Julius Caesar Act III, Scene 2 – Part Three
Lines: Antony: If you have tears, prepare to shed
them now……………. Antony: Belike they had some notice of the people, how I had
mov’d them. Bring me to Octavius.
Exeunt.
Text
Antony:
If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
You
all do know this mantle: I remember
The
first time ever Caesar put it on;
‘Twas
on a summer's evening, in his tent,
That
day he overcame the Nervii.
Look,
in this place ran Cassius' dagger through:
See
what a rent the envious Casca made:
Through
this the well-beloved Brutus stabb'd;
And,
as he pluck'd his cursed steel away,
Mark
how the blood of Caesar follow'd it,
As
rushing out of doors, to be resolv'd
If
Brutus so unkindly knock'd or no;
For
Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel:
Judge,
O you gods, how dearly Caesar lov'd him!
This
was the most unkindest cut of all;
For
when the noble Caesar saw him stab,
Ingratitude,
more strong than traitors' arms,
Quite
vanquished him; then burst his mighty heart;
And,
in his mantle muffling up his face,
Even
at the base of Pompey's statue,
Which
all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell.
O
what a fall was there, my countrymen!
Then
I, and you, and all of us fell down,
Whilst
bloody treason flourish'd over us
O,
now you weep, and I perceive you feel
The
dint of pity, these are gracious drops.
Kind
souls, what, weep you when you but behold
Our
Caesar's vesture wounded? Look you here,
Here
is himself, marr'd, as you see, with traitors
First
Citizen: O piteous spectacle!
Second
Citizen: O noble Caesar!
Third
Citizen: O woful day!
Fourth
Citizen: O traitors! villains!
First
Citizen: O most bloody sight!
Second
Citizen: We will be revenged
Citizens:
Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill! Slay!
Let
not a traitor live!
Antony:
Stay, countrymen!
First
Citizen: Peace there! Hear the noble Antony
Second
Citizen: We'll hear him, we'll follow him, we'll die with him.
Antony:
Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up
To
such a sudden flood of mutiny
They
that have done this deed are honourable
What
private griefs they have, alas, I know not,
That
made them do it, they are wise and honourable
And
will, no doubt, with reasons answer you
I
come not, friends, to steal away your hearts.
I
am no orator, as Brutus is,
But,
as you know me all, a plain blunt man,
That
love my friend; and that they know full well
That
gave me public leave to speak of him.
For
I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth,
Action,
nor utterance, nor the power of speech,
To
stir men's blood. I only speak right on.
I
tell you that which you yourselves do know,
Show
you sweet Caesar's wounds, poor poor dumb mouths,
And
bid them speak for me but were I Brutus,
And
Brutus Antony, there were an Antony
Would
ruffle up your spirits, and put a tongue
In
every wound of Caesar, that should move
The
stones of Rome to rise and mutiny.
Citizens:
We'll mutiny.
First
Citizen: We'll burn the house of Brutus
Third
Citizen: Away, then! come, seek the conspirators
Antony:
Yet hear me, countrymen, yet hear me speak.
Citizens:
Peace, hol hear Antony, most noble Antony.
Antony:
Why, friends, you go to do you know not what.
Wherein
hath Caesar thus deserv'd your loves?
Alas!
you know not: I must tell you, then.
You
have forgot the will I told you of
Citizens:
Most true. The will! let's stay and hear the will.
Antony:
Here is the will, and under Caesar's seal
To
every Roman citizen he gives,
To
every several man, seventy-five drachmas.
Second
Citizen: Most noble Caesar! we'll revenge his death.
AThird
Citizen: O royal Caesar!
Antony:
Hear me with patience
Citizens:
Peace, ho!
Antony:
Moreover, he hath left you all his walks,
His
private arbours and new-planted orchards,
On
this side Tiber, he hath left them you,
And
to your heirs for ever, common pleasures,
To
walk abroad, and recreate yourselves.
Here
was a Caesar! when comes such another?
First
Citizen: Never, never! Come, away, away!
We'll
burn his body in the holy place,
And
with the brands fire the traitors' houses.
Take
up the body
Second
Citizen:
Third
Citizen: Go fetch fire
Pluck
down benches.
Fourth
Citizen: Pluck down forms, windows, any thing
Exeunt
Citizens with the body
Antony:
Now let it work
Mischief,
thou art afoot,
Take
thou what course thou wilt!
Enter
a Servant.
How
now, fellow!
Servant:
Sir, Octavius is already come to Rome
Antony:
Where is he?
Servant:
He and Lepidus are at Caesar's house
Antony:
And thither will I straight to visit him.
He
comes upon a wish. Fortune is merry,
And
in this mood will give us any thing
Servant:
1 heard him say, Brutus and Cassius
Are
rid like madmen through the gates of Rome.
Antony:
Belike they had some notice of the people,
How
I had mov'd them. Bring me to Octavius.
Exeunt
Glossary
1. Tears – drops of water that come from the eyes when
someone cries
2. Shed – to let fall or drop (as in tears or blood)
3. Mantle – a cloak or loose outer garment
4. Tent – a temporary shelter made of cloth used by
soldiers or travellers
5. Overcame – defeated or won a victory over
6. Nervii – a warlike Belgian tribe defeated by Caesar
7. Ran through – pierced or stabbed completely
8. Rent – a tear or hole made by force
9. Envious – feeling jealousy or ill will
10. Well-beloved – dearly loved
11. Stabb’d – pierced with a knife or dagger
12. Pluck’d – pulled out or removed quickly
13. Cursed – wicked or hateful; deserving curse
14. Steel – sword or dagger (made of steel)
15. Mark – notice or observe carefully
16. Rushing – moving swiftly or with great force
17. Resolv’d – determined; decided
18. Unkindly – cruelly; without kindness
19. Knock’d – struck or hit (figuratively, attacked)
20. Angel – dearest or best-beloved person
21. Judge – to decide or form an opinion
22. Dearly – very much; affectionately
23. Unkindest – most cruel or most heartless
24. Cut – wound or stab
25. Ingratitude – lack of thankfulness; betrayal of
kindness
26. Vanquish’d – completely defeated or overcome
27. Burst – broke suddenly and violently
28. Mighty – powerful or great
29. Mantle (second use) – Caesar’s cloak used to cover
his face
30. Muffling – covering to hide or protect
31. Base – foot or lower part of something
32. Pompey’s statue – statue of Pompey, Caesar’s old
rival
33. Ran blood – was covered or flowed with blood
34. Fell – collapsed or died
35. Countrymen – fellow citizens of the same country
36. Treason – betrayal of one’s country or ruler
37. Flourish’d – thrived or triumphed
38. Dint – effect or force of something
39. Pity – sorrow for another’s suffering
40. Gracious – kind or compassionate
41. Drops – tears
42. Vesture – clothing or garment
43. Marr’d – damaged or spoiled
44. Traitors – people who betray their country or
friends
45. Piteous – deserving pity; heart-breaking
46. Spectacle – something seen; a sight or scene
47. Woeful – full of grief or sorrow
48. Villains – wicked or evil people
49. Revenged – punished in return for a wrong
50. About – move quickly or act at once
51. Slay – kill violently
52. Countrymen (second use) – fellow citizens
53. Peace – silence or calm
54. Flood of mutiny – sudden outbreak of rebellion
55. Mutiny – rebellion or uprising against authority
56. Deed – action or act (especially a bad one)
57. Honourable – respected or worthy of respect
58. Private griefs – personal reasons or sorrows
59. Alas – an expression of sorrow
60. Wise – intelligent or sensible
61. No doubt – certainly; without question
62. With reasons answer you – justify their acts
63. Steal away your hearts – win your affection
secretly
64. Orator – skilled public speaker
65. Plain blunt man – straightforward and simple man
66. Wit – intelligence or cleverness
67. Worth – merit or value
68. Action – movement or gesture in speech
69. Utterance – spoken expression
70. Stir men’s blood – arouse strong emotions
71. Speak right on – speak directly and simply
72. Dumb mouths – silent wounds (metaphorically unable
to speak)
73. Ruffle up your spirits – excite or stir your
emotions
74. Tongue in every wound – make each wound speak
75. Move – stir to action
76. Mutiny (second use) – violent uprising
77. Burn the house – destroy by fire
78. Conspirators – plotters or those who joined in
murder
79. Yet – still or nevertheless
80. Deserv’d – earned or merited
81. Loves – affection or loyalty
82. Will – written document stating a person’s wishes
after death
83. Seal – official mark or stamp
84. Roman citizen – a member of Rome entitled to
rights
85. Several – each individual
86. Drachmas – silver coins used in ancient Rome and
Greece
87. Revenge – take vengeance for a wrong
88. Patience – calm waiting or self-control
89. Moreover – in addition
90. Walks – public paths or gardens
91. Arbours – shady garden places with trees or vines
92. Orchards – gardens of fruit trees
93. Tiber – the river flowing through Rome
94. Heirs – lawful successors or inheritors
95. Common pleasures – public places for recreation
96. Recreate – refresh or amuse oneself
97. Brands – burning sticks used as torches
98. Forms – benches or seats
99. Windows – openings in walls for light
100. Exeunt – stage direction meaning “they exit”
101. Mischief – evil or harm
102. Afoot – begun; in progress
103. Take thou what course thou wilt – go as you
please; follow your own way
104. Fellow – man or companion
105. Octavius – Caesar’s adopted son and heir
106. Lepidus – one of Caesar’s allies
107. Thither – to that place
108. Straight – immediately or directly
109. Upon a wish – exactly as desired
110. Fortune – luck or fate
111. Merry – favourable or cheerful
112. Mood – state of mind or feeling
113. Gates – city entrances or exits
114. Belike – probably or perhaps
115. Notice – information or news
116. Mov’d them – stirred their emotions or incited
them
117. Bring me – lead me or take me
118. Exeunt (second use) – they leave the stage
Paraphrase
Antony: If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.
You all do know this mantle: I remember the first time ever Caesar put it on;
’twas on a summer’s evening, in his tent, that day he overcame the Nervii.
Look, in this place ran Cassius’ dagger through: see what a rent the envious
Casca made: through this the well-beloved Brutus stabb’d; and, as he pluck’d
his cursed steel away, mark how the blood of Caesar follow’d it, as rushing out
of doors, to be resolv’d if Brutus so unkindly knock’d or no; for Brutus, as
you know, was Caesar’s angel: judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar lov’d him!
This was the most unkindest cut of all; for when the noble Caesar saw him stab,
ingratitude, more strong than traitors’ arms, quite vanquish’d him; then burst
his mighty heart; and, in his mantle muffling up his face, even at the base of
Pompey’s statue, which all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell. O what a
fall was there, my countrymen! Then I, and you, and all of us fell down, whilst
bloody treason flourish’d over us. O, now you weep, and I perceive you feel the
dint of pity; these are gracious drops. Kind souls, what, weep you when you but
behold our Caesar’s vesture wounded? Look you here, here is himself, marr’d, as
you see, with traitors.
First Citizen: O piteous spectacle!
Second Citizen: O noble Caesar!
Third Citizen: O woful day!
Fourth Citizen: O traitors! villains!
First Citizen: O most bloody sight!
Second Citizen: We will be revenged.
Citizens: Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill!
Slay! Let not a traitor live!
Antony: Stay, countrymen!
First Citizen: Peace there! Hear the noble Antony.
Second Citizen: We'll hear him, we'll follow him,
we'll die with him.
Antony: Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir
you up to such a sudden flood of mutiny. They that have done this deed are
honourable. What private griefs they have, alas, I know not, that made them do
it; they are wise and honourable, and will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.
I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts. I am no orator, as Brutus is;
but, as you know me all, a plain blunt man, that love my friend; and that they
know full well that gave me public leave to speak of him. For I have neither
wit, nor words, nor worth, action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech, to
stir men’s blood. I only speak right on; I tell you that which you yourselves
do know; show you sweet Caesar’s wounds, poor poor dumb mouths, and bid them
speak for me; but were I Brutus, and Brutus Antony, there were an Antony would
ruffle up your spirits, and put a tongue in every wound of Caesar, that should
move the stones of Rome to rise and mutiny.
Citizens: We'll mutiny.
First Citizen: We'll burn the house of Brutus.
Third Citizen: Away, then! come, seek the
conspirators.
Antony: Yet hear me, countrymen, yet hear me speak.
Citizens: Peace, ho! Hear Antony, most noble Antony.
Antony: Why, friends, you go to do you know not what.
Wherein hath Caesar thus deserv’d your loves? Alas! you know not: I must tell
you, then. You have forgot the will I told you of.
Citizens: Most true. The will! let's stay and hear the
will.
Antony: Here is the will, and under Caesar’s seal. To
every Roman citizen he gives, to every several man, seventy-five drachmas.
Second Citizen: Most noble Caesar! we'll revenge his
death.
Third Citizen: O royal Caesar!
Antony: Hear me with patience.
Citizens: Peace, ho!
Antony: Moreover, he hath left you all his walks, his
private arbours and new-planted orchards, on this side Tiber; he hath left them
you, and to your heirs for ever, common pleasures, to walk abroad and recreate
yourselves. Here was a Caesar! When comes such another?
First Citizen: Never, never! Come, away, away! We'll
burn his body in the holy place, and with the brands fire the traitors’ houses.
Take up the body.
Second Citizen: Go fetch fire.
Third Citizen: Pluck down benches.
Fourth Citizen: Pluck down forms, windows, anything.
Exeunt Citizens with the body.
Antony: Now let it work. Mischief, thou art afoot,
take thou what course thou wilt! Enter a Servant. How now, fellow!
Servant: Sir, Octavius is already come to Rome.
Antony: Where is he?
Servant: He and Lepidus are at Caesar’s house.
Antony: And thither will I straight to visit him. He
comes upon a wish. Fortune is merry, and in this mood will give us anything.
Servant: I heard him say, Brutus and Cassius are rid
like madmen through the gates of Rome.
Antony: Belike they had some notice of the people, how
I had mov’d them. Bring me to Octavius.
Exeunt.
1. Multiple Choice
Questions
1. “If you have tears, prepare to shed them now” — Who
speaks this line?
a) Brutus b) Cassius c) Antony d) Octavius
Answer: c) Antony
2. What does Antony refer to by the word “mantle”?
a) Helmet b) Sword c) Cloak d) Ring
Answer: c) Cloak
3. When did Caesar first put on his mantle, according
to Antony?
a) On a winter’s night b) On a summer’s evening c)
During his coronation d) On a stormy night
Answer: b) On a summer’s evening
4. Where was Caesar when he first wore his mantle?
a) In the senate b) In his home c) In his tent d) On
the battlefield
Answer: c) In his tent
5. Which tribe did Caesar defeat on that day?
a) Gauls b) Nervii c) Romans d) Britons
Answer: b) Nervii
6. Who’s dagger does Antony say “ran through” Caesar?
a) Brutus’s b) Cassius’s c) Casca’s d) Decius’s
Answer: b) Cassius’s
7. What does Antony call Casca’s stab?
a) Gentle b) Honourable c) Envious d) Cowardly
Answer: c) Envious
8. What does Antony say followed Brutus’s dagger when
he pulled it out?
a) Air b) Blood c) Tears d) Hope
Answer: b) Blood
9. What figure of speech is used in “blood of Caesar
followed it, as rushing out of doors”?
a) Simile b) Metaphor c) Hyperbole d) Personification
Answer: d) Personification
10. What term does Antony use to describe Brutus in
relation to Caesar?
a) His angel b) His brother c) His enemy d) His ruler
Answer: a) His angel
11. What does Antony call “the most unkindest cut of
all”?
a) Cassius’s wound b) Casca’s wound c) Brutus’s stab
d) Trebonius’s strike
Answer: c) Brutus’s stab
12. What emotion does Antony say overpowered Caesar
more than the traitors’ arms?
a) Grief b) Fear c) Ingratitude d) Pity
Answer: c) Ingratitude
13. What happened to Caesar’s heart?
a) It stopped gently b) It burst c) It froze d) It
turned to stone
Answer: b) It burst
14. Where did Caesar fall?
a) On the battlefield b) At Pompey’s statue c) In the
forum d) In his house
Answer: b) At Pompey’s statue
15. What covered Pompey’s statue during the scene of
murder?
a) Blood b) Flowers c) Garlands d) Wine
Answer: a) Blood
16. What does Antony call Caesar’s fall?
a) A glorious fall b) A great fall c) A tragic fall d)
A dreadful fall
Answer: c) A tragic fall
17. What does Antony mean by “Then I, and you, and all
of us fell down”?
a) They physically fell b) Rome’s honour fell c) They
died d) They prayed
Answer: b) Rome’s honour fell
18. What does Antony see in the citizens’ eyes as he
speaks?
a) Anger b) Pity c) Joy d) Surprise
Answer: b) Pity
19. What are “gracious drops” according to Antony?
a) Raindrops b) Tears c) Sweat d) Blood
Answer: b) Tears
20. What does Antony call “Caesar’s vesture wounded”?
a) His body b) His cloak c) His face d) His statue
Answer: b) His cloak
21. What does Antony show the people after the cloak?
a) Caesar’s wounds b) Caesar’s sword c) Caesar’s
letter d) Caesar’s crown
Answer: a) Caesar’s wounds
22. What do the citizens call the sight of Caesar’s
body?
a) Noble b) Piteous c) Common d) Pleasant
Answer: b) Piteous
23. What do the citizens cry for after Antony’s
description?
a) Justice b) Celebration c) Revenge d) Silence
Answer: c) Revenge
24. What word do the citizens repeat in fury?
a) Mutiny b) Revenge c) Honour d) Rome
Answer: b) Revenge
25. What does Antony say to calm them?
a) Peace, countrymen b) Stay, countrymen c) Silence,
Romans d) Wait, Romans
Answer: b) Stay, countrymen
26. How do the citizens describe Antony?
a) The noble Antony b) The angry Antony c) The cruel
Antony d) The foolish Antony
Answer: a) The noble Antony
27. What does Antony say he does not want to stir up?
a) Peace b) Love c) Mutiny d) Honour
Answer: c) Mutiny
28. What kind of flood does Antony refer to?
a) Of blood b) Of fire c) Of mutiny d) Of rain
Answer: c) Of mutiny
29. What does Antony call the conspirators repeatedly?
a) Traitors b) Honourable men c) Enemies d) Fools
Answer: b) Honourable men
30. What does Antony claim he doesn’t know about the
conspirators?
a) Their plans b) Their private griefs c) Their names
d) Their future
Answer: b) Their private griefs
31. What does Antony call himself in contrast to
Brutus?
a) A plain blunt man b) A noble Roman c) A philosopher
d) A poet
Answer: a) A plain blunt man
32. What does Antony say he lacks?
a) Wit, words, and worth b) Power, money, and honour
c) Sword, shield, and courage d) Time, patience, and faith
Answer: a) Wit, words, and worth
33. What does Antony mean by “speak right on”?
a) Speak continuously b) Speak softly c) Speak
directly and simply d) Speak angrily
Answer: c) Speak directly and simply
34. What does Antony call Caesar’s wounds?
a) Sweet mouths b) Dumb mouths c) Bloody mouths d)
Open mouths
Answer: b) Dumb mouths
35. What would Antony do if he were Brutus?
a) Forgive the killers b) Calm the crowd c) Rouse
their spirits d) Leave Rome
Answer: c) Rouse their spirits
36. What would Antony give to each wound of Caesar if
he could?
a) Gold b) A tongue c) A jewel d) A kiss
Answer: b) A tongue
37. What would Antony’s words make “the stones of
Rome” do?
a) Cry b) Rise and mutiny c) Burn d) Speak
Answer: b) Rise and mutiny
38. What do the citizens decide to do?
a) Build a statue b) Mutiny c) Flee d) Honour Brutus
Answer: b) Mutiny
39. Whose house do the citizens want to burn first?
a) Casca’s b) Brutus’s c) Antony’s d) Cassius’s
Answer: b) Brutus’s
40. What does Antony ask the citizens to do again?
a) Listen b) Fight c) Run d) Pray
Answer: a) Listen
41. What does Antony remind them about?
a) Caesar’s will b) Caesar’s crown c) Caesar’s army d)
Caesar’s statue
Answer: a) Caesar’s will
42. How much money does Caesar leave each Roman
citizen?
a) 50 drachmas b) 75 drachmas c) 100 drachmas d) 150
drachmas
Answer: b) 75 drachmas
43. What does Antony say Caesar also left to the
people?
a) Gold b) Palaces c) Gardens and orchards d) Ships
Answer: c) Gardens and orchards
44. Where were Caesar’s gardens located?
a) Near the Senate b) On this side of Tiber c) Beyond
the Forum d) Near Pompey’s statue
Answer: b) On this side of Tiber
45. To whom were the gardens left?
a) Senators b) Priests c) Citizens and their heirs d)
Soldiers
Answer: c) Citizens and their heirs
46. What purpose did Caesar intend the gardens for?
a) Public recreation b) Military use c) Burial grounds
d) Private profit
Answer: a) Public recreation
47. What do the citizens cry after hearing about the
will?
a) Long live Brutus b) Never, never c) We’ll burn his
body d) Honour to Antony
Answer: c) We’ll burn his body
48. Where do they plan to burn Caesar’s body?
a) In the street b) In the holy place c) In the senate
d) In Pompey’s theatre
Answer: b) In the holy place
49. What do they plan to do with the fire afterward?
a) Burn the traitors’ houses b) Light the forum c)
Celebrate d) Burn Pompey’s statue
Answer: a) Burn the traitors’ houses
50. What does “Exeunt” mean in stage directions?
a) They enter b) They exit c) They speak d) They fight
Answer: b) They exit
51. What does Antony say after the citizens leave?
a) “Peace at last” b) “Now let it work” c) “Forgive
them” d) “Rome is safe”
Answer: b) “Now let it work”
52. What does Antony call “afoot”?
a) Mischief b) War c) Justice d) Peace
Answer: a) Mischief
53. What does Antony mean by “take thou what course
thou wilt”?
a) Do as you please b) Stop immediately c) Go home d)
Choose peace
Answer: a) Do as you please
54. Who enters after the citizens leave?
a) Brutus b) Cassius c) A Servant d) Octavius
Answer: c) A Servant
55. What news does the servant bring?
a) The conspirators are dead b) Octavius has come to
Rome c) Lepidus is leaving Rome d) Caesar is alive
Answer: b) Octavius has come to Rome
56. Who is Octavius?
a) Caesar’s friend b) Caesar’s heir c) Antony’s enemy
d) A senator
Answer: b) Caesar’s heir
57. Who is with Octavius at Caesar’s house?
a) Casca b) Lepidus c) Brutus d) Cinna
Answer: b) Lepidus
58. What does Antony decide to do next?
a) Leave Rome b) Visit Octavius c) Kill Brutus d)
Surrender
Answer: b) Visit Octavius
59. What does Antony mean by “Fortune is merry”?
a) Luck is smiling on him b) He is sad c) Rome is
ruined d) The gods are angry
Answer: a) Luck is smiling on him
60. What news does the servant give about Brutus and
Cassius?
a) They are dead b) They are arrested c) They have
fled from Rome d) They have surrendered
Answer: c) They have fled from Rome
2. ONE MARK QUESTIONS
1. Who is the speaker of the passage?
Answer: Antony
2. Who is Antony addressing in the speech?
Answer: Roman citizens
3. What does Antony ask the people to prepare for at
the start?
Answer: To shed tears
4. What object does Antony show to the citizens?
Answer: Caesar’s mantle (cloak)
5. When had Caesar first worn the mantle?
Answer: On a summer evening in his tent
6. Whom had Caesar defeated that day?
Answer: The Nervii
7. Whose dagger ran through Caesar’s mantle?
Answer: Cassius’s dagger
8. Who made a rent in Caesar’s cloak?
Answer: Casca
9. Who gave “the most unkindest cut of all”?
Answer: Brutus
10. What followed Brutus’s dagger as he pulled it out?
Answer: Caesar’s blood
11. What does Antony call Brutus in relation to
Caesar?
Answer: Caesar’s angel
12. What emotion overpowered Caesar more than the
traitors’ swords?
Answer: Ingratitude
13. What happened to Caesar’s heart when he saw Brutus
stab him?
Answer: It burst
14. Where did Caesar fall?
Answer: At the base of Pompey’s statue
15. What was happening to Pompey’s statue at that
moment?
Answer: It ran with blood
16. What does Antony mean by “O what a fall was
there”?
Answer: Caesar’s fall was tragic for Rome
17. What did Antony and the citizens metaphorically do
when Caesar fell?
Answer: They fell with him
18. What emotion does Antony say the citizens feel?
Answer: Pity
19. What are “gracious drops”?
Answer: Tears
20. What does Antony call Caesar’s clothing?
Answer: Vesture
21. How was Caesar’s body described by Antony?
Answer: Marr’d (mangled) by traitors
22. What do the citizens call the scene of Caesar’s
body?
Answer: A piteous spectacle
23. What do the citizens cry for after Antony’s words?
Answer: Revenge
24. What do the citizens shout repeatedly?
Answer: “Revenge! Burn! Kill! Slay!”
25. What does Antony say to stop the citizens?
Answer: “Stay, countrymen!”
26. How do the citizens respond to Antony’s request?
Answer: They agree to hear him
27. What does Antony warn the crowd against?
Answer: A sudden flood of mutiny
28. What term does Antony use repeatedly for the
conspirators?
Answer: Honourable men
29. What does Antony claim he does not know about the
conspirators?
Answer: Their private griefs
30. What kind of man does Antony call himself?
Answer: A plain blunt man
31. Who does Antony say is a skilled orator?
Answer: Brutus
32. What does Antony say he lacks to stir men’s blood?
Answer: Wit, words, and worth
33. What does Antony call Caesar’s wounds?
Answer: Dumb mouths
34. What would Antony give each wound if he could?
Answer: A tongue
35. What does Antony say his words could make “the
stones of Rome” do?
Answer: Rise and mutiny
36. What do the citizens decide to do after Antony’s
speech?
Answer: Mutiny
37. Whose house do they want to burn first?
Answer: Brutus’s house
38. What does Antony remind the crowd about next?
Answer: Caesar’s will
39. How much money did Caesar leave for every Roman
citizen?
Answer: Seventy-five drachmas
40. What else did Caesar leave to the people?
Answer: His gardens and orchards
41. On which side of the Tiber were Caesar’s orchards
located?
Answer: On this side of Tiber
42. To whom were the orchards left?
Answer: To the citizens and their heirs
43. For what purpose were the gardens left?
Answer: For recreation and walking
44. What do the citizens plan to do with Caesar’s
body?
Answer: Burn it in the holy place
45. What will they use the fire for afterward?
Answer: To burn the traitors’ houses
46. What stage direction follows the citizens’
departure?
Answer: Exeunt Citizens with the body
47. What does Antony say after the citizens leave?
Answer: “Now let it work. Mischief, thou art afoot.”
48. Who enters after the citizens leave?
Answer: A servant
49. What news does the servant bring?
Answer: Octavius has arrived in Rome
50. With whom is Octavius staying?
Answer: Lepidus
3. “Who said to whom?”
1. “If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
2. “You all do know this mantle.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
3. “Look, in this place ran Cassius’ dagger through.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
4. “See what a rent the envious Casca made.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
5. “Through this, the well-beloved Brutus stabb’d.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
6. “This was the most unkindest cut of all.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
7. “For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar’s angel.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
8. “Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him!”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
9. “This was the most unkindest cut of all.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
10. “O, what a fall was there, my countrymen!”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
11. “Then I, and you, and all of us fell down.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
12. “O, now you weep; and I perceive you feel.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
13. “Kind souls, what weep you when you but behold our
Caesar’s vesture wounded?”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
14. “Look you here, here is himself, marr’d, as you
see, with traitors.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
15. “O piteous spectacle!”
Answer: One of the Citizens to Antony and the crowd
16. “Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill! Slay!”
Answer: The Citizens to one another
17. “Stay, countrymen.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
18. “Peace there! Hear the noble Antony.”
Answer: A Citizen to the crowd
19. “Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you
up to such a sudden flood of mutiny.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
20. “I am no orator, as Brutus is.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
21. “But, as you know me all, a plain blunt man.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
22. “For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth.”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
23. “Here was Caesar! When comes such another?”
Answer: Antony to the Citizens
24. “We’ll burn his body in the holy place, and with
the brands fire the traitors’ houses.”
Answer: The Citizens to one another
25. “Now let it work. Mischief, thou art afoot. Take
thou what course thou wilt!”
Answer: Antony (soliloquy, to himself)
4. Reference to Context
Extract 1:
“If you have tears, prepare to shed them
now.”
Q1. Who is the speaker of these words?
Ans: Antony
Q2. To whom are these words addressed?
Ans: Roman Citizens
Q3. What emotion is Antony trying to evoke?
Ans: Pity and sorrow for Caesar
Q4. What is Antony about to show the citizens?
Ans: Caesar’s wounded body and cloak
Q5. In what tone are these words spoken?
Ans: Emotional and persuasive
Q6. What effect do these words have on the crowd?
Ans: They prepare the citizens to sympathize with
Caesar
Extract 2:
“You all do know this mantle: I remember
the first time ever Caesar put it on.”
Q1. What is meant by “mantle”?
Ans: Caesar’s cloak
Q2. When did Caesar first wear it?
Ans: On a summer evening after defeating the Nervii
Q3. Why does Antony mention this memory?
Ans: To make Caesar’s death more personal and tragic
Q4. What rhetorical device is used here?
Ans: Recollection for emotional appeal
Q5. What does this show about Antony’s relationship
with Caesar?
Ans: Deep affection and loyalty
Q6. What mood is created?
Ans: Nostalgic and mournful
Extract 3:
“Look, in this place ran Cassius’ dagger
through; see what a rent the envious Casca made.”
Q1. Who is “Cassius”?
Ans: One of Caesar’s assassins
Q2. What does “rent” mean?
Ans: A tear or cut
Q3. Why does Antony mention these names?
Ans: To expose each conspirator’s cruelty
Q4. What is Antony showing physically?
Ans: The holes in Caesar’s cloak
Q5. What emotion does Antony stir here?
Ans: Anger against the conspirators
Q6. What quality of Antony is revealed?
Ans: His skill in emotional manipulation
Extract 4:
“This was the most unkindest cut of all.”
Q1. Whose cut is Antony referring to?
Ans: Brutus’s cut
Q2. Why is it called the “most unkindest”?
Ans: Because Brutus was Caesar’s dearest friend
Q3. What figure of speech is used in “most unkindest”?
Ans: Superlative for emphasis
Q4. What does Antony highlight here?
Ans: Brutus’s betrayal and Caesar’s heartbreak
Q5. What effect does this line have on the citizens?
Ans: They feel outrage against Brutus
Q6. What is Antony’s purpose in saying this?
Ans: To turn the people against Brutus
Extract 5:
“Then burst his mighty heart; and, in his
mantle muffling up his face, even at the base of Pompey’s statue, great Caesar
fell.”
Q1. What does “burst his mighty heart” mean?
Ans: Caesar died from emotional and physical wounds
Q2. Where did Caesar fall?
Ans: At the base of Pompey’s statue
Q3. What is significant about Pompey’s statue?
Ans: Pompey was once Caesar’s rival
Q4. What emotion does Antony express?
Ans: Deep grief
Q5. What does “muffling up his face” mean?
Ans: Covering his face with his cloak
Q6. How does Antony use this to move the people?
Ans: By portraying Caesar’s death as noble and tragic
Extract 6:
“O, what a fall was there, my countrymen!”
Q1. Who speaks these words?
Ans: Antony
Q2. What “fall” does he refer to?
Ans: The fall of Caesar
Q3. What does this fall symbolize?
Ans: The downfall of Rome’s greatness
Q4. Who is being addressed?
Ans: Roman citizens
Q5. What feeling does Antony want to awaken?
Ans: National shame and sorrow
Q6. What rhetorical device is used here?
Ans: Exclamation for emphasis
Extract 7:
“O, now you weep; and I perceive you feel
the dint of pity.”
Q1. Who is “you” here?
Ans: The Roman citizens
Q2. What does “dint of pity” mean?
Ans: The touch or influence of compassion
Q3. What does Antony notice about the citizens?
Ans: They have begun to cry
Q4. What caused their emotion?
Ans: Antony’s moving words
Q5. What technique is Antony using?
Ans: Emotional appeal (pathos)
Q6. What stage of persuasion is this?
Ans: The crowd’s sympathy turning to loyalty
Extract 8:
“Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill!
Slay!”
Q1. Who speaks these words?
Ans: The Citizens
Q2. What do they want revenge for?
Ans: Caesar’s murder
Q3. Against whom are they shouting?
Ans: The conspirators
Q4. What emotion dominates this scene?
Ans: Rage and frenzy
Q5. How has Antony influenced them?
Ans: He has incited rebellion
Q6. What kind of atmosphere is created?
Ans: Violent and chaotic
Extract 9:
“Good friends, sweet friends, let me not
stir you up to such a sudden flood of mutiny.”
Q1. Who speaks this line?
Ans: Antony
Q2. What is Antony pretending here?
Ans: That he doesn’t want rebellion
Q3. What does “flood of mutiny” mean?
Ans: A violent uprising
Q4. What is Antony’s real intention?
Ans: To provoke mutiny indirectly
Q5. What figure of speech is used in “flood of
mutiny”?
Ans: Metaphor
Q6. What quality of Antony is shown?
Ans: Clever and manipulative orator
Extract 10:
“I am no orator, as Brutus is.”
Q1. Who says this and to whom?
Ans: Antony to the citizens
Q2. What does he mean by “orator”?
Ans: A skilled public speaker
Q3. Is Antony’s statement true?
Ans: No, he is ironically more persuasive
Q4. What tone is this line spoken in?
Ans: Modest and ironic
Q5. What rhetorical device is used?
Ans: Irony
Q6. What is Antony trying to achieve?
Ans: To appear sincere and humble
Extract 11:
“I tell you that which you yourselves do
know; show you sweet Caesar’s wounds, poor dumb mouths.”
Q1. What are called “dumb mouths”?
Ans: Caesar’s wounds
Q2. What does Antony mean by “bid them speak for me”?
Ans: The wounds will silently accuse the murderers
Q3. What figure of speech is used here?
Ans: Personification
Q4. What emotion does this create?
Ans: Pity and horror
Q5. What is Antony’s aim here?
Ans: To stir the citizens’ anger
Q6. What does “sweet Caesar” signify?
Ans: Antony’s affection and reverence
Extract 12:
“Here is the will, and under Caesar’s
seal.”
Q1. Who brings up Caesar’s will?
Ans: Antony
Q2. Why does he mention it?
Ans: To arouse curiosity and affection
Q3. What does the will contain?
Ans: Gifts to every Roman citizen
Q4. What is meant by “seal”?
Ans: Official mark or signature
Q5. What effect does this have on the people?
Ans: They become more loyal to Caesar
Q6. How does this serve Antony’s plan?
Ans: It turns the crowd violently against the
conspirators
Extract 13:
“To every Roman citizen he gives, to every
several man, seventy-five drachmas.”
Q1. Who is “he” here?
Ans: Caesar
Q2. What does each Roman receive?
Ans: Seventy-five drachmas
Q3. What is a drachma?
Ans: A unit of money
Q4. How does this generosity affect the citizens?
Ans: They call Caesar “noble” and “royal”
Q5. What rhetorical appeal is this?
Ans: Appeal to self-interest and gratitude
Q6. What is Antony’s goal in revealing this?
Ans: To make Caesar’s killers seem even crueler
Extract 14:
“He hath left you all his walks, his
private arbours and new-planted orchards.”
Q1. What has Caesar left the citizens?
Ans: His gardens and orchards
Q2. What does “arbours” mean?
Ans: Shady garden places or bowers
Q3. What river is mentioned in this context?
Ans: The Tiber
Q4. What is Antony emphasizing here?
Ans: Caesar’s love for his people
Q5. What is the citizens’ reaction?
Ans: They declare Caesar noble and vow revenge
Q6. What theme is reflected?
Ans: Public generosity versus private greed
Extract 15:
“Now let it work. Mischief, thou art
afoot, take thou what course thou wilt!”
Q1. Who says this line?
Ans: Antony
Q2. What does “mischief” refer to?
Ans: The chaos Antony has unleashed
Q3. What literary device is used?
Ans: Apostrophe (addressing an abstract idea)
Q4. What does “afoot” mean?
Ans: Set in motion
Q5. What does this reveal about Antony’s character?
Ans: He is shrewd and vengeful
Q6. What is the tone of the line?
Ans: Triumphant and darkly satisfied
5. TWO MARK QUESTIONS
1. How does Antony use Caesar’s cloak to
arouse pity?
Antony recalls the first time Caesar wore the cloak
and points out each tear made by the conspirators’ daggers. By describing the
wounds and calling them “poor dumb mouths,” he emotionally connects the
citizens to Caesar’s suffering and makes them pity his death deeply.
2. Why does Antony call Brutus’s stab “the
most unkindest cut of all”?
He calls it so because Brutus was Caesar’s dearest
friend. The betrayal from someone Caesar loved and trusted broke his heart more
than all the other wounds, making Brutus’s act the most cruel and unkind of
all.
3. What is the significance of Caesar
falling at the base of Pompey’s statue?
It is symbolic irony. Pompey was once Caesar’s rival
whom he defeated, yet Caesar died at the feet of Pompey’s statue, suggesting
the revenge of fate and emphasizing the tragic and poetic justice of the scene.
4. How does Antony portray Brutus during
his speech?
Antony calls Brutus “honourable” repeatedly but with
increasing irony. He pretends to respect him while actually making the people
doubt his honour and painting him as a hypocritical and treacherous murderer of
Caesar.
5. What is Antony’s tone when he says, “I
am no orator, as Brutus is”?
The tone is humble yet ironic. Antony pretends to be a
plain, blunt man but uses this statement cleverly to win the people’s sympathy
and to appear sincere while manipulating them emotionally.
6. What is the effect of Antony’s speech
on the Roman crowd?
Antony’s speech transforms the calm citizens into an
angry mob. He stirs their emotions from grief to fury until they decide to burn
the conspirators’ houses and seek revenge for Caesar’s death.
7. What is meant by “the dint of pity”?
It means the touch or influence of compassion. Antony
notices that his emotional appeal has successfully moved the citizens to tears,
showing that they have begun to feel genuine sorrow for Caesar.
8. How does Antony use Caesar’s will to
influence the people?
He cleverly mentions the will, delays reading it to
raise curiosity, then reveals that Caesar left money and gardens to all Romans.
This act turns the crowd’s affection and loyalty strongly in Caesar’s favour.
9. What does Antony mean by “Mischief,
thou art afoot”?
It means that the rebellion and chaos he has stirred
are now beginning. He personifies “mischief,” showing his acceptance that the
mob’s violence will now proceed uncontrollably against the conspirators.
10. Why does Antony call Caesar “sweet
Caesar”?
He uses the affectionate term “sweet” to express
personal love and respect. It also evokes tenderness among the listeners,
softening their hearts and increasing their sympathy for Caesar.
11. What does Antony mean by “I tell you
that which you yourselves do know”?
Antony means that he is not fabricating or
exaggerating anything but merely recalling what the citizens already know about
Caesar’s kindness, generosity, and love for Rome. This statement builds his
credibility, making his words sound truthful and sincere while subtly preparing
the crowd to doubt Brutus’s accusations of ambition.
12. What does Antony imply when he says
“They that have done this deed are honourable”?
Antony repeatedly calls the conspirators “honourable
men,” but his tone is clearly sarcastic. Each repetition deepens the irony,
contrasting their supposed honour with their cruel and treacherous act. Through
this irony, Antony gradually persuades the listeners to see the hypocrisy and
guilt of Brutus and his fellow conspirators.
13. What was Caesar’s gift to every Roman
in his will?
In his will, Caesar bequeathed seventy-five drachmas
to every Roman citizen, along with access to his private gardens and orchards
situated near the Tiber River for their recreation and benefit. This generous
act of public love and charity demonstrates Caesar’s deep affection for the
people and his true greatness as a leader.
14. How does Antony appeal to the
citizens’ emotions?
Antony skilfully stirs the crowd’s emotions by
combining powerful imagery, personal recollections, and rhetorical pauses. He
displays Caesar’s wounded body, recalls his compassion for the poor, and
dramatizes his sorrow. These techniques awaken pity, admiration, and anger,
transforming the audience’s grief into outrage against the conspirators who
murdered Caesar.
15. What reaction do the citizens have
when Antony shows Caesar’s body?
When Antony uncovers Caesar’s mutilated body, the
citizens are overcome with grief, horror, and fury. They weep for their fallen
leader, curse the assassins, and denounce them as “traitors” and “villains.”
Their sorrow quickly turns into a collective thirst for revenge, signalling the
birth of mob violence and rebellion.
16. Why does Antony address Caesar’s
wounds as “poor dumb mouths”?
Antony personifies Caesar’s wounds, calling them “poor
dumb mouths” that silently beg for justice. This vivid image makes the lifeless
body appear to accuse the conspirators directly. By attributing speech to the
wounds, Antony deepens the emotional effect and stirs the audience’s sympathy
and moral outrage against the murderers.
17. What is Antony’s motive behind
pretending to restrain the crowd?
Antony’s pretence of restraining the crowd is a clever
rhetorical strategy. He appears calm and reasonable, seeming to discourage
violence. However, this feigned moderation inflames the citizens’ passions even
more. His subtle reverse psychology makes them feel it is their moral duty to
avenge Caesar’s death immediately.
18. How does Antony use irony in his
speech?
Antony’s speech is built around masterful irony. While
repeatedly calling the conspirators “honourable men,” he presents evidence that
proves the opposite. His calm tone masks his true intent, allowing the citizens
to reach the conclusion themselves. This controlled irony exposes the hypocrisy
of the conspirators and wins public sympathy for Caesar.
19. Why does Antony recall Caesar’s
victory over the Nervii?
Antony recalls Caesar’s heroic victory over the Nervii
to remind the crowd of his military bravery and patriotic service. This
reference evokes pride and admiration in the citizens’ hearts, emphasizing
Caesar’s greatness as a defender of Rome. It also highlights the cruelty and
ingratitude of those who betrayed and murdered him.
20. How does Antony’s speech mark a
turning point in the play?
Antony’s funeral oration completely reverses public
opinion. The citizens who once supported Brutus now condemn him and his fellow
conspirators. His emotional persuasion transforms reason into rage, leading the
mob to mutiny. This pivotal shift ushers in an age of chaos, revenge, and civil
war throughout Rome.
6. THREE MARK QUESTIONS
1. Describe Antony’s strategy in his
funeral oration.
Antony begins with restraint, pretending to honour
Brutus and the conspirators. Gradually, he uses emotional appeal, irony, and
Caesar’s wounds to awaken pity. He finally reveals Caesar’s will, which turns
grief into anger. His controlled tone manipulates the crowd into rebellion,
proving his mastery of rhetoric and human psychology.
2. How does Antony contrast himself with
Brutus in his speech?
Antony calls himself “no orator, as Brutus is,”
claiming to be plain-spoken and sincere. This humble pose wins the people’s
trust. Ironically, Antony’s emotional and persuasive speech is far more
powerful than Brutus’s logical one, showing that heartfelt appeal can outweigh
reason in moving public opinion.
3. Explain how Antony’s speech transforms
the mood of the citizens.
At first, the citizens are calm and confused after
Brutus’s justification. Antony slowly changes this mood by stirring grief,
pity, and anger. As he displays Caesar’s wounds and reveals the will, their
emotions erupt into violent fury, and they become a raging mob seeking revenge.
4. What role does Caesar’s will play in
Antony’s success?
The will becomes Antony’s final emotional weapon. By
revealing Caesar’s generosity—money and public gardens—he proves Caesar’s love
for Rome and contrasts it with the conspirators’ cruelty. The people, feeling
indebted and enraged, rise to avenge Caesar’s death.
5. Discuss Antony’s use of irony in the
funeral oration.
Antony constantly calls the conspirators “honourable
men,” but his tone is sarcastic. Each repetition increases doubt about their
honour. His apparent praise hides accusation, and irony becomes his sharpest
rhetorical tool, turning the citizens against the conspirators without openly
blaming them.
6. How does Antony use imagery to move the
Roman people?
Antony uses vivid and emotional images—the torn
mantle, Caesar’s bleeding wounds, and the statue of Pompey running blood. These
pictures create a sense of horror and pity, forcing the citizens to visualize
Caesar’s murder and feel its brutality, thus stirring them to rebellion.
7. What is the significance of Antony’s
closing words: “Mischief, thou art afoot”?
These words show Antony’s awareness that his speech
has set chaos in motion. He accepts the coming violence as justice for Caesar’s
murder. The line personifies “mischief” as a living force and reflects Antony’s
satisfaction in having turned the mob’s emotions to his cause.
8. How does Antony establish himself as
both loyal and cunning?
He shows loyalty by mourning Caesar sincerely and
calling him “sweet Caesar.” Yet his calculated emotional manipulation and
ironic restraint reveal cunning. He disguises his revenge under apparent
modesty, proving himself both a devoted friend and a brilliant strategist.
9. In what way does Antony’s speech reveal
his understanding of human nature?
Antony understands that people respond more to emotion
than logic. He appeals to their hearts through pity, grief, and generosity
instead of reasoning. His step-by-step persuasion transforms ordinary citizens
into a passionate mob, proving his deep psychological insight.
10. How does Antony’s speech contribute to
the tragedy of Julius Caesar?
Antony’s oration ignites the chain of violence that
follows Caesar’s death. By turning the mob against the conspirators, he
destroys public order and leads Rome into civil war. His success in stirring
chaos marks the tragic collapse of reason and the triumph of passion in the
play.
COURTESY:
Meta AI & ChatGPT
Compiled
by Dr. Shankar D Mishra
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