GRAMMAR ANSWER KEY TO 'TOTAL ENGLISH', CLASS 9, 2023, CHAPTER 9 TO 15

 

CHAPTER: 9            A. ARTICLES
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
1.  Insert 'a' or 'an' where required in the gaps in the following sentences. Put an 'x' mark where no article is required.
1. Their function turned out to be quite …........ occasion.
1. Their function turned out to be quite …........ occasion.
2. She took …......pen and wrote ………..... letter.
3. ……….. glass, unlike water, is ………..... poor conductor of electricity.
4. He needs ………...... few books from the library.
5. I have only read ............... little of the book so far.
6. Sibia did ……......... exemplary act by saving the life of a woman
7. I prefer …....... classical music to ……….... rock music.
8. Not many people liked the film, but quite …........ few liked its …...... story.
9. He takes ………… glass of ……….. water before going to play football.
10. He can't afford such ................. expensive shirt.
 
Ans. 1. an, 2. a, a, 3. x, a, 4. a, 5. a, 6. an, 7. x, x, 8. a, x, 9. a, x, 10. an
 
II. Insert the definite article where required in the following sentences. Put an 'x' mark where no article is required.
1. .............. earlier everybody agrees  …...... sooner we can start our journey.
2. …......... more he works, …..... more tired he looks.
3. ….......oil is vital to ………...... economy of America.
4. …........ dosas are made of …....... rice.
5. ….......vase we bought ……........ last month needs polishing.
6. …….........office he was working in was on ....... loan from ......... bank.
7. It was on …....... fifth of ........... month that he got his salary.
8. He went abroad at …....... age of 18.
9. …….......old man was taken to ………...... hospital.
10. I doubt if …........... man will ever be able to avoid ………......war.
 
Ans. 1. the, the, 2. the, the, 3. x, the, 4. x, x, 5. the, x, 6. the, x, x, 7. the, the, 8. the, 9. x, x, 10. x, x
 
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate
to the blank space.
Example: (0) allowed
Mrs. Butterworth went on a crash diet. "Am I ......0....... (allow) ……1........ (eat) toast and butter for breakfast?" She asked her doctor. "Not at all, Mrs. Butterworth. You ...... 2…... (allow) to have only fruits and …… 3..... (boil) vegetables. On a …..... 4...... (slim) diet, one cannot eat biscuits and sweets. However, you need not worry. You can eat whatever you like after ten weeks." Mrs. Butterworth ….... 5…….. (determine) and had regular physical exercise. After dieting for ten weeks, she said to her husband, "I still cannot bend and touch my toes as I .....6..... (can) before we ……7..… (marry)." "Don't worry, darling." he said  ......8....... (love). "Perhaps your finger nails were longer in those days!"
Ans. 1. to eat, 2. are allowed, 3. boiled, 4. slimming, 5. was determined, 6. could 7. married , 8. lovingly
 
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate word:
(a) Whom are you searching …..................?
(b) He left …....... playing the guitar to answer the phone call.
(c) I warned you ……….......going there alone.
(d) Such conduct is ….............. the dignity of a sportsperson.
(e) This popular custom prevails. …...........the tribals.
(f) The students were entrusted …............the care of the teacher.
(g) My mother could not hide her happiness …......... my success.
(h) A blind man cannot tell black ………...............white.
Ans. a. for, b. off, c. from, d. against, e. among, f. to, g. on, h. or
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. This lady is extremely pretty. I have never seen a prettier lady.
(a) I have never seen a pretty lady like her.
(b) I have never seen a prettier lady than her.
(c) I have never seen a prettiest lady than her.
(d) I had never seen a prettiest lady than her.
Ans. I have never seen so/as pretty a lady as she is.
 
2. It is not a new car. However, it is reliable.
(a) It is reliable but not a new car.
(b) It is not a new car to be reliable.
(c) It is not a new car still it is reliable.
(d) Though it is not a new car, yet it is reliable.
Ans. (c) It is not a new car still it is reliable. (Compound)
Ans. (d) Though it is not a new car, yet it is reliable. (Complex)
3. Angels fear to tread in some places. Fools rush in there.
(a) Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
(b) Fools rushed in where angel fears to tread.
(c) A fool rushes in when angels feared to tread.
(d) Fools rush where angels are fearful to tread.
Ans. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread.
 
4. I was climbing the cliff. Suddenly a gust of wind nearly blew me off the cliff.
(a) While climbing the cliff, a sudden gust of wind nearly blow me off the cliff.
(b) While climbing the cliff, a sudden gust of wind nearly blew me off the cliff.
(c) I was climbing the cliff for a sudden gust of wind nearly blew me off the cliff.
(d) As I was climbing the cliff, a sudden gust of wind nearly blew me off the cliff.
Ans. As I was climbing the cliff, a sudden gust of wind nearly blew me off the cliff.
Ans. While I was climbing the cliff, a sudden gust of wind nearly blew me off the cliff.
Ans. While climbing the cliff, I was nearly blown off the cliff by a sudden gust of wind.
 
(iv)  Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. He seemed to be warming up to our suggestions. (Begin: It…….)
(a) It seems as he was warming up to our suggestions.
(b) It seemed that he was warming up to our suggestions.
(c) It seemed as he was warming up to our suggestions.
(d) It seemed if he is warming up to our suggestions.
 
Ans. (b) It seemed that he was warming up to our suggestions.
2. There is no point in taking my car if I can't find a place to park it. (Begin: What is..........)
(a) What is the point in taking my car, if I can't find a place to park it?
(b) What is the point of taking my car, if I can't park it?
(c) What is the point in taking my car, if I could not find a place to park it?
(d) What is the point of taking my car, if I won't be able to park it?
Ans. (a) What is the point in taking my car, if I can't find a place to park it?
 
3. Only graduates can apply for this post. (Begin: None………..)
(a) None of the graduates can apply for this post.
(b) None except graduates can apply to this post.
(c) None other than graduates can apply for this post.
(d) None except for the graduates could apply for this post.
Ans. (c) None other than graduates can apply for this post.
Ans. (or) None except graduates can apply for this post.
4. Don't blame her if the mirror is broken. (Begin: She is not……….)
(a) She is not at blame if the mirror is broken.
(b) She is not at blame for the broken mirror.
(c) She is not to be blamed for the broken mirror.
(d) She is not to be blamed if the mirror is broken.
Ans. She is not to be blamed if the mirror is broken.
5. We did not find many spectators in the auditorium. (Use: a few)
(a) We could not find a few spectators in the auditorium.
(b) We could not find spectators in the auditorium.
(c) We found a few spectators in the auditorium.
(d) We could find only a few spectators in the auditorium.
Ans. (d) We could find only a few spectators in the auditorium.
6. "Do you think you know more than your teacher?" said his father.
(Begin: His father....................................)
(a) His father said whether he knew more than his teacher.
(b) His father said whether he could know more than his teacher.
(c) His father asked him if he will know more than his teacher.
(d) His father angrily asked whether he knew more than his teacher.
 
Ans. (d) His father angrily asked whether he knew more than his teacher.
7. Kapil is the best student in the class. (Use: better)
(a) No student is better than Kapil.
(b) No student in the class is better than Kapil.
(c) Kapil is one of the better students in the class.
(d) The better student in the class is Kapil.
Ans. Kapil is the better than any other student in the class.
Ans. No other student in the class is so/as good as Kapil.
 
8. He managed to find a second-hand book in a shop. (Begin: He succeeded………)
(a) He succeeded to find a second-hand book in a shop.
(b) He succeeded to find a second-hand book shop.
(c) He succeeded in finding a second-hand book shop.
(d) He succeeded in finding a second-hand book in a shop.
Ans. (d) He succeeded in finding a second-hand book in a shop.
 
 
 
 
 
CHAPTER:   10        A. DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
I. In each of the following items, sentence A is complete but sentence B is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time making it as similar as possible in meaning so that it could replace A. Make B one sentence, never two. No changes of any kind may be made to the printed parts of the B sentence.
 
1. A. She confessed that she had been very foolish.
B. She said, “…………………….”
Ans. She said, "I have been very foolish."
 
2. A. He inquired of me if I knew the way.
B. He said to me, “……………………?”
Ans. He said to me, "Do you know the way?"
 
3. A. He bade good-bye to his friends.
B. He said, “…………………….”
Ans. He said, "Good-bye, my friends."
 
4. A. Arun said, "The rain prevented me from coming to this place."
B. Arun said that …………………….
Ans. Arun said that the rain had prevented him from going to that place.
 
5. A. The teacher said to the boys, "I shall prove now that the earth moves round the sun."
B. The teacher told the boys …………………….
Ans. The teacher told the boys that he would prove then that the earth moves round the sun.
 
6. A. He said to me, 'May God bless you!"
B. He prayed that …………………………. .
Ans. He prayed that God might blesses me.
 
7. A. She told me that she could easily beat me in singing.
B. She said to me, “………………………………….”
Ans. She said to me, "I can easily beat you in singing."
 
8. A. He inquired of us whether we were going away that day.
B. He asked us, “…………………………………………………….”
Ans. He asked us, "Are you going away today?"
 
II. Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Change only enough to do what you are asked to do and make a correct sentence. Do not alter the meaning. You have to make your sentence say the same thing in a different way.
 
1. Leela said," Let me have some coffee."
Begin: Leela wished…………………………. .
Ans. Leela wished to have some coffee.
 
2. Arundhati asked me whether I played Tennis.
Begin: Arundhati said to me,
Ans. Arundhati said to me, "Do you play Tennis?"
 
3. "How beautiful the sunset looks tonight!" said Neelam.
Begin: Neelam exclaimed……………………………. .
Ans. Neelam exclaimed that the sunset looked so beautiful that night.
 
4. He says, "I am glad to be here today."
Begin: He says that he………………………. .
Ans. He says that he is glad to be here today.
 
5. Swami requested him to wait there till he returned.
End: …………………………………………. till I return."
Ans. Swami said to him. “Please wait here till I return."
 
6. He said to us," Are you going to Mumbai today?"
Begin: He enquired of us …………………………….. .
Ans. He enquired of us whether we were going to Mumbai that day.
 
7. He wished that he might have some ice cream.
Begin: He said, “…………………………………… .”
Ans. He said, "May I have some ice cream!”
 
8. The teacher said to me, “I have never seen such a careless girl as you."
Begin: The teacher told me that …………………………….. .
Ans. The teacher told me that he/she had never seen such a careless girl as I.
 
9. "It may rain this evening," said the farmer.
Begin: The farmer said that ……………………………… .
Ans. The farmer said that it might rain that evening.
 
10. Mr Majumdar told the children not to play with fire.
End: “……………………………. .” said Mr Majumdar.
Ans. "Do not play with fire, children.” said Mr Majumdar.
 
Question 5
 
Example (0) brought
 
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in the correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
 
A severe famine …....0..... (bring) great misery in Russia. People …...1....... (starve) to death; but nobody was able …....2...... (do) anything. One day a ......3…..... (misery) beggar came to Tolstoy to ask for alms. Tolstoy searched his pocket for a coin but discovered that his pockets were empty. ……4…….. (Take) the beggar's .......5....... (wear) hand between his own, he said: "Do not be angry with me, my brother, I .......6…... (have) nothing with me." The thin-lined face of the beggar became ………… (illumine) as from some inner light, and he whispered in reply: "But you ........8….. (call) me brother - that was a great gift for me".
 
Ans. 1. starved,  2. to do, 3. miserable, 4. taking, 5.  worn, 6. have, 7. illumined, 8. called
 
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate word:
 
(a) She spread her towel ……..... her face to keep off the bees.
 (b) I am lucky to be favoured …............. such wonderful parents.
(c) This is a luxury …............... my income.
(d) His suggestion goes ………...... all logic.
(e) As he is tall, he has an advantage ……......... the rest of the class.
(f) Sudha is being moved ………....... the Chennai office.
(g) My mother helped me …….............with collecting data for my project.
(h) I wonder what he is aiming ……………………… .
 
Ans. a. Over, b. with, c. for, d. against, e. over, f. to, g. with, h. at
 
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
 
1. We all enjoyed the story. Our teacher told us the story.
(a) We all enjoy the story our teacher told us.
(b) We all enjoy the story our teacher tells us.
(c) We all enjoyed the story which our teacher told us.
(d) We all enjoyed the story of our teacher.
 
Ans. (c) We all enjoyed the story which our teacher told us.
 
2. I was wrong. My father said this.
(a) I was wrong that my father said this.
(b) I said that my father was wrong.
(c) I was wrong, my father said.
(d) My father said that I was wrong.
 
Ans. (d) My father said that I was wrong.
 
3. He makes a wish. It is immediately fulfilled.
(a) As soon as he makes a wish, it gets fulfilled.
(b) He makes a wish which is immediately fulfilled.
(c) The wish he makes is fulfilled.
(d) He always makes a wish to be fulfilled.
 
Ans. (a) As soon as he makes a wish, it gets fulfilled.
 
4. The sentence is difficult. He cannot translate it without help.
(a) The sentence is too difficult for him to translate without help.
(b) The sentence is difficult for him to translate even with help.
(c) The sentence is difficult of him to translate without any help.
(d) He cannot translate the sentence without help for it is difficult.
 
Ans. (a) The sentence is too difficult for him to translate without help.
 
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. None of us should tolerate intellectual dishonesty.
(End: …………………………………………... tolerated.)
(a) Intellectual honesty is not tolerated.
(b) Intellectual honesty should be tolerated.
(c) Intellectual dishonesty is not tolerated.
(d) Intellectual honesty should not be tolerated.
 
Ans. (d) Intellectual honesty should not be tolerated.
 
2. You remembered to sign the contract, didn't you?
(Begin: You didn't………………………)
(a) You forgot to sign the contract, didn't you?
(b) You didn't forget to sign the contract, did you?
(c) You didn't forget to sign the contract, didn't you?
(d) You didn't forgot to sign the contract, did you?
 
Ans. You didn't forget to sign the contract, did you?
 
3. He said to me, "Are you going away tonight?"
(Begin: He inquired………………………)
(a) He inquired of me if I was going away that night.
(b) He inquired me if I was going away tonight.
(c) He inquired about me if I was going away tonight.
(d) He inquired from me if I was going away tonight.
 
Ans. (a) He inquired of me if I was going away that night.
 
4. John did not understand the reason for Anita's annoyance.
(Begin: John did not understand why………………)
(a) John did not understand why Anita is annoyed.
(b) John did not understand why Anita had annoyance.
(c) John did not understand why was Anita annoyed.
(d) John did not understand why Anita looked annoyed.
 
Ans. (d) John did not understand why Anita looked annoyed.
Ans. (or) John did not understand why Anita was annoyed.
 
5. When he died, we found out how rich he was.
(Begin: It was not until..................................)
(a) It was not until his death we found out how he was rich.
(b) It was not until his death we found out how rich he was.
(c) It was not until his death we found out how rich he is.
(d) It was not until he died that we found out how rich he was.
 
Ans. (b) It was not until his death, we found out how rich he was.
 
6. If I sell the car now, I will travel to Agra this month.
(Begin: My departure………………………….)
(a) My departure to Agra will depend on my selling the car now.
(b) My departure from Agra will depend on my selling the car now.
(c) My departure to Agra is depending on my selling the car now.
(d) My departure to Agra was depending on my selling the car now.
 
Ans. (a) My departure to Agra will depend on my selling the car now.
Ans. (or) My departure to Agra depends on my selling the car now.
 
7. I never thought that they would win the match.
(Begin: Little …………………………….)
(a) Little did I thought that they would win the match.
(b) Little do I know that they would win the match.
(c) Little did I think that they would win the match.
(d) Little do I think that they win the match.
 
Ans. (a) Little did I think that they would win the match.
 
8. None of us should tolerate corrupt practices.
(End: ……………………………….. tolerated)
(a) Corrupt practices are not tolerated.
(b) Corrupt practices should not be tolerated.
(c) Corrupt practices need not be tolerated.
 
Ans. (b) Corrupt practices should not be tolerated.
 
CHAPTER: 11          A. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
I. Make sentences by using ‘if’ by joining each pair of ideas given below:
 
TYPE 1
 
1. she not come, we disappointed.
Ans. If she does not come, we will be disappointed.
 
2. it is a holiday tomorrow, what we do?
Ans. If it is a holiday tomorrow, what will we do?
 
3. you not careful, fall and hurt yourself.
Ans. If you are not careful, you will fall and hurt yourself.
 
4. you not agree, I not sell the house.
Ans. If you do not agree, I shall not sell the house.
 
5. he travel by plane, get there tomorrow night.
Ans. If he travels by plane, he will get there tomorrow night.
 
6. she does not have a passport, not able go there.
Ans. If she does not have a passport, she will not be able to go there.
 
TYPE 2
 
7. I know his address, I write to him now.
Ans. If I knew his address, I would write to him now.
 
8. he enough money, buy the car right away.
Ans. If he had enough money, he could buy the car right away.
 
9. I speak to that minister right now, he be angry.
Ans. If I spoke to that minister right now, he would be angry.
 
10. you see him now, not recognise him.
Ans. If you saw him now, you would not recognise him.
 
TYPE 3
 
11. If I know his address the day before yesterday, I write to him.
Ans.. If I had known his address the day before yesterday, I would have written to him.
 
12. train late the day before yesterday, I miss important meeting.
Ans. If the train had not been late the day before yesterday, I would not have missed an important meeting.
 
13. doctor not act promptly at the scene of accident, boy die.
Ans.. If the doctor had not acted promptly at the scene of accident, boy would have died.
 
14. the thief not sneeze, the police never know he was hiding.
Ans. If the thief had not sneezed, the police would never have known he was hiding.
 
 15. I not sure of succeeding, not attempt that problem that day.
Ans. If I had not been sure of succeeding, I would not have attempted that problem that day.
 
II. Join each pair of the sentences into a single sentence, using ‘if’.
 
1. You refuse to pay the money. Then you will be imprisoned.
Ans. If you refuse to pay the money, you will be imprisoned.
 
2. Perhaps he will agree. I shall be delighted then.
Ans. If he agrees, then I shall be delighted.
 
3. I would write to Michael now. But I don't know his address.
Ans. If I knew Michael’s address, I would write to him now.
 
4. They will pay you more next month. But you must work harder.
Ans. If you work harder, they will pay you more next month.
 
5. You must be careful. Otherwise, you will have an accident.
Ans. If you do not be careful, you will have an accident.
 
6. The leader of the gang may find the house empty. In that case, he will whistle to the rest of the gang to join him.
Ans. If the leader of the gang finds the house empty, he will whistle to the rest of the gang to join him.
 
7. You could have fixed everything properly the day before yesterday. I would not have had any worries.
Ans. If you had fixed everything properly the day before yesterday, I would not have had any worries.
 
8. He looked around. Otherwise he would have been hit by the bus.
Ans. If he had not looked around, he would have been hit by the bus.
Ans. Unless he had looked around, he would have been hit by the bus.
 
9. You can see the island from here. But the day must be very clear and bright.
Ans. You can see the island from here provided (that) the day is very clear and bright.
Ans.  If the day is very clear and bright, you can see the island from here.
 
10. The pilot didn't know about the storm over the mountains. He certainly wouldn't have taken off in that direction.
Ans. If the pilot had known about the storm over the mountains, he certainly wouldn't have taken off in that direction.
 
11. Let me come in, otherwise I will break open the door.
Ans. If you do not let me come in, I will break open the door.
 
12. Send me the laptop. I will repair it.
Ans.  If you send me the laptop. I will repair it.
 
13. He ran away from there, otherwise he would have been caught by the police.
Ans. If he had not run away from there, he would have been caught by the police.
 
14. Be quiet in the class, else I shall punish you.
Ans. If you are not quiet in the class, I shall punish you.
 
15. Pay heed to your doctor's advice. You will certainly get well soon.
Ans. If you pay heed to your doctor's advice, you will certainly get well soon.
Ans. Unless you pay heed to your doctor's advice, you will not get well soon.
 
III. Rewrite these sentences beginning with ‘Unless’:
 
1. If the car is not repaired, it will stop working.
Ans. Unless the car is repaired, it will stop working.
 
2. You must ask him if you want his help.
Ans. Unless you ask him for help, he will not help you.
 
.3. He would never come to see us if we did not invite him.
Ans. Unless we invited him, he would never come to see us.
 
4. If you do not sign the cheque, the bank will not cash it for you.
Ans. Unless you sign the cheque, the bank will not cash it for you.
 
5. If you do not work fast, you cannot finish the job.
Ans. Unless you work fast, you cannot finish the job.
 
6. If you do not agree, I shall not sign the document.
Ans. Unless you agree. I shall not sign the document.
 
7. If nobody wants this, I'll throw it away.
Ans. Unless anybody wants this, I'll throw it away.
 
8. If he does not find some place to hide, the police will arrest him.
Ans. Unless he finds some place to hide, the police will arrest him.
 
9. We will arrive at 8 o'clock, if nothing goes wrong.
Ans. Unless anything goes wrong, we will arrive at 8 o'clock.
 
10. If you touch fire, it will burn you.
Ans. Unless you touch fire, it will not burn you.
 
11. Fill in the form as I tell you, or you will make mistakes.
Ans. Unless you fill in the form as I tell you, you will make mistakes.
 
12. If you do not take your medicines regularly, you will not get better.
Ans. Unless you take your medicines regularly, you will not get better.
 
13. If you do not compel him, he will not return your money.
Ans. Unless you compel him, he will not return your money.
 
14. If you are careful in your diet, you will be healthy.
Ans. Unless you are careful in your diet, you will not be healthy.
 
15. If you do not follow me, you will lose your way.
Ans. Unless you follow me, you will lose your way.
 
Question 5
 
(i)  Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in the correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
 
Example (0) sailing
 
Samir, Aditi and Joe were …..0...... (sail) round the world in a small boat. To their great misfortune, they …...1....... (shipwreck) one night. "I wish there was an island nearby."......2...... (say) Samir. At dawn, they were ………3……… (throw) up on to a desert island. For the next two months, they lived on fish, nuts and fruits. One day, while .........4............. (walk) down the shore, they saw a bottle. "I hope it contains a note or something!" said Aditi. They opened it …….....5....... (hurry) and a genie appeared. "It is good that you opened the bottle," gasped the genie, "I ……....6......... (be) so grateful, I'll give you one wish each. Now you begin," the genie said, pointing to Samir. "I wish ........7........ (be) with my family," said Samir. And, whoosh, he disappeared! "Me too," Aditi said. And, whoosh! Off she ….....8...... .(go). "And,  what about you?"  the genie asked Joe. "I wish to have my friends back with me!" Joe said.
 
Ans.  1. were shipwrecked , 2. said , 3. thrown,  4. walking, 5. hurriedly, 6. am, 7. to be, 8. went
 
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
 
(a) This is the man you were talking …......... .
(b) The Councillor stepped ………........ to make way for his son.
(c) The police is entrusted …..... the enforcement of law and order.
(d)  He drew ………….. a detailed contract before signing the deal.
(e) I resigned myself ………………………. my fate.
(f) Mr Sen is considered an authority............. grammar.
(g) The leader argued powerfully ……….... the reforms.
(h) The news of the soldier's death cast a gloom ……......... the village.
 
Ans. a. to b. aside c. with d. up e. to f. in, g. for, h. over
 
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
 
1. Clear your dues. Then you will be given your roll numbers.
(a) Unless you clear your dues, you will not be given your roll numbers.
(b) Until you clear your dues how will you be given your roll numbers.
(c) Unless you will clear your dues you will be given your roll numbers.
(d) Unless you don't clear your dues you will be given your roll numbers.
 
Ans. (a) Unless you clear your dues, you will not be given your roll numbers.
Ans. (or) You will be given your roll numbers provided you clear your dues.
 
2. The typist was clever. We hired the typist.
(a) The typist was so clever we hired him.
(b) Since the typist was clever, we hired him.
(c) Although the typist is clever we hired him.
(d) We hired the typist so he is clever.
 
Ans. (b) Since the typist was clever, we hired him. (Complex)
Ans. (b) The typist was clever, hence we hired him. (Compound)
Ans. (b) we hired the typist because he was clever. (Complex)
Ans. (b) we hired the typist, for he was clever. (Compound)
 
3. A man was drowning. He shouted for help.
(a) A man was drowning for he shouted for help.
(b) A man shouted for help for he was drowning.
(c) A drowning man shouted for help.
(d) While drowning a man shouted for help.
 
Ans. (c) A drowning man shouted for help. (Simple)
Ans. (or) A man, who was drowning, shouted for help. (Complex)
 
 
4. I may accept your offer. You shall have to ask for it.
(a) You shall have to ask for it before I accept your offer.
(b) I may accept your offer if you ask for it.
(c) If you ask for it, I might accept your offer.
(d) I may accept your offer after you shall ask for it.
 
Ans. (b) I may accept your offer if you ask for it.
Ans. (or) I may accept your offer provided that you ask for it.
 
(iv)  Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each, Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. A few members went along with the Secretary. (Use: accompanied)
(a) A few members accompanied with the Secretary.
(b) A few members accompanied the Secretary.
(c) A few members accompanied along the Secretary.
(d) A few members accompanied along with the Secretary.
 
Ans. A few members accompanied the Secretary.
 
2. ‘What will be the outcome of this decision?’ Mr. Sen asked himself.
(Begin: Mr Sen wondered…………………..)
(a) Mr. Sen wondered the outcome of this decision.
(b) Mr. Sen wondered how was the outcome of the decision.
(c) Mr. Sen wondered what would be the outcome of that decision.
(d) Mr. Sen wondered what might be the outcome of this decision.
 
Ans. Mr. Sen wondered what the outcome of that decision would be.
 
3. It was such a boring match that we left before the end.
(Begin: The match……………)
(a) The match was too boring before the end.
(b) The match was so boring that we left in the end.
(c) The match was so boring that we left at the end.
(d) The match was so boring that we left before the end.
 
Ans. The match was so boring that we left before the end.
 
4. Uma was unable to do anything until early the following year.
(Begin: Not until…………………….)
(a) Not until the following year Uma is able to do anything.
(b) Not until the following year Uma was able to do anything.
(c) Not until the following year Uma was not able to do anything.
(d) Not until the following year Uma is not able to do anything.
 
Ans. (b) Not until the following year Uma was able to do anything.
 
 5. He is alleged to have stolen his friend's bike. (Begin: It………….)
(a) It has been alleged that he stole his friend's bike.
(b) It is alleged that he stole his friend's bike.
(c) It is alleged that he has stolen his friend's bike.
(d) It was alleged that he stole his friend's bike.
 
Ans. (c) It is alleged that he has stolen his friend's bike.
 
6. The wall is quite high for the thief to jump over. (Use: low enough)
(a) The wall is low enough for the thief to jump over.
(b) The wall is not low enough to the thief to jump over.
(c) The wall was low enough for the thief to jump over.
(d) The wall is not low enough for the thief to jump over.
 
Ans. (a) The wall is low enough for the thief to jump over.
 
7. You left the gas on, didn't you? (End: …………did you?)
(a) You had left the gas on, did you?
(b) You didn't leave the gas on, did you?
(c) You didn't leave the gas on, didn't you?
(d) You left the gas on, did you?
 
Ans. (b) You didn't leave the gas on, did you?
 
8. The new regulation made the employees happy. (End: ……….. employees)
(a) The new regulation brings happiness to the employees.
(b) The new regulation brought happiness to the employees.
(c) The new regulation brought happiness for the employees.
(d) The new regulation brings happiness for the employees.
 
Ans. (b) The new regulation brought happiness to the employees.
 
 
CHAPTER:   12        A. PREPOSITIONS
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
Supply ‘for, since, at, in, on, by’ where required in the following sentences.
 
1. She drinks a lot of coffee...................the evenings.
2. It is usually much warmer…….........three o'clock in the afternoon than................the morning.
3. The new term starts...............................March.
 
4. They have lived in this town ……….............................2005.
5. I have been waiting for you……………........eight o'clock.
6. We will finish our exams……………....two days' time.
7. They have lived in Delhi……………….........six months.
8. ……………...........summer we will have our vacations.
9. Tom went home ………………..........sunset.
10. We have been waiting.......................over half an hour.
 
Ans. 1. in, 2. at, in, 3. in, 4. since, 5. since, 6. in, 7. for, 8. in, 9. at, 10. over
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
Supply suitable prepositions:
 
1. There is a bus stop the end of the road.
2. I ……………Japan when the President was there.
3. He used to live…………………......Kanpur.
4. She lost her ring……………………………...the sand.
5. I will meet you...the signpost near my house.
6. Our house is………………. the top of the hill.
7. There has been an accident……………..the corner of the street.
8. Suddenly he jumped ………………… the river.
9. He sat…………………….Mary and Janet.
10. He was standing ………………………….the pillar.
 
Ans. Ans. 1. At, 2. In,  3. In, 4. in, 5. At, 6. On, 7. At, 8. Into, 9. Between, 10. beside
 
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
1. Match the proverbial expressions to their meanings:
 
Proverbial Expressions
 
1.      to upset someone's apple cart
2.      to bell the cat
3.      to play one's last card
4.       to be between the devil and the deep sea
5.      to eat out of someone's hand
6.      to lose face
7.      to play with fire
8.      to play to the gallery
9.      to do something by halves
10.  to make one's mark
 
Ans. Meanings:
(d) to throw someone's plans into disorder
(h) to do the most dangerous part of a suggested scheme
(a) to take the last chance one has of achieving success
(e) to choose between two undesirable situations
(j) to fall in meekly, with a person's wishes
(b) to lose one's good name and reputation
(i) to meddle with matters that may lead to serious trouble
(f) to behave in an exaggerated way to attract people's attention
(c) to do a thing half-heartedly
(g) to achieve fame or distinction
 
III. Write one word from the box in place of the italicized phrase in each of the following sentences:
(impassable, inimitable, incorrigible, incombustible, inaccessible, indelible, inaudible, inarticulate, incommunicative)
 
1. The antics of Raj Kapoor are not able to be imitated.
Ans. The antics of Raj Kapoor are inimitable.
2. The speaker was not able to express himself fluently.
Ans. The speaker was inarticulate.
3. The voice of the lecturer was so faint that it was not able to be heard.
Ans. The voice of the lecturer was inaudible.
4. The incriminating evidence was not able to be burnt.
Ans. The incriminating evidence was incombustible.
5. The highway, blocked with snow, was not able to be traversed.
Ans. The highway, blocked with snow, was impassable.
6. A morose individual is not disposed to converse freely.
Ans. A morose individual is incommunicative.
7. A ruler in name only is not possessed of power.
Ans. A ruler in name only is impotent.
8. A marking ink may be bought that is not to be effaced. .
Ans.  A marking ink may be bought that is indelible.
9. A pupil who cannot profit from his mistakes is not able to be reformed.
Ans. A pupil who cannot profit from his mistakes is incorrigible.
10. A hideout is a retreat, that, except to a few, is not able to be got at.
Ans. A hideout is a retreat, that, except to a few, is inaccessible.
 
Question 5
 
Example: (0) Rising
 
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in the correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
 
.............. (rise) from the sea like a goddess, the island nation of Cyprus sweeps you off your feet with ancient monuments. Cyprus has the distinction of …...1….... (be) the birthplace of Aphrodite - Goddess of Love and Beauty. With such a legendary background,  it is hardly…....2...... (surprise) that Cyprus ….....3........ (develop) into a ….....4....... (tour) destination. It is .....5...... (bless) with natural beauty that ranges from golden beaches to …...6..... (roll) hills. To walk through its old streets is …....7.......(step) backwards in time. Old houses with ornate balconies peep from weather -beaten walls, and craftsmen in small workshops practise trades not .......8...... (change) for centuries.
 
Ans. 1. Being, 2. Surprising, 3. has developed, 4 tourist, 5. Blessed, 6. Rolling, 7. Stepping, 8.  changed
 
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
 
(a) You should not deviate ….........your objective.
(b) There is no exception ………..... this rule.
(c) He showed great courage in the face ............ danger.
(d) His system of working is different ……….....yours.
(e) Our path was beset .................. difficulties.
(f) His wife stood …............. him throughout the case.
(g) Our team is confident …………... winning the match.
(h) The officer was rewarded ……….... his hard work.
 
Ans. a. from, b. to, c. of, d. from, e. with, f. by, g. of, h. for
 
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
 
1. He has won the first prize. I am pleased to announce it.
(a) I am pleased to announce his winning the first prize.
(b) I am pleased to announce that he has won the first prize.
(c) I am pleased to announce that he had win the first prize.
(d) He has won the first prize I am pleased to announce it.
 
Ans. I am pleased to announce that he has won the first prize.
 
2. They may not complete the work tomorrow. In that case, we will not pay them.
(a) They may not complete the work for we will not pay them.
(b) We will pay them only if they do not complete the work tomorrow.
(c) We will not pay them if they do not complete the work tomorrow.
(d) We will not pay them if they complete the work tomorrow.
 
Ans. We will not pay them if they do not complete the work tomorrow.
 
3. You will have to complete the work by this evening. I will pay you the full amount.
(a) I will pay you the full amount unless you will have to complete the work by this evening.
(b)  I will not pay you the full amount provided that you don't complete the work by this evening.
(c) If you complete the work by the evening, I will pay you the full amount.
(d) I will pay you the full amount provided that you complete the work by this evening.
 
Ans. (d) I will pay you the full amount provided that you complete the work by this evening.
 
4. He was walking in the fields. He came across a rare stone.
(a) He came across a rare stone walking in the field.
(b) When he walked in the field, he came across a rare stone.
(c) While walking in the field, he came across a rare stone.
(d) He was walking in a field to come across a rare stone.
 
Ans. While walking in the field, he came across a rare stone.
 
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. The Manager claimed that he had said nothing about the wages.
(Begin: The Manager denied……………….)
(a) The Manager denied that he said nothing about the wages.
(b) The Manager denied saying about the wages.
(c) The Manager denied having said anything about the wages.
(d) The Manager denied having said nothing about the wages.
 
Ans. (c) The Manager denied having said anything about the wages.
 
2. She said to us, "Let us go through the book." (Begin: She suggested…………)
(a) She suggested if we could go through the book.
(b) She suggested we could go through the book.
(c) She suggested let us go through the book.
(d) She suggested to us to go through the book.
 
Ans. (d) She suggested to us to go through the book.
Ans. (or) She suggested to us that we should go through the book.
 
3. I think you should come back tomorrow. (Begin: You had………...)
(a) You had to come tomorrow.
(b) You had come tomorrow.
(c) You had come back tomorrow.
(c) You had better come back tomorrow.
 
Ans. You had better come back tomorrow.
 
4. It is a four hour drive from Delhi to Agra. (Begin: It takes……..)
(a) It takes a four hour drive from Delhi to Agra.
(b) It takes only four hours' drive from Delhi to Agra.
(c) It takes four hours to drive from Delhi to Agra.
(d) It takes a four hours to drive from Delhi to Agra.
 
Ans. (c) It takes four hours to drive from Delhi to Agra.
 
5. Work hard and you will succeed. (Begin: Unless……….)
(a) Unless you work hard you may not succeed.
(b) Unless you will not work hard you will not succeed.
(c) Unless you don't work hard you will not succeed.
(d) Unless you work hard, you will not succeed.
 
Ans. Unless you work hard, you will not succeed.
 
6. It was not his intention to harm you. (Use: intend)
(a) He did not intended to harm you.
(b) He did not intend to harm you.
(c) He did not intend to harmed you.
(d) He did not intended in harming you.
 
Ans. (b) He did not intend to harm you.
 
7. Let us go abroad for our holiday this year. (Begin: Why…………..)
(a) Why we not go abroad for our holiday this year?
(b) Why do we not go abroad for our holiday this year?
(c) Why not go abroad to our holiday this year?
(d) Why not go abroad for our holiday this year?
 
Ans. (d) Why not go abroad for our holiday this year?
 
8. My brother always blames me and I always blame my brother.
(Begin: My brother and I always blame……………..)
(a) My brother and I always blame one another.
(b) My brother and I always blame them.
(c) My brother and I always blame ourselves.
(d) My brother and I always blame others.
 
Ans. My brother and I always blame each other.
 
CHAPTER: 13          A. SYNTHESIS OF SENTENCES
 
ASSIGNMENT – 1
 
Combine each set of Simple Sentences into one Simple Sentence:
 
1. He finished his dinner. He went for a walk.
Ans. After finishing his dinner, he went for a walk.
Ans. Having finished his dinner, he went for a walk.
 
2. It was very hot. We could not go out.
Ans. It being very hot, we could not go out.
Ans. It was hot for us to go out.
 
3. He did not succeed. He had tried his best.
Ans. Despite/In spite of trying his best, he did not succeed.
 
4. You must help your friend. It is your duty.
 Ans. It is your duty to help your friend.
 
3. Smriti is my friend. She is a great musician.
Ans. Smriti, my friend, is a great musician.
 
4. He escaped unhurt. He was lucky.
Ans. He was lucky to escape unhurt.
Ans. Luckily, he escaped unhurt.
 
7. He cannot afford a car. He is too poor.
Ans. He is too poor to afford a car.
Ans. Due to being too poor, he cannot afford a car.
 
8. I have examined the statement. I found many errors in it.
Ans. After examining the statement, I found many errors in it.
Ans. Having examined the statement, I found many errors in it.
 
 
ASSIGNMENT – 2
 
Combine each set of Simple Sentences into a Compound Sentence:
 
1. You must make haste. You will miss the bus.
Ans. You must make haste; else you will miss the bus.
 
2. A bad boy disobeys his parents. A good boy obeys them.
Ans. A bad boy disobeys his parents; while a good boy obeys them.
 
3. A boy bought a kite. He took it home.
Ans. A boy bought a kite as well as took it home.
 
4. Fools shun truth. Wise men love it.
Ans. Fools shun truth; whereas wise men love it.
 
5. Some men are born great. Some men achieve greatness.
Ans. Some men are born great; while some achieve greatness.
 
6. The Parliament refused money. The President wanted it.
Ans. The Parliament refused money; where the President wanted it.
 
7. Sharad is a rich man. He did not earn his wealth.
Ans. Sharad is a rich man; however he did not earn his wealth.
 
8. The teacher is to blame. His pupils are to blame.
Ans. Both the teacher and his pupils are to blame.
Ans. Not only the teacher but also his pupils are to blame.
 
9. I was annoyed. I kept quiet.
Ans. I was annoyed; still I kept quiet.
 
10. Is the baby asleep? Is the baby awake?
Ans. Is the baby asleep or he is awake?
 
 
ASSIGNMENT – 3
 
Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each:
 
1. You will be late. Hurry up. (Rewrite it as one sentence, using 'if……….’)
Ans. If you do not hurry up, you will be late.
 
2. He deceived his parents. They still trust him.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘although……….’)
Ans. Although he deceived his parents, they trust him.
 
3. Nehru was a leader. He was a writer.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘besides………..’)
Ans. Besides being a leader Nehru was a writer.
 
4. We stayed at home. It was raining.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘as………………..’)
Ans. As it was raining, we stayed at home.
 
5. Has he returned from Kolkata? Ask his son.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘whether’?
Ans. Ask his son whether he has returned from Kolkata.
 
6. I got the message. Immediately I went to his house.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘as soon as…………..’)
 
Ans. As soon as I got the message, I went to his house.
 
7. It is very simple. Everybody can do it.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘so................. that’)
Ans. It is so simple that everybody can do it.
 
8. Rakesh was running. He was being chased by a tiger.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘because..................’)
Ans. Rakesh was running because he was being chased by a tiger.
 
9. "You'll be ruined! Run away!" (Rewrite as one sentence and use ‘if’.)
Ans. If you do not run away, you'll be ruined.
 
10. Nandu works hard. His aim is to win a scholarship.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘that’)
Ans. Nandu works hard that he may win a scholarship.
 
11. He won a lottery. Then he bought a house.
(Rewrite as one sentence using ‘after...............’)
Ans. After he won a lottery, he bought a house.
 
12. Alka is intelligent. Meera is equally intelligent.
(Rewrite as one sentence and using 'as………..as'.)
Ans. Meera is as intelligent as Alka.
 
13. All will respect you. Be kind. (Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘if’.)
Ans. If you are kind, all will respect you.
 
14. Do not steal. Stealing is a crime.
(Rewrite as one sentence, using ‘since’.)
Ans. Since stealing is a crime, you should not steal.
 
Question 5
 
(i)  Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in the correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
 
Example (0) asked
 
Once a king…..0..... (ask) a hermit for a powerful talisman. The hermit ......1..... (give) him a ring …...2...... (contain) a …...3….... (fold) slip of paper and asked him to open it when he …....4…... (face) with extraordinary situations, be it a tragedy or a triumph. The talisman, the hermit ….....5....... (tell) the king …...6...... (keep) him grounded; it …....7....... (help) him keep his head in any situation.
 
The king had many occasions ......8…….. (experience) the power of the writing on the paper during his long reign. The paper had on it a simple line: "This, too, shall pass."
 
Ans. 1. gave, 2. containing, 3. folded, 4. faced, 5. told, 6. would keep, 7. would help, 8. to experience
 
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
 
(a) You must not be slaves ……................ anybody.
(b) There is a great demand........................ Indian sweets.
(c) The worried mother sat ……….... her sick child all night.
(d) One must not profit…………………... other's mistakes.
(e) Arun walked ahead..................... me without noticing me.
(f) An accident is holding ……………………... traffic.
(g) Some shops were shut ……………..... for security reasons.
(h) The new manager had a long chat ……............. the employees.
 
Ans. a. to, b. for, c. beside, d. from, e. of, f. up, g. down, h. with
 
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
 
.1.  Pull the chain. The train will stop.
(a) Pull the chain to stop the train.
(b) On pulling of chain, the train will stop.
(c) On pulling the chain, the train stopped.
(d) On pulling the chain, the train will be stopped.
 
Ans. (a) Pull the chain to stop the train.
 
2. He is bold. He can face any problem.
(a) He is bold to face a problem.
(b) He is bold to face any problem.
(c) He is bold enough to face a problem.
(d) He is bold enough to face any problem.
 
. Ans. (d) He is bold enough to face any problem.
 
3. He has not done his homework. I am sure of it.
(a) I was sure that he did not do his homework.
(b) I am sure that he has not done his homework.
(c) I am sure that he did not do his homework.
(d) I was sure that he has not done his homework.
 
Ans. (b) I am sure that he has not done his homework.
 
 
4. We went to the airport by taxi. We did not want to miss the flight.
(a) We went to the airport by taxi as we did not want to miss the flight.
(b) We did not want to miss the flight for we went to the airport by taxi.
(c) As we did not want to miss the flight, we will go to the airport by taxi.
(d) We will go to the airport by taxi not to miss the flight.
 
Ans. As we did not want to miss the flight, we went to the airport by taxi.
 
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. "What will be the outcome of such a disastrous plan?” Mr Gupta asked himself.
(Begin: Mr Gupta wondered…………..)
(a) Mr Gupta wondered what will be the outcome of such a disastrous plan.
(b) Mr Gupta wondered what outcome will come out of such a disastrous plan.
(c) Mr Gupta wondered what would be the outcome of such a disastrous plan.
(d) Mr Gupta wondered what would happen due to such a disastrous plan.
 
Ans. Mr Gupta wondered what the outcome of such a disastrous plan would be.
 
2. Do you mean to go abroad? (Use: intention)
(a) Do you have the intention of going abroad?
(b) Did you get the intention to go abroad?
(c) Is there any intention of yours to go abroad?
(d) Did you have the intention of going abroad?
 
Ans. (a) Do you have any intention of going abroad?
 
3. It is a good habit to maintain a diary.
(End: ………………….:..... good habit)
(a) Maintaining a diary is a good habit.
(b) A diary maintenance is a good habit.
(c) Maintaining of a diary is a good habit.
(d) Maintaining on a diary is good habit.
 
Ans. (a) Maintaining a diary is a good habit.
 
4. He will succeed if he works regularly. (Use: unless)
(a) He will not succeed unless he works regularly.
(b) He will not succeed unless he doesn't work regularly.
(c) He will succeed unless he doesn't work regularly.
(d) He will succeed unless he works regularly.
 
Ans. (a) He will not succeed unless he works regularly.
 
 
5. Why don't you meet me to discuss the point? (Begin: I suggest………...)
(a) I suggest you to meet me to discuss the point.
(b) I suggest you meet me to discuss the point.
(c) I suggest that you to meet me to discuss the point.
(d) I suggest you for meeting me to discuss the point.
 
Ans. (a) I suggest you to meet me to discuss the point.
 
6. Crossing the railway lines to get to the station is dangerous. (Begin: It………….)
(a) It is dangerous to crossing the railway lines to get to the station.
(b) It is dangerous to cross the railway lines to get to the station.
(c) It is difficult to cross the railway station to get to the lines.
(d) It was dangerous to cross the railway lines to get to the lines.
 
Ans. (b) It is dangerous to cross the railway lines to get to the station.
 
7. He not only cheated me but also stole my wallet. (Begin: In addition………)
(a) In addition to cheated me, he also stole my wallet.
(b) In addition to cheating me, he stole my wallet.
(c) In addition to cheat me, he also stole my wallet.
(d) In addition to cheating me, he took away my wallet.
 
Ans. (b) In addition to cheating me, he stole my wallet.
 
8. He is inviting each of his friends. (Begin: Each…………….)
(a) Each and everyone is invited by him.
(b) Each friend of his is invited.
(c) Each of his friend is being invited.
(d) Each of his friends is invited.
 
Ans. Each of his friends is being invited.
 
 
CHAPTER – 14        A. TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES -I
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
Rewrite the following according to the instructions given after each. Change only enough to do what you are asked and make a correct sentence. Do not alter the meaning. You have to make sentences to say the same thing in a different way.
 
1. It was not my intention to offend you.
End: ……………………………………. intentionally.
Ans. I did not offend you intentionally.
2. One more effort, and you shall succeed.
Begin: If you....................................................... .
Ans. If you make one more effort, you shall succeed.
 
3. He is discontented notwithstanding that he gets more salary than he deserves.
Begin: Although…………………………………………………….
Ans. Although he gets more salary than he deserves, he is discontented.
 
4. The new regulation made the people happy. End: ……………… to the people.
Ans. The new regulation brought happiness to the people.
 
5. My belief is that he is sincere.
Begin: I ……………………………………….. .
Ans. I am of the belief that he is sincere.
Ans. I believe that he is sincere.
 
6. Supposing it were true, we should act wisely.
Begin: We should act wisely provided………………………… .
Ans. We should act wisely provided it were true.
 
7. It is admitted that he is the greatest leader. Begin: All………………. .
Ans. All admit that he is the greatest leader.
 
8. Persevere and you will succeed. Begin: You will succeed only…………………. .
Ans. You will succeed only if you persevere.
 
9. Poor as he is, he does not beg.
Begin: Although…………………………. .
Ans. Although he is poor, he does not beg.
 
 10. My father was very generous to all.
Begin: My father treated……………………….. .
Ans. My father treated all very generously.
 
11. Had I known what to do, I would have saved much time.
Begin: I would have saved much time, provided……………………….. .
Ans. I would have saved much time, provided that I had known what to do.
 
12. This rumour is incredible. Begin This rumour cannot………………. .
Ans. This rumour cannot be believed.
 
13. If he does not behave properly, he will be dismissed.
Begin: He will not be dismissed……………………………. .
Ans. He will not be dismissed if he behaves properly.
 
14. Supposing you are ill, you can go home.
 
Begin: In case…………………………. .
Ans. In case you are ill, you can go home.
 
15. If I were a rich man, I would have helped him Begin: Were………………….. .
Ans. Were I a rich man, I would have helped him.
 
16. He was successful in winning the race. Begin: He succeeded………………….. .
Ans. He succeeded in winning the race.
 
17. He is rich indeed, but he does not help others Begin: Although……………………. .
Ans. Although he is rich, he does not help others.
 
18. He gave me help ungrudgingly. Begin: He did not………………………… .
Ans. He did not hesitate to help me ungrudgingly.
 
Question 5
 
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets Do not copy the passage, but write in the correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
 
Example: (0) carrying
 
Some years ago, a seven year-old boy was at home when a stranger …...0....... (carry) a black bag …......1....... (call) at his house. Someone in the house was ill. The stranger ….....2…... (examine) the patient and said something to the boy's mother. She listened attentively, obviously much ............... (impress), then took her purse and gave him ten dollars. The visit ….....4……. (last) only a few minutes; but the .......5........ (visit) was treated with respect and …....6…….. (give) ten dollars.
 
After the stranger ......7…... (go), the boy asked the mother, "Who was that man?" "That was the doctor, dear," she replied.
 
Whereupon the boy exclaimed, 'When I grow up, I'm......8.....(go) to be a doctor.
 
Ans. 1. called, 2. examined, 3. impressed, 4. lasted, 5. visitor, 6. given, 7. had gone, 8. am going
 
 
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
 
(a) The General inspired the soldiers ….......... courage.
(b) Tears poured ……........ her cheeks.
(c) I congratulated him ………......... his success.
 
(d) The doctor cured me ……....... the disease.
(e) True happiness consists ………........ contentment.
(d) She has now reconciled herself ................ her lot.
(e) The chairman will preside ………........ the meeting.
(h) I have no hatred …………….......them.
 
Ans. a. with, b. down, c. on, d. of, e. of, f. to, g. over, h. for
 
(i) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
 
1. Arjun is still very weak. He must not play cricket yet.
(a) Arjun must not play cricket as he is very weak.
(b) Arjun should not play cricket as he is still very weak.
(c) Arjun is still weak for playing cricket.
(d) Arjun is still too weak to play cricket.
 
Ans. (d) Arjun is still too weak to play cricket.
 
2. My old car was slow. My new car is much faster.
(a) My new car is faster to my old car was slow.
(b) My new car is faster for my old car.
(c) My new car is much faster than my old car.
(d) My old car is much faster than my new car.
 
Ans. (c) My new car is much faster than my old car.
 
3. He might not be sure about it. In that case, he would not agree to it.
(a) If he is not sure about it, he would not agree to it.
(b) If he may be sure about it, he would not agree to it.
(c) If he is sure about it, he would not agree to it.
(d) If he might be not sure about it, he would agree to it.
 
Ans. (a) If he is not sure about it, he would not agree to it.
 
4. You intervened timely. He would have been fired.
(a) He would have been fired so you intervened timely.
(b) As you intervened timely, he would have been fired.
(c) He would not have been fired but for your timely intervention.
(d) He would have been fired but for your timely intervention.
 
Ans. (d) He would have been fired but for your timely intervention.
 
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. Hardworking students do well in the examination.
(Begin: Students.............................)
(a) Students that work hard, do well in the examination.
(b) Students who work hard do well in the examination.
(c) Students who don't work hard will do well in the examination.
(d) Students that will work hard will do well in the examination.
 
Ans. (b) Students who work hard do well in the examination.
 
2. We have to study a third language up to class VIII. (Use: compulsory)
(a) It is compulsory to study a third language up to class VIII.
(b) It was compulsory to study a third language up to class VIII.
(c) It is compulsory for us to study a third language up to class VIII
(d) It would be compulsory to study a third language up to class VIII.
 
Ans. (c) It is compulsory for us to study a third language up to class VIII.
 
3. He not only advised me but also helped me. (Begin: In addition……………..)
(a) In addition to advising he also helped.
(b) In addition to advising he helped me.
(c) In addition of advising he also helped me.
(d) In addition to advising me he helped me.
 
Ans. In addition to advising me, he helped me.
 
4. The teacher made the pupil empty his bag.
(Begin: The pupil……………………..)
(a) The pupil was made to empty his bag by the teacher.
(b) The pupil was made to empty his bag to the teacher.
(c) The pupil is made to empty his bag by the teacher.
(d) The pupil is maken to empty his bag by the teacher.
 
Ans. The pupil was made to empty his bag.
 
5. Keep quiet or you will be punished. (Begin: If………………….)
(a) If you keep quiet you will be punished.
(b) If you keep quiet you will not be punished.
(c) If you do not keep quiet you are punished.
(d) If you had not keep quiet you will be punished.
 
Ans. (b) If you keep quiet, you will not be punished.
Ans. (or) If you do not keep quiet, you will be punished.
 
6. The climb was steep, but they continued upward.
(Begin: In spite of ………………)
(a) In spite of the steep climb they continued upward.
(b) In spite of the steepness of the climb they continued upward.
(c) In spite of the steepness of the climb they continue upward.
(d) In spite of the steeping of the climb they continued upward.
 
 Ans. (a) In spite of the steep climb, they continued upward.
 
7. As soon as the teacher entered the class, the students opened their books.
(Begin: No sooner................................)
(a) No sooner did the teacher enter the class, than the students opened their books.
(b) No sooner had the teacher enter the class, the students opened their books.
(c) No sooner did the teacher entered the class, than the students opened their books.
(d) No sooner would the teacher enter the class, than the students will open their books.
 
Ans. (a) No sooner did the teacher enter the class, than the students opened their books.
 
8. Training for sports competitions is tiring. (Begin: It..........................)
(a) It is tiring to training for sports competitions.
(b) It is tiring for training for sports competitions.
(c) It is tiring to training in sports competitions.
(d) It is tiring to train for sports competitions.
 
Ans. It is tiring to train for sports competitions.
 
CHAPTER – 15        A. TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES-2
 
ASSIGNMENT
 
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete but sentence B is not. Complete sentence B each time, making it as similar in meaning as possible to sentence A. Make B one sentence, never two. No changes of any kind may be made to the printed parts of B sentences.
 
1. A. Sunil must apologise or he will be dismissed.
B. Sunil must apologise so that…………………………. .
Ans. Sunil must apologise so that he is not dismissed.
 
2. A. In spite of hard work she failed.
B. She worked hard ……………………………………… .
Ans. She worked hard, still she failed.
 
3. A. My frock was not returned until it had been washed.
B....................................................... before it was returned.
Ans. My frock had been washed before it was returned.
 
4. A. I have found the book that I had lost.
B. I had lost a book ................................................ .
Ans. I had lost a book that I have found now.
Ans. I had lost a book, but I have found it now.
 
5. A. This news is too good to be true.
B. This news………………………............... .
Ans. This news seems so good that it cannot be true.
 
6. A. To my great joy he stood first in the examination.
B. He stood first in the examination, therefore ..................... .
Ans. He stood first in the examination, therefore my joy knew no bounds.
 
7. A. Rajiv was opposed by all his friends, still he married the girl.
B. In spite of…………………………………………….. .
Ans. In spite of being opposed by all his friends, Rajiv married the girl.
 
8. A. Unless you confess your guilt, you will be punished.
B. Confess your guilt so that…………………………… .
Ans. Confess your guilt so that you will not be punished.
 
9. A. Although the Major saw the danger, he did not raise the alarm.
B. The Major saw the danger…………………………………… .
Ans. The Major saw the danger; however he did not raise the alarm.
 
10. A. Besides passing the examinations well, he won the first prize.
B. He not only ……………............................. won the first prize.
Ans. He not only passed the examinations well but also won the first prize.
 
11. A. Rekha will not resign unless she is compelled.
B. Rekha will resign only………………………………. .
Ans. Rekha will resign only if she is compelled.
 
12. A. When Shyam had finished his work, he went out to play.
B. Having………………………………………….. to play.
Ans. Having finished his work, Shyam went out to play.
 
Question 5
 
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets.
Do not copy the passage, but write in the correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
 
Example: (0) educated
 
E.F. Schumacher in his book, Small is Beautiful, says that …..0….. (educate) people have a special ....1...... (oblige) to serve their community. He refers to the study ......2...... (make) by the Chinese which …....3...... (show) that thirty farmers .......4....... (have) to work for five years in order to support one student for a five years degree course at a university. Every graduate must be aware of his obligation .......5.... (repay) the debt he owes to his community. Now consider whether a college degree is 'a passport to privilege' or 'an obligation to serve the community. Every educated person who thinks exclusively in terms of his benefits ..,...6..... (say) to be ungrateful. He ......7....... (exploit) the very people who .......8...... (bear) the cost of his education.
 
Ans. 1. obligation, 2. made, 3. shows, 4. have, 5.  to repay, 6.  is said, 7. exploits, 8.  bear
 
(i) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
 
(a) The soldier was relieved ................. his post.
(b) If you look ………....... the field, you will see a temple.
(c) She reminded me ………...... completing my project.
(d) She looked …………......... me as if I were a thief.
(e) I am surprised you fell ……………........ that trick.
(f) Army was called ………......... to deal with the riots in the city.
(g) The magazine tries to cater …………………. all tastes.
(h) The President bestowed the highest honour ……............. her.
 
Ans. a. of, b. across, c. of, d. at, e. for, f. in, g. to, h. upon
 
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
 
1. Meeta is very clever. No problem is beyond her.
(a) No problem is beyond Meeta.
(b) Due to Meeta is clever, no problem is beyond her.
(c) No problem is beyond Meeta as she is very clever.
(d) Meeta is clever for a problem is beyond her.
 
Ans. No problem is beyond Meeta, for she is very clever.
 
2. The workers threatened to go on strike. The company still introduced its new policy.
(a) Despite the workers' threat to go on strike, the company introduced its new policy.
(b) Despite the workers' threaten to go on strike, the company introduced its new policy.
(c) Despite the workers' threat to go on strike, the company introduces its new policy.
(d) The workers threatened to go on strike still the company introduced its new policy.
 
Ans. (d) The workers threatened to go on strike still the company introduced its new policy.
 
3. I knew that he wasn't a Russian. I realised that at once when he spoke.
(a) I realised that he wasn't a Russian the moment he speaks.
(b) I realised that he wasn't a Russian the moment he spoke.
(c) I realised that he isn't a Russian the moment he spoke.
(d) I realised that he wasn't a Russian the moment he speaks. .
 
Ans. (b) I realised that he wasn't a Russian the moment he spoke.
 
4. She is an actor. She is a painter.
(a) She is an actor but a painter.
(b) She is an actor as well as a painter.
(c) She is actor or a painter.
(d) She is an actor also is a painter.
 
Ans. (b) She is an actor as well as a painter.
Ans. (b) She is not only an actor but also a painter.
 
 
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. Rima dressed up and then had her breakfast. (Begin: After....………………)
(a) After being ready Rima had her breakfast.
(b) After having dressed up Rima had her breakfast.
(d) After being dressed up Rima had her breakfast.
(d) After getting dressed up Rima had her breakfast.
 
Ans. (b) After having dressed up Rima had her breakfast.
 
2. He was not sure if he could walk so far. (Use: doubtful)
(a) He is doubtful if he could walk so far.
(b) He was doubtful if he can walk so far.
(c) He was doubtful if he could walk so far.
(d) He doubted if he can walk so far.
 
Ans. (c) He was doubtful if he could walk so far.
 
3. As soon as the Chief Guest had seated himself, the play began.
(Begin: No sooner…………………………….)
(a) No sooner the Chief Guest has seated himself, the play began.
(b) No sooner did the Chief Guest has seated himself, the play began.
(c) No sooner the Chief Guest had seated himself, the play began.
(d) No sooner had the Chief Guest seated himself than the play began.
 
Ans. (d) No sooner had the Chief Guest seated himself than the play began.
 
4. It is more than one hundred years since the birth of Gandhiji.
(Begin: Gandhiji…………………………)
(a) Gandhiji was born more than a hundred years ago.
(b) Gandhiji was born more then a hundred years ago.
(c) Gandhiji was born more than a hundred years before.
(d) Gandhiji was borne more than a hundred years ago.
 
Ans. (a) Gandhiji was born more than a hundred years ago.
 
5. I shall never forget his kindness. (Begin: Shall I ……………….?)
(a) Shall I never forget his kindness?
(b) Shall I never ever forget his kindness?
(c) Shall I ever forget his kindness?
(d) Shall I ever forgot his kindness?
 
Ans. (c) Shall I ever forget his kindness?
 
6. I shall go to the market if you come. (End: ………………. unless you come.)
(a) I will go to the market unless you come.
(b) I will not go to the market unless you come.
(c) To the market I will not go unless you come.
(d) I will stop going to the market unless you come.
 
Ans. I shall not go to the market unless you come.
 
7. In spite of being fat, he runs very fast. (Begin: Although ……………)
(a) Although he is fast, he is not fat.
(b) Although he runs fast, he is fat.
(c) Although he is fat, he runs fast.
(d) Although he is fat, he must run fast.
 
Ans. Although he is fat, he runs fast.
 
8. Apparently there has been an accident. (Begin: It …………..)
(a) It appears that there has been an accident.
( b) It appears that there had been an accident.
(d) It appeared that there had been an accident.
(d) It appears that there had been an accident.
 
Ans. (a) It appears that there has been an accident.
 
 
 
APPENDIX – 1  SPECIMEN PAPER
 
 
Question 5
 
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in the correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
 
Example:
 
Suraj ………(0) ….. (look) out of the door.
 
Answer: looked.
 
He (1) ……………. (catch) sight of the board (2) ……………… (bear) the station's name. He was so (3) ……………… (astonish) that he almost (4) …………. (fall) out of the compartment. He was back in his home town! After (5) ……………. (travel) for forty or fifty kilometers, here he (6) ………………… (is) home again. He (7) ……………….. (can) not understand it. He (8) ………………(climb) out of the compartment slowly.
 
Ans. 1. caught, 2. bearing, 3. astonished, 4. fell, 5. travelling, 6. was, 7. could not, 8. climbed
 
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) Bobby waited in front ……………… the school.
(b) The children were told to return home …………… it became dark.
(c) He wore an old muffler wrapped ……………………..his neck.
(d) We saw the bird fly high ……………… the bower and disappear.
(e) Music therapy is a cure ……………… many ills.
(f) The thief ran ……………….the staircase and out into the yard.
(g) Mr Roy jumped into his car and drove ……………….. as fast as he could.
(h) Please do not get carried ………………by these rumours.
 
Ans. a. of, b. until, c. around, d. above, e. for, f. down, g. away, h. away
 
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
 
1. The teacher arrived. The class started.
(a) The class started with the teacher's arrival.
(b) As soon as the teacher arrived the class started.
(c) When the teacher arrives the class started.
(d) The teacher having arrived the class started.
 
Ans. (b) As soon as the teacher arrived the class started.
 
2. The drive was so tedious. I fell asleep on the backseat.
(a) I fell asleep on the backseat as the drive was too tedious.
(b) I fell asleep on the backseat when the drive became so tedious.
(c) The drive being tedious I slept on the backseat.
(d) The drive has been quite tedious for I fell asleep on the backseat.
 
Ans. The drive was so tedious that I fell asleep on the backseat.
 
3. He was found in possession of the stolen goods. He was punished.
(a) He was punished for keeping the stolen goods.
(b) He was punished as he kept the stolen goods in his possession.
(c) He was punished because the stolen goods were found in his possession.
(d) He was punished for having the stolen goods.
 
Ans. (c) He was punished because the stolen goods were found in his possession.
 
4. Stop talking. Leave the classroom.
(a) Stop talking or leave the classroom.
(b) Leave the classroom to stop talking.
(c) Stop talking to leave the classroom.
(d) If you don't want to stop talking you can leave the classroom.
 
Ans. (a) Stop talking or leave the classroom.
 
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
 
1. "I saw a panther this morning", he said modestly.
(Rewrite using indirect speech.)
(a) He said modestly that he had seen a panther that morning.
(b) He said modestly that he saw a panther this morning.
(c) (He said that he has seen a panther this morning
(d) He said that he has seen a panther that morning.
 
Ans. (a) He said modestly that he had seen a panther that morning.
 
2. Kiran is the fastest runner in our school. (Begin: No other...)
(a) No other runner in our school is fastest as Kiran.
(b) No other runner can run as fast as Kiran in our school.
(c) No other runner in our school is as fast as Kiran.
(d) No other runner in our school is faster to Kiran.
 
Ans. (c) No other runner in our school is as fast as Kiran.
 
3. Susan hid her grandmother's spectacles. (Begin: Her grandmother's...)
(a) Her grandmother's spectacles hid by Susan
(b) Her grandmother's spectacles were hidden by Susan.
(c) Her grandmother's spectacles got hid by Susan.
(d) Her grandmother's spectacles was hidden by Susan.
 
Ans. (b) Her grandmother's spectacles were hidden by Susan.
 
4. Ali was too embarrassed to speak clearly. (Begin: Ali was so...)
(a) Ali was so embarrassed to speak clearly.
(b) Ali was so embarrassed for him to speak clearly.
(c) Ali was so embarrassed with himself to speak clearly.
(d) Ali was so embarrassed that he could not speak clearly.
 
Ans. (d) Ali was so embarrassed that he could not speak clearly.
 
5. As soon as the election results were out, the victory procession started.
(Begin: No sooner...)
(a) No sooner the results were out the victory procession started.
(b) No sooner the results were declared that the victory procession started.
(c) No sooner did the election results were out than the victory procession started.
(d) No sooner have they declared the election results than the procession started.
 
Ans. No sooner were the election results out than the victory procession started.
 
6. Ranji prefers reading a book to watching a movie. (Begin: Ranji would rather...)
(a) Ranji would rather read a book than watch a movie.
(b) Ranji would rather prefer to read a book to watch a movie.
(c) Ranji would rather not read to a book but watch a movie.
(d) Ranji would rather read a book than watching a movie.
 
Ans. (a) Ranji would rather read a book than watch a movie.
 
7. Anu does not study enough, but she still stands first. (Begin: Despite...)
(a) Despite studying enough, Anu did not stand first.
(b) Despite studying much, Anu stood first.
(c) Despite not studying enough, Anu stood first.
(d) Despite not being able to study, Anu stood first.
 
Ans. Despite not studying enough, Anu stands first.
 
8. If Aruna practises, she will win the competition. (Begin: Unless...)
(a) Unless Aruna practices for the competition she will win it.
(b) Unless Aruna wins the competition she has to practice.
(c) Unless Aruna practices, she will not win the competition.
d) Unless Aruna practices, she will win the competition.
 
Ans. Unless Aruna practises, she cannot win the competition.
 

Copyright: Dr. Shankar D Mishra, Bhubaneswar, Odisha

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