାରୀ ଥିଲେ, ଯାହା ଫଳରେ ଖାଇବା ସମୟରେ ତାଙ୍କର ହାତ ଲଗାତାର କଂପି ଉଠୁଥିଲା, ଆଉ ସେ ନିଜେ ମଧ୍ୟ ଥରୁଥିଲେ। ମାଣ୍ଡେଲା କହିଲେ, ନାଁ ପ୍ରକୃତରେ ଏପରି ନୁହେଁ। ଏହି ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ସେହି ଜେଲ୍ ର ଜେଲର ଥିଲେ, ଯେଉଁଠି ମୋତେ ବନ୍ଦି କରି ରଖାଯାଇଥିଲା। ଯେତେବେଳେ ମୋତେ ପୀଡ଼ା ଯାତନା ଦିଆଯାଇଥିଲା,ଆଉ ମୁଁ ବିକଳରେ ପାଣି ମାଗୁଥିଲି, ସେତେବେଳେ ଏହି ବ୍ୟକ୍ତି ମୋ ଉପରେ ପରିସ୍ରା କରୁଥିଲା।*


*ନେଲସନ ମଣ୍ଡେଲା କହିଲେ, ମୁଁ ଏବେ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରପତି ହୋଇଯାଇଛି, ସେ ଭାବିଲା ବୋଧହୁଏ ମୁଁ ତା' ସହିତ ସେପରି ବ୍ୟବହାର କରିବି। କିନ୍ତୁ ମୋର ଚରିତ୍ର ସେପରି ନୁହେଁ। ମୋତେ ଲାଗୁଛି, ପ୍ରତିଶୋଧ ପରାୟଣ ଭାବନାରେ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କଲେ ତାହା ବିନାଶ ଆଡ଼କୁ ନେଇଯାଇଥାଏ,, କିନ୍ତୁ ସେହିଠାରେ ଧର୍ଯ୍ୟ ଏବଂ ସହିଷ୍ଣୁତାର ମାନସିକତା ଆମକୁ ବିକାଶ ଆଡ଼କୁ ନେଇଯାଇଥାଏ।*


*ଦ୍ଵୀତୀୟ-*


*ମୁମ୍ବାଇରୁ ବାଙ୍ଗାଲୋର ଯାଉଥିବା ଟ୍ରେନ ରେ ଯାତ୍ରା କରୁଥିବା ସମୟରେ T C ଟିକେଟ ଚେକ୍ କରୁଥିବା ସମୟରେ ସିଟ୍ ତଳେ ଲୁଚିରହିଥିବା ଜଣେ ୧୩/୧୪ ବର୍ଷର ଝିଅକୁ ଦେଖିଲେ, ଏବଂ ତାକୁ କହିଲେ-*


*TC- ଟିକେଟଦେଖାଅ ?*

*ଭୟରେ ଥରୁଥିବା ଝିଅ- ନାହିଁ ସାହେବ୍।*

*TC- ତେବେ ଗାଡ଼ିରୁ ଓହ୍ଲେଇ ଯା...*


*ତା'ର ଟିକେଟର ମୂଲ୍ୟ ମୁଁ ଦେଉଛି... ପଛରେ ବସିଥିବା ଜଣେ ସହଯାତ୍ରୀ ଊଷା ଭଟ୍ଟାଚାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କହିଲେ। ଯିଏ ପେଶାରେ ଜଣେ ପ୍ରଫେସର ଥିଲେ।*


*ଉଷା ଦେବୀ- ତୁମେ କେଉଁଠିକୁ ଯିବ?*

*ସେ ଝିଅ- ଜାଣି ନାହିଁ ମାମ୍।*

*ଉଷା ଦେବୀ- ତେବେ ମୋ ସହିତ ବାଙ୍ଗାଲୋର ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଚାଲ।*

*ଉଷା ଦେବୀ- ତୁମ ନାଁ କ'ଣ?*

*ଝିଅ- ଚିତ୍ରା*


*ବାଙ୍ଗାଲୋର ପହଞ୍ଚିବା ପରେ ଉଷା ଦେବୀ ନିଜର ଜଣାଶୁଣା ଏକ ସ୍ବୟଂ ସେବୀ ସଂସ୍ଥା ରେ ରଖିଦେଲେ। ଏବଂ ଏକ ବଡ଼ ସ୍କୁଲ ରେ ଆଡ଼ମିଶନ କରାଇ ଦେଲେ। ଏହା ପରେ ଉଷା ଦେବୀ ଙ୍କର ଦିଲ୍ଲୀ ଟ୍ରାସଫର୍ ହୋଇ ଗଲା। ଯେଉଁଥିପାଇଁ ଚିତ୍ରା ସହିତ ସଂପର୍କ ମଧ୍ୟ ଦୂରେଇ ଗଲା, କିନ୍ତୁ ମଝିରେ ମଝିରେ ଫୋନ୍ ରେ କଥା ହୁଅନ୍ତି।*


*ପାଖାପାଖି ୧୨ ବର୍ଷ ପରେ ଉଷା ଦେବୀଙ୍କୁ ଏକ ଲେକଚର୍ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟକ୍ରମ ରେ ଫ୍ରାନ୍ସିସ୍କୋ, ଆମେରିକା ନିମନ୍ତ୍ରଣ କରାଯାଇଥିଲା। ଲେକଚର୍ କାର୍ଯ୍ୟ କ୍ରମ ପରେ ସେ ଯେତେବେଳେ ହୋଟେଲ ରେ ବିଲ୍ ପୈଠ କରିବା ପାଇଁ ରିସେପସନ୍ କୁ ଗଲେ,ଜଣା ପଡ଼ିଲା ଯେ ପଛରେ ଠିଆ ହୋଇଥିବା ଏକ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଦମ୍ପତ୍ତି ପୂର୍ବରୁ ସେ ବିଲ୍ ପୈଠ କରି ସାରିଛନ୍ତି।*


*ତୁମେ ମୋର ବିଲ୍ କାହିଁକି ପୈଠ କଲ?*

*ମ୍ୟାମ୍ ଏହା ବାଙ୍ଗାଲୋର ରୁ ମୁମ୍ବାଇ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ଟ୍ରେନ ଟିକେଟ ସାମ୍ନାରେ କିଛି ବି ନୁହେଁ।*


*ଉଷା ଦେବୀ- ଆରେ ଚିତ୍ରା...*


*ଚିତ୍ରା ଆଉ କେହି ନଥିଲା , ସେ ଇମ୍ଫୋସିସ୍ ଫାଉଣ୍ଡେସନର ଚେୟାରମେନ ସୁଦ୍ଧା ମୂର୍ତ୍ତି ଥିଲେ,ଯିଏ କି ଇମ୍ଫୋସିସ୍ ର ସଂସ୍ଥାପକ ଶ୍ରୀ ନାରାୟଣ ମୂର୍ତ୍ତି ଙ୍କର ଧର୍ମ ପତ୍ନୀ।*


*ଏହି ଲଘୁକଥା ଟି ତାଙ୍କ ଦ୍ଵାରା ଲେଖାଯାଇଥିବା ପୁସ୍ତକ"The day I stand drinking milk" ରୁ ଉଦ୍ଧାର କରାଯାଇଛି।*


*କେବେ କେବେ ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଦ୍ଵାରା କାହାକୁ କରାଯାଇଥିବା କିଛି ସହାୟତା,କାହାର ଜୀବନ ବଦଳେଇ ଦେଇପାରେ। ଯଦି ଜୀବନରେ କିଛି ଅର୍ଜନ କରିବାର ଅଛି ତ ପୁଣ୍ୟ ଅର୍ଜିତ କର, କାହିଁକି ନା ଏହା ହିଁ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ମାତ୍ର ମାର୍ଗ ଯାହା ମୋକ୍ଷ ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ ନେଇ ଯାଉଥାଏ...*


*ସର୍ବଦା ପ୍ରସନ୍ନ ରୁହନ୍ତୁ ଏବଂ ମନେ ରଖନ୍ତୁ- ଯାହା ପ୍ରାପ୍ତ ଅଟେ ତାହା ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାପ୍ତ ଅଟେ। ଯାହାର ମନ ମସ୍ତ ଅଟେ ତାହା ପାଖରେ ସମସ୍ତ ଅଟେ*


*🌹*

N.B Coincidentally I received a whatsapp message on Nelson Mandela the very next day, i.e today just after I composed the poem on him a day after, i.e yesterday, 27.5.21


Tuesday, 18 May 2021

PAGE 202 to 250, SDM'S KEY TO B. N. ACHARYA'S STRUCTURAL APPROACH TO TRANSLATION, BOOK -2

 




PAGE 202 to 251



Page 202/203 EXERCISE: (XX)

Morning approached. /The day dawned.

The street lights were switched off.

Having got up from the bed, Madhu finished his morning chores/duty.

He had to set out for Kolkata that day.

Having had his tiffin, he put on dress.

At this time his teacher sent for him.

He said, “Madhu, you will carry out my orders.

You will always take care of your health.

If ever you fall ill, you will immediately call in a doctor.

I am waiting for you till you come.”

Madhu came back from the teacher.

Then, she set out for Kolkota with her friends.

 

Page 203  

 MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES (1)


There was a king in a country.

Once having called his minister he said, “O Minister, I will go to hunt tomorrow.

Order the soldiers to go with me.

The minister replied, “O great King, there are many tigers and elephants in our jungle.

So, you should not go to the jungle.

Let the soldiers go to the jungle.

Having killed a deer, they will bring here for you.”

Having heard this, the king said, “Let it be so.

I need not go.

But, let no one call me a coward for that.”

 

Page 204 (2)


The Sikhs live in Punjab.

They are very brave and hard working.

They love to work the whole day long, and they eat milk and bread.

We should work hard like them.

There are many big shops in Punjab.

The lands are very fertile there.

The farmers grow three crops there.

So, they live happily.

Wheat and milk is better than rice and dal.

They eat wheat and milk more.

Hence, the Punjabis are stronger.

 

Page 204/205 (3)


There is a river a mile away from our village.

There was a crocodile living in that river.

Or, A crocodile living in that river.

Or, There lived a crocodile in that river.

There was a monkey in a mango tree on the bank of the river.

The monkey and crocodile were friends.

The monkey used to give ripe mangoes to the crocodile to eat.

Having eaten those sweet mangoes the crocodile lived happily.

One day the crocodile thought,  "This monkey is eating sweet mangoes everyday.

So its flesh must have been very sweet.

I will try to kill it today."

Having thought this he went to the monkey.

However, the monkey was more intelligent than the crocodile.

Having seen the crocodile coming towards him, he ran away from there/ from that place.


Page: 205/206 (4)


A gentleman had four sons.

They used to quarrel/fall out among themselves.

Having noticed this he felt so sad, and thought of a plan.

He had a faithful servant named Madana.

He asked him to bring a bundle/faggot of sticks.

Having brought the bundle Madana placed/put it down.

He ordered his sons to break the bundle.

Having got the orders of their father, all the sons tried to break the bundle.

But, no one could break the bundle.

Having seen that the gentleman said to his sons, "See, if you live together no enemy can do you any harm."

Page: 206/207 (5)


Rana Pratap was a great hero.

He fought with Akbar for a long period of time.

Though Akbar had taken away his kingdom, he could not control him.

He had a horse named Chaitak.

Once while running away from the battlefield of Haldighat, Chaitak fell down and died.

The soldiers of Akbar ran after Rana.

Pratap could not decide what to do.

At this time another person reached there.

He was Pratap's brother.

He gave Pratap his horse.

Have fled the place Rana saved his life.

Page: 207 (6)


The cow is a four-footed/quadruped domestic animal.

She gives us cheese, butter and curd from milk.

The poor people use the cow dung as fuel.

But, this is a good manure.

The cow is an intimate friend of the farmers.

In the past the Hindus were worshipping the cow as God.

But, we don't know how to take care of the cow.

So, the cows of Odisha do not give milk well.

We should look upon the cow as our best wealth.

Page: 208 (7)

Water is our life. 

We cannot live at all without water.

We take bath with water as well as drink it.

The trees and the creepers always depend upon water.

So God has kept (stored) water everywhere for us.

This water comes from the rain.

When it rains, the ponds, pools, rivers and drains get filled with water.

At that time we drink much water.

In rainy season the water of the rivers and the ponds gets muddy, however in autumn water becomes clear everywhere.

Page: 209 (8)

Have you ever seen a ghost?

Perhaps none of you have ever seen a ghost, but you have surely heard a lot of ghost stories.

Many people are very much afraid/scared of ghosts.

That is not at all right.

Some say that there are no ghosts at all.

Some say that ghosts do not inhabit the residences of men.

And some others think that the world is full of ghosts.

Then which view is right?

Thus, do follow me. Or, Thus, listen to my advice.

Don't get frightened/scared having heard the ghost stories/having heard the stories about ghosts.

Page: 210 (9)

It good to talk less.

One should not talk much.

Mad men always talk.

We waste a lot of energy by talking much unnecessarily.

Gandhiji used to maintain/observe silence every Sunday.

The strength/power of the mind increases/ grows by silence.

So, instead of talking one should sit silently for a while/ for some time.

In the ancient times the Rishis loved to sit in silence in lonely places.

So their ashrams were away from the noise of men.

But, now a days no place is calm and quiet.

At present, even if you wish, it is difficult to sit in silence.

Page: 212

The boy is intelligent.

Dillip Tirki is a popular Hockey player.

The Chinese are very industrious.

The tree provide us with oxygen.

The cow lives on grass.

Giving/To give advice is easy.

The horses are grazing in the field.

Indrani is a Classical singer.

I have not cooked for you.

Can you guess the answer?

Page 212

Wind blows.

Ram plays cricket.

Sita sings well.

We should obey our parents.

It has been raining for two hours.

The jungles of Odisha are filled with elephants.

A little girl is walking along the road.

The curry smells bad.

Iron is a heavy metal.

Gandhi is called the father of the Nation.

 

Page 213

What is the problem?

The bell is ringing./ There goes the bell.

The kite flew up.

What are you doing? / What are you?

How tall the building is?

How is your son studying? /How is your son faring in his studies?

Have you seen Konark?

Who is the Headmaster?

What happened?

What brings you here?

Why are you worried?

Is your brother a lawyer?

Why are you laughing? What makes you laugh?

 

Page 214

Please listen.

Keep quiet. / Maintain silence.

Don’t disturb.

Don’t go there.

Book the ticket in advance.

Put out the light.

How foolish!

Please give a cup of tea.

How tall the building is!

What a nice book!

Post the letter.

Refer to the dictionary.

Please help me.

Drive him away.

How clever he is! 

,............ 19.8.23

Page 223

1. ଲୁସି କେତେ ସୁନ୍ଦର ନାଚୁଛି । 2. କେଡ଼େ ଚତୁର ବାଳକ ସେ ! 3. ସମୟ କେଡ଼େ ଚଞ୍ଚଳ ଯାଉଛି ! 4. କେଡ଼େ ସୁନ୍ଦର ଗାୟକ ସେ ! 5. ଲୁଣ ବଢ଼େଇ ଦିଅ । 6. ଦୟାକରି ଆଉ କପେ ଚା’ ନିଅନ୍ତୁ । 7. ଆମ ପ୍ରତି ଦୟା କର । 8. ଚାଲ, ବୁଲିବାକୁ ଯିବା । 9. ତୁମ ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ କେଉଁଠି ରହନ୍ତି ? 10. ମିରା କାହିଁକି ଅନେକ ଦିନ ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟରେ ଅନୁପସ୍ଥିତ ଥୁଲା ? 11. କମଳା ଭଲ ଗୀତ ବୋଲେ କି ? 12. ତୁମ ଜେଜେ ମାଂସ ଖାଆନ୍ତି କି ? 13. ମିତାଲିର ଛୋଟ ଛୋଟ କେଶ ଅଛି । 14. ତା’ ଆଖ୍ ଦୁଇଟି ନୀଳ । 15. ବୃଦ୍ଧ ଦମ୍ପତ୍ତି ସର୍ବଦା ଖୁସି ।

1. How beautifully Lucy dances! 2. What a clever/witty boy he is! 3. How fast time moves! 4. What a wonderful singer he is! 5. Do pass the salt. 6. Please have one more cup of tea. 7. Be kind to us. 8. Let's go for an outing. 9. Where does your Headmaster live? 10. Why had Meera been absent from school for a long time? 11. Does Kamala sing well? 12. Does your Grandfather eat meat? 13. Mitali has short hair. 14. Both of her eyes are blue. 15. The old couple are always happy.

Page 226

ମୁଁ ଜଣେ ଛାତ୍ର । ମୁଁ ଅଲଣାହାଟ ହାଇସ୍କୁଲର ନବମ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ପଡ଼େ । ମୋ ଭାଇ ଅନିଲ୍ । ତା’ର ଏକ ସାଇକେଲ ଅଛି । କିନ୍ତୁ ତା’ ସାଙ୍ଗର ନାହିଁ । ମୁଁ ମୋ ଘରପଢ଼ା ପ୍ରତିଦିନ କରେ, କିନ୍ତୁ ସେ ନିୟମିତ କରେ ନାହିଁ । ସେ ଖେଳକୁଦରେ ଦକ୍ଷ । ତୁମେ ତା'କୁ ଜାଣ କି ? 

I am a student. I study in class IX in Alanahat High school. My brother is Anil. He has got a cycle. But, his friend hasn't. I always do my homework, but he doesn't do it regularly. He is skilled at sports and games. Do you know him?

Page 226/227

ମଧୁ – ତୁମେ ଆଜି ଛାତ୍ରାବାସ ଛାଡୁଛ କି?

ରାଜୁ – ହଁ, ଆଜି ମୋ ଛାଡ଼ିବା ଦିନ ।

ମଧୁ – ତୁମ ଗାଁରେ ପହଞ୍ଚିବାକୁ ତୁମକୁ କେତେ ସମୟ ଲାଗିବ?

ତୁମ ଗାଁ ନାମ କ’ଣ ?

 ରାଜୁ – ମୁଁ ଜାଣେ ନାହିଁ ମୁଁ କେତେବେଳେ ପହଞ୍ଚିବି । ଆମ ଗାଁ ନା ଗାରୋହି । ବସ୍ ପହଞ୍ଚିବା ସମୟ ଠିକ୍ ନୁହେଁ ।

Are you leaving hostel today? Yes, today is the day of my departure. How long will it take to reach your village ? Where are you from ? I don't know when to arrive. I am from Garohi. There is no fixed time for the bus to arrive.

Page 227

ସେ ଆସନ୍ତାକାଲି ଘରକୁ ଯିବ । ଓଟ ଓଜନିଆ ବୋଝ ବୋହିପାରେ । ସ୍ତ୍ରୀଲୋକଟି ଝାଡୁରେ ଘର ପହଁରୁଥିଲା । ମୁଁ କେବେ କୋଲକାତା ଯାଇନାହିଁ । ତୁମେ କେବେ କାଶ୍ମୀର ଯାଇଛ କି ? ବିଦ୍ୟାଳୟକୁ ଠିକ୍ ସମୟରେ ଯିବା ଉଚିତ୍ । ସେ ପିଲାବେଳେ ଭଲ ଗୀତ ବୋଲୁଥିଲା । ଆମେ ଆମ ବାପମାଙ୍କ କଥା ମାନିବା ଉଚିତ୍‌ । ତୁମେ ଏକଥା କହିବାକୁ କିପରି ସାହସ କରୁଛ ? ଆମେ ଆମ କର୍ତ୍ତବ୍ୟ କରିବା । ସେ ଆମଙ୍କୁ ଚାହିଁ ହସୁଥିବ । ଆମ ଶ୍ରେଣୀ କୋଠାରୀ କାଲି ସୁଦ୍ଧା ପରିଷ୍କାର ହୋଇଥବ। 


Hints : ମୁଁ ଘରକୁ ଯିବି – I am going home tomorrow, ଓଟ – The camel, ବହିପାରେ – can carry, ଓଜନିଆ ବୋଝ – heavy load, ଝାଡ଼ୁ – broom, ପହଁରୁଥିଲା – — was sweeping, କେବେ ଯାଇନାହିଁ – ମୁଁ have never been, ତୁମେ କେବେ ଯାଇଛି ? – Have you ever been ?, ଯିବା ଉଚିତ — should go, ମାନିବା ଉଚିତ – should obey, ତୁମେ ଏକଥା କହିବାକୁ କିପରି ସାହସ କରୁଛ ? – How dare you say ୫୦ ?, ଆମେ ଆମ କର୍ତ୍ତବ୍ୟ କରିବା – We must do our duty, ସେ ଆମଙ୍କୁ ଚାହିଁ – She could have been laughing at us,

ଆମ ଶ୍ରେଣୀ କୋଠରୀ କାଲି ସୁଦ୍ଧା ପରିଷ୍କାର ହୋଇଥିବ room will have been cleaned by tomorrow. Our class- ଅନୁବାଦ କର


-


ଅନିଲ ଓ ଚିନୁ ଦ୍ରୁତ ଗତିରେ ଦୌଡ଼ନ୍ତି; କିନ୍ତୁ ବୀଣା ନୁହେଁ । କାହାର ଲମ୍ବା ବାଳ ଅଛି ? ବୀଣାର ଲମ୍ବା ବାଳ ଅଛି । କିଏ ପୋଖରୀରେ ପହଁରନ୍ତି ? ଅନିଲ ଓ ଚିନୁ ପୋଖରୀରେ ପହଁରନ୍ତି; କିନ୍ତୁ ବୀଣା ନୁହେଁ । କିଏ ସହରରେ ଜନ୍ମ ହୋଇଥିଲା ? ଅନିଲ ଓ ବୀଣା ସହରରେ ଜନ୍ମ ହୋଇଥିଲେ; କିନ୍ତୁ ଚିନ୍ହ ନୁହେଁ । କେଉଁମାନଙ୍କର ଅଧିକ ସାଙ୍ଗ ଅଛନ୍ତି ? ବୀଣା ଓ ଚିନୁର ଅଧିକ ସାଙ୍ଗ ଅଛନ୍ତି; କିନ୍ତୁ ଅନିଲର ନୁହେଁ । କିଏ ମଟରସାଇକେଲ ଚଢ଼େ ? ଅନିଲ୍ ମଟରସାଇକେଲ ଚଢ଼େ; କିନ୍ତୁ ବୀଣା ଓ ଚିନୁ ନୁହନ୍ତି ।


ମୁଁ ବିବେକକୁ ଦିନସାରା ଦେଖୁନାହିଁ । ସେ ଏଠାକୁ ସକାଳୁ ଆସିନାହିଁ । ଗାଈ ଘାସ ଖାଏ । ଗୋରୁ ଘାସ ଖାଆନ୍ତି । ଶିକ୍ଷକ ଓ ଛାତ୍ରମାନେ ଶ୍ରେଣୀ କୋଠାରୀରେ । ଶିକ୍ଷକ ପଢ଼ାଉଛନ୍ତି । ମୁଁ ଶ୍ରେଣୀରେ ମନଯୋଗୀ । ପ୍ରଧାନଶିକ୍ଷକ ଶିକ୍ଷକମାନଙ୍କ ସଭାରେ ସଭାପତିତ୍ବ କରୁଛନ୍ତି । ମୁଁ ତାଙ୍କୁ ମୋଟେ ଜାଣି ନାହିଁ ।


Hints:

1. Anil and Chinu run fast; but Bina doesn't.

2. Who has got long hair ? Bina has got.

3. Who swims in the pond? Anil and Chinu swim in the pond; but Bina doesn't.

4. Who was born in a city? Anil and Bina were born in a city; but Chinu wasn't.

5. Who have many friends ? Bina and Chinu have many friends; but Anil hasn't. 

6. Who rides a motor bike ? Anil rides a motor bike: but Bina and Chinu don't have.


ଦିନସାରା – throughout the day

ଦେଖୁନାହିଁ – have not seen

Copyright: Dr. Shankar D Mishra, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.


N. B. To read the rest of the translations written by B. N. Acharya, search on Google "SDM'S KEY TO STRUCTURAL APPROACH TO TRANSLATION, BOOK -1 or 2 or 3", and topic wise Grammar rules by Dr. Shankar D Mishra 

Please share the links to your friends and relatives to help them know all the answers of the translations at home. You can give your valuable suggestions and corrections for the inadvertently committed errors to me through my WhatsApp number 8270604524. Thank you. 🙏🌹❤️❤️

Sunday, 16 May 2021

ICSE EVERGREEN: COLD WITHIN

 


1.



2.

Online material
Extract I
Six humans trapped…….one was black.

1. Which figure of speech is used in the line ‘In bleak and bitter cold’? What special significance do the adjectives bleak and bitter have?

Alliteration, close repetition of consonant sound.

The adjectives bleak and bitter define the word cold. The coldness outside is comparable to the coldness within the hearts of these six characters as they are not warm or friendly with each other.

2. Who are the people referred to in the above extract? Why do they need logs?

The people referred to are six indifferent people, who are trapped together by chance in biting cold. They need logs so that they can renew the dying fire to prevent themselves from cold.

3. State how the following theme is connected with the theme of the poem:

Their dying fire in need of logs

Literally, it refers to the fire that is dying and needs to be kept alive with the use of a log. Metaphorically, it can be understood as the fire of compassion in their hearts that is dying. To keep it burning what they need is a log of wood, but they do not use it. Thus, by the end, each one of them dies from ‘the cold within’.

4. What does the first one hold back and why?

The first person holds back her log because she was guided by her racist attitude towards the black man. So she does not use log to prevent the black man from getting its warmth.

5. What character traits would you associate with ‘the first one’ and ‘the next man’? Why?

The first one can be said to be holding a racist attitude as she does not want to benefit the black man. The next man can be said to be a bigot who on seeing that one of the men in the group does not belong to his religion, prevents himself from using his log to renew the fire.
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Online material
white.




1. What is meant by ‘tattered clothes’? What does this expression symbolise? Why does the ‘third one’ gives his coat a hitch?



Tattered clothes refer to the torn clothes. This expression symbolises that the man, who was wearing them was poor and had little money to cover himself in extreme cold.



The poor man does not intend to use his log to renew the fire and thus to protect himself from biting cold, the pulled up his coat to feel a little warm.



2. The ‘third one’ doesn’t want to use his log to warm the rich. Why?



The ‘third one’ is a poor man and is envious of the rich man. He is prejudiced and thus does not put his log to use.



3. What thoughts preoccupy the rich man’s mind? What does it say about him?



The thoughts of keeping his wealth safe from the lazy poor man preoccupied the rich man’s mind. It reflects his class bias.



4. What prejudice the black man has and for whom?



The black man is filled with revenge for the white ma. Based on colour of the skin, he considers the white man different from himself.



5. Explain the following lines:



For all he saw in his stick of wood



Was a chance to spite the white



The lines refer to the black man, who was filled with revenge for the white man. Therefore, to harm the white man he does not put his log to use. Making the white man suffer in cold was his only chance to get his revenge.



 


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Online material

The last man of this forlorn………….from the cold within.




1. Explain the phrase ‘forlorn group.’ Which figure of speech is used here?



The phrase ‘forlorn group’ is an example of oxymoron i.e., a pair of contradictory terms. This phrase is ironical as it refers to these six people, who were sitting together in a group and were sad and lonely.



2. What game is the poet referring to while mentioning the last man of the group?



The selfish game of give and take that the last man employs-since anyone else does not offer his log to renew the fire, he also steps back.



3. What ‘proof of human sin’ is being referred to here? Explain.



All the six people died with their logs tightly clutched in their hands. Their indifference, animosity, discrimination invited death. This ‘proof of human sin’ is referred here.



4. The poet says that the characters ‘died from the cold within.’ What does he mean?



The title of the poem The Cold Within is symbolic of lack of warmth and compassion in human beings. Six human beings are caught against their will in ‘bleak and bitter cold,’ but none of them uses the wooden stick each one has , due to racism, envy, arrogance, revenge and greed. They are so cold from inside that they do not realise that by not helping others, they themselves will perish. Their cold heartedness invites death in the end and they die with their logs held tight in their hands.



5. What message is the poet trying to convey in the poem? How does he succeed in carrying out his task?



The message that the poet tries to give is that discriminatory attitude and hatred that humans have against one another on the basis of race, class and religion is futile. It is self-destructive.




The poem projects discrimination based on race, class and religion by narrating the story of six individuals who are caught together by chance in extreme cold. The people in the poem are from different backgrounds and religions. Owing to their prejudices against one another, it becomes difficult for them to put their stick into the fire. The discrimination, racism and bigotry proves futile as none of the six people stay alive at the end. Each perishes, not because of the cold outside but of the cold heartedness within each. 

More online support

Question 1.
Six humans ...... was black.

Explain with reference to context

Answer:
These lines are from the poem, ‘The Cold Within’ written by James Kinney. The poem touches on how each of the people around the fire died because of the “Cold Within,” and because of their inability to accept each other. It so happened that due to an accidental or arranged event they were together on that bitterly cold night. However, they were not together willingly. Each had a stick and even if one would give his stick to keep the dying fire going they would have survived. But the first man did not give his stick due to racial prejudice as he notice that one amongst them was black. It was not the cold weather that killed them but the frigidity of their hearts led to their deaths.

Question 2.
What does happenstance mean?
Answer:
Happenstance means an event that might have been arranged although it is accidental.


 
Question 3.
Why does the poet use this diction?
Answer:
This use of diction is important because by saying that it is accidental, yet almost seems ,arranged, it gives the reader a sense that they are supposed to be there.

Question 4.
What is suggested by the use of the word trapped?
Answer:
The word trapped suggests that they do not want to be in the situation, but they cannot escape.

Question 5.
Explain the symbolism used by the poet.
Answer:
The poet uses symbolism to show that it was the coldness of their hearts which extinguished the fire of life. Fire, which symbolized hope and acceptance, might have saved the , characters but they refused to shun their prejudices and let it die thus sealing their wn doom.

Question 6.
What do the logs denote?
Answer:
The logs symbolize each character and how they “couldn’t bring [themselves] to give the fire” their wood in order to save all of them.

Question 7.
Which sin is hinted at in these lines?
Answer:
The sin of racial discrimination is hinted at. The first man does not give his stick because he does not want to save a black mart.

Question 8.
What does the phrase ‘six humans’ signify?
Answer:
By saying “six humans”, it is almost as if he is talking about all humans. If he would have said “people” then we might have different associations with the words.

Question 1.

The next man ...... shiftless poor

Explain with reference to context

Answer:

These lines are from the poem, ‘The Cold Within’ written by James Kinney. The poem touches on how each of the people around the fire died because of the “Cold Within,” and because of their inability to accept each other. The second man mentioned in these lines is a bigot and does not want to help the man who was not from his religion. The poor man did not want to help the idle rich while the rich man wanted to keep his wealth from the poor. They are consumed by the negativity of intolerance, envy and bitterness.

Question 2.
In stanza 3, why did the man refuse to use his stick of wood?
Answer:
The man refuses to give up his stick because of religious intolerance as he sees a man not belonging to his church.

Question 3.
Why did “the third one” refuse to use his stick of wood?
Answer:
The third one was a poor man in torn clothes and he did not want to give his stick as he envied the rich man his wealth and did not want to save the idle rich.

Question 4.
Why did the rich man refuse to use his stick of wood?
Answer:
The rich man thought of hoarding his wealth and wanted to keep his great amount of money away from the undeserving, lazy poor people.

Question 1.

The black man's face ..... died from the cold within.
Explain with reference to context
Answer:
These lines are from the poem, The cold within’ written by James Kinney. The poet talks about the feeling of revenge in the heart of the black man which prevented him from giving his stick to keep the fire going because he wanted to take revenge from the white I man. The last man avoided giving his stick because none of the others had given theirs. The fire died and they too died of the cold, each a prisoner of the hate within, the coldness of their hearts which killed all of them. They all had sticks in their hands which they could f have given to keep the fire going but the hate in their hearts prevented them from helping others and so they too died on the alter of their frigidity and discrimination.
Question 2.
Why did the black man refuse to use his stick of wood?
Answer:
The black man saw his stick as a means to take revenge from the white man and so did not gove his stick.


 
Question 3.
What happened to the six humans? Why?
Answer:
The six humans died due to the cold. Their hatred for each other prevented them from giving up their sticks to keep the fire going and so they all died due to the cold. But actually it was the cold in their hearts which killed them.

Question 4.
What does this say about what prejudice can do to people and the importance of working together?
Answer:
Prejudice destroys not only our enemies but also us. The frigidness of people is what ends up killing them. This is important because this indirectly shows how fast arrogance, greed, and sin can “kill” us.

Question 5.
Analyse the title and whether it is appropriate.
Answer:
The Cold Within- is a good and appropriate expression. Cold-heartedness really is what killed the characters. This symbolizes their “coldness” and prejudices against each other. Eventually, this is what killed them.

Question 6.
Discuss personification as used by the poet.
Answer:
The use of personification is very artfully done. One line mentions “Death’s still hands,”suggesting that Death is a person who now essentially owns these six people.

Question 7.
Who are ‘they’ referred to here ? Where were they ?
Answer:
‘They’-refer to six men in a group.They were all caught in an extreme cold weather, sitting near a dying fire.

Question 8.
What were the logs in their hands ? What was their significance ?
Answer:
The logs in their hands were sticks of woods. These logs of woods needed to fuel the dying i fire, or these was no hope for their survival.


 
Question 9.
What was the obvious cause of their deaths ?
Answer:
The six men held their logs of wood back out of some prejudice. The fire died out, and they died of cold.

Question 10.
What do you mean by the ‘cold within’? How’it is responsible for their deaths?
Answer:
‘The cold within’ means the lack of warmth within,bom out of selfishness, greed, arrogance, etc. It is because of these negative feelings, ‘the cold within’, that they do not give up their sticks of wood which could have kept the fire burning and kept them alive.

Question 11.
What message does the poet want to convey ?
Answer:
According to the poet, the prejudice of race, religion or colour is sinful. We must rise above all prejudices to be kind, generous and helpful. We should not allow ourselves to be dictated by the ‘cold within’ which is self-destructive

Wednesday, 12 May 2021

Grammar Questions SIMPLE, COMPOUND AND COMPLEX Q's.

 


JOIN THE SENTENCES


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Answers: Page 1

1. After I had left home, he came.

Or, Before he came, I had left home.

2. When/After/As soon the weather improves, we shall go for a picnic.

3. When/ As my car broke down, I parked it on the road.

4. When/As I heard of your success, I was extremely happy.

Or, I am extremely happy to hear of your success.

Answers: Page 2

Page 2

1.He has learnt to cycle but he has yet to learn to swim.

Or, Though he has learnt to cycle, he

 has yet to learn to swim

Or, Despite having learnt to cycle, he has yet to learn to swim.

2. The child helped her mother to make breakfast as well as washed the tomatoes.

The child helped her mother to make breakfast by washing the tomatoes.

3. They brought a new car so that they could travel long distances.

Or, They brought a new car otherwise they could not travel long distances.

Or, Without buying a new car, they could not travel long distances.

Or, They brought a new car to travel long distances.

4. When/As soon as Sunita opened her purse, she found the money missing.

Or, Sunita opened her purse, and she found the money missing.

Page 3

1. He is good at gymnastics but/still/yet/ however his handwriting must improve.

Or, Though/Notwithstanding that he is good at gymnastics, his hand writing must improve.

Or, In spite of being good at gymnastics ,his handwriting must improve.

3. Her grandfather gifted her a paint box, for he knew she was good at art.

Or, Her grandfather knew that she was good at art, so he gifted her a paint box. 

Or, Her grandfather gifted her a paint box knowing that she was good at art.

3. Though/Although Ravi fractured his arm, he insisted on playing the match.

Or, Ravi fractured his arm, still/ however/nevertheless/ all the same he insisted on playing the match.

Or, In spite of/Despite fracturing his arm , Ravi insisted on playing the match.

4. Although Mona has been ill for a month, she stood first in the examination.

Or, Mona has been ill for a month still she stood first in the exam.

Or, Despite having been ill for a month Mona stood first in the examination.

Page 4

1. We had better get ready now otherwise we may not have time to reach to the airport.

Or, Unless get ready now otherwise we may not have time to reach to the airport.

Or, If we don't get ready now otherwise we may not have time to reach to the airport.

Or, Without getting ready now ,we may not have time to reach to the airport.

Or, We had better get ready now to reach the airport.

2. Mr.Liew has been sick ever since he came back from Japan.

3. The debating teams were very happy because both were declared joint-champions.

Or, The debating teams were very happy for both were declared joint-champions.

Or As both the debating teams were declared joint-champions, they were very happy.

Or, Both the debating teams were happy for being declared the joint champions.

4. As soon as he escaped from the prison, he looked for a place where he could hide.

Or, He escaped from the prison, and looked for a place where he could hide.

Or, After escaping from the prison, he looked for a place to hide.

Page 5

1. Though/ Even though he lived in the city for many years, he could not find his way about.

Or, Despite living in the city for many years, he could not find his way about.

Or, He lived in the city for many years, still he could not find his way about.

2. She complained about her brother's not know anything, still her brother claimed he knew everything.

Or,Although she complained about her brother did not know anything , he claimed he knew everything.

Or, In spite of her claiming of her brother's knowing nothing, her brother claimed to have known everything.

3. As the Coffee is not strong,it won't keep us awake.

Or, The coffee won't keep us awake because it is not strong.

Or, The coffee won't won't keep us awake, for it is not strong.

Or, The coffee is not strong enough to keep us awake.

Or, The coffee is not strong, so it can't keep us awake.

Page 6

1. Although the minister was wise the king did not trust him.

Or, The minister was wise but the king did not trust him.

Or,The king did not trust the wise minister.

In spite of the minister's being wise, the king did not trust him.

2. As soon as we reached the post the storm came on.

Or, After our reaching the port, the storm came on.

Or, We reached the port and the storm came on.

3. One should neither borrow nor lend money.

4.She will win the prize for she deserves it .

Or, She will win the prize because she deserves it .

She deserves to win the prize.

Page 7

1. Hurry up otherwise/or you'll surely be late.

Or, Unless you hurry up, you will surely be late.

If you don't hurry up, you will surely be late.

Or, Without hurrying up, you will surely be late.

Or, Hurry up not to surely be late.

2. The trekkers who got lost due to the heavy fog had also misplaced their map.

Or, The trekkers not only got lost due to the heavy fog they also misplaced their map.

Besides getting lost due to the heavy fog, the trekkers had also misplaced their map.

3. If she doesn't apologise he will not meet her again.

Or, Unless she apologizes, he will not meet her again.

Or, She has to apologise or he'll not meet her again.

Or, Without her apologizing,he will not meet her.

Or, On her failing to apologize, he will not meet her.

Page 8

1. Swarna asked me a question which/that I was unable to answer.

Or, I was unable to answer the question that Swarna asked me.

Or, I was unable to answer the question asked by Swarna.

Or, I was unable to answer Swarna's question.

2.  You helped Tania, so/hence/therefore she will always be grateful to you.

Or, As/Since you helped Tania, she will always be grateful to you.

Or,Tania will always be grateful to you, for you helped her.

Or, Tania will always be grateful to you because you helped her.

Or, Tania will always be grateful to you for your her.

3. I heard you won a prize therefore/hence/so I am extremely delighted.

Or, I am extremely delighted because I heard that you won a prize.

Or, I am extremely delighted, for I heard that you won a prize.

Or, I am extremely delighted to hear that you won a prize.

Or, As/Since I heard you won a prize, I am extremely delighted.

4. Although/ Though/ Even if/ Notwithstanding that there was heavy traffic, we reached the stadium on time.

Or, There was heavy traffic, yet/still/however/all the same we reached the stadium on time.

In spite of/Despite heavy traffic, we reached the stadium on time.

Page 9

1. Though/Although the heart attack was mild, Mr Bose stayed in the bed for 3 weeks. 

Or, The heart attack was mild still/yet/however Mr Bose stayed in the bed for 3 weeks. 

Or, In spite of/Despite a mild heart attack, Mr Bose stayed in the bed for 3 weeks.

2. As/When the men went out to see if anyone was missing, the women stayed behind to cure for the injured.

Or, The men went out to see if anyone was missing, while the women stayed behind to cure for the injured.