Page 51/52
In the past the culprits were being punished severely. / In the past the culprits were being given severe punishments.
The field of our school was being cleaned well every day
The soldiers were being supplied with eggs and milk regularly. / Eggs and milk were being regularly supplied to the soldiers.
Rice was being imported from Burma to Bengal every year.
Were the gold coins being used in our country in the past? / Were the coins of gold in use in our country in the past?
Were the girls being given higher education in your time/days?
Was wealth being earned by foul/dishonest/unfair means in the past?
The patients were not being given good medicines in the hospitals a few years ago.
The culprits were never being excused/forgiven/pardoned during the rule /reign/regime of Allauddin
Page 53
The work had been completed after a month due to lack ok time/ for want of time.
The house had been beautifully decorated on his birthday.
Ibrahim Lodi had been defeated by Babar in the first battle of Panipath.
The work had been stopped due to lack of funds/ for want of funds.
Had the crops been reaped before the winter season?
The results of the examination had not been declared/ announced in the month of May.
The work had not been completed before the rainy season.
Page 54
Once I went
to Bhubaneswar thirty years ago.
A bridge was
being constructed/built across the Kathajodi at that time.
The work was
being carried out/executed by the big contractors.
The construction
of the pillars got/was completed during summer.
Other building
materials were being collected before the rainy season.
Each work
was being examined by the engineers of Odisha.
Half the
work was completed the same year, and the other half of the work started/commenced
again after the rainy season.
Page 56
The house
will be constructed in the month of Baisakh.
A bridge will
be built across the river Rushikulya during the 7th Five year plan.
/There will be a bridge built across the river Rushikulya during the 7th
Five year plan.
The house
will be decorated with lights on the marriage/wedding day.
The paddy
will be reaped and harvested during winter.
The prize-giving
ceremony will be held in our school next month/in the coming month.
Will there
be a meeting in the field tomorrow?
Will the
ministers be invited to the meeting?
Will the
watch be repaired again?
Will the play
be staged again?/ Will the drama be played again?
Will the
children be examined/tested again?
The well
will not be dug in the rainy season.
The school
will not be closed/ will not remain closed next Thursday.
The fees
will not be collected at the end of the month.
The servants
will not be granted leave at the end of this month.
Henceforward,
he patients will not be supplied with medicines free of cost.
Page 57
Dr. Sitanath
will be elected the President of our village committee this year.
A clerk will
be appointed to assist him.
All the
funds of the committee will be deposited in a bank.
A club house
and a library will be built during the coming three years for the use of the
village.
The club
house will be pretty big and spacious.
The minister
will be requested to grant some money for the library.
Our institution
will be popular within a few days.
Page 59/60
The children
of our class elected Hari their leader.
The parents
named the child Gourang.
The people
of India elected Moraji Desai the Prime Minister.
He has been
made the secretary of the school committee.
The people
of Ayodhya wished to make Ramachandra the King.
Gandhiji is
called the Father of the Nation.
I was made
the monitor of our class.
Page 61
I know him
to be poor.
He appears
to be honest.
The old man
appears to be ill.
I call them
fools.
The boy has
made his parents unhappy/sad.
The teacher made
the students silent.
Disease/Illness
has made him too weak.
The hunters
saw the lion dead.
The boy
struck the snake dead.
I consider
him to be wise/intelligent. / I regard him as wise/intelligent.
Page 62/63
There are
147 seats in the Legislative Assembly of Odisha.
Out of that the
Congress occupied 57 seats and the Ganatantra Parisad secured 53 seats in the
general election of 1956.
Dr. Mahatab
was elected the leader of the Congress Party, and he was made the Chief
Minister.
Pandit
Nilakanth was elected the Speaker of the House.
The
ministers and the members of the Legislative Assembly are called Honourable.
The members
speak nothing without the permission of the Speaker.
The Speaker
alone lets the members and the Ministers speak.
He maintains
the discipline of the House, and does not let the members make noises.
Having seen
him coming, the members stand up.
Having heard
him speaking something, all keep quiet.
Having known
him announcing anything, the members listen (to him) with attention.
Therefore,
the Speaker is most powerful in the Legislative Assembly.
Page 65
To slaughter
the cows is a cruelty. / Slaughtering the cows is a cruelty. / It is a cruelty
to slaughter the cows.
To assist/help
the black marketeers is an offence. / Assisting / Helping the black marketeers is
an offence. / It is an offence to assist/help the black marketeers.
To neglect
one’s parents is inhuman. / Neglecting one’s parents is inhuman. / It is
inhuman to neglect one’s parents.
To disbelieve
God is a sin. / Disbelieving God is a sin. / It is a sin to disbelieve God.
To steal
other’s things is an evil deed. / Stealing other’s things is an evil deed. / It
is an evil deed to steal other’s things.
To enjoy
oneself everything is selfishness. / Enjoying oneself everything is selfishness.
/ It is selfishness to enjoy oneself everything.
To run a
business all alone is foolishness. / Running a business all alone is
foolishness. / It is foolishness to run a business all alone.
To swim in
the river is dangerous. / Swimming in the river is dangerous. / It is dangerous
to swim in the river.
Page 67
Father has gone fishing. Will you go hunting?
He has gone to ride the horse.
Do you want to post the letter in this post office?
I don’t want to beat anyone.
Children like to travel by train.
I don’t want to shout here.
Page 67/68
Don’t gossip, keep working.
What answers will I give/reply if you keep questioning/asking questions like this?
The people in the jungle regions keep the fire burning around the corn fields.
Don’t stand, keep running.
He kept singing for an hour.
Page 76/77
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Father made
me apologize to the teacher.
The teacher
helped me solve/work out the sum.
Mother bade
me go to the market.
I did not
expect you to fail. / I did not expect that you would fail.
You should
not miss such a chance/opportunity. / You should not let slip such a
chance/opportunity.
You had
better not do such a work. / You would rather not do such a work.
You had
better not come to me. / You would rather not come to me.
You had
better ask your father before joining this job. / You would rather ask your
father before joining this job.
You had
better do the work with care. / You would rather do the work with care.
The boy does
nothing but sleep.
The idle
people do nothing but eat.
He knows
nothing but laugh.
Page 81/82
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Although he is intelligent, he is not industrious.
Though you work more, you get less profit.
Notwithstanding that he talks less, he talks well.
Despite coming too late, he finished his work much earlier.
He has wealth, however he is too miserly.
In spite of having good rainfalls last year, the crops were not so impressive.
If you finish the work on time, I will give you a reward.
If the students did not go to school, they would be punished. / Unless the students went to school, they would be punished.
If it did not rain this morning, I would go to Cuttack. / Unless it rained this morning, I would go to Cuttack.
You can see him if he comes here. / You can see him provided that he comes here.
If it storms, the house will collapse. / If there is a storm, the house will collapse.
Had the teacher been here, he/she would have reprimanded you.
If Napoleon had not attacked Russia, he would not have been defeated. / Unless Napoleon attacked Russia, he would not be defeated.
Had I the wings of a bird, I could fly.
The train having reached the station, the passengers got down.
The rain having stopped/subsided/ceased, the students went to school.
The sun having risen, darkness disappeared.
Prithviraj having been defeated, Jayachandra got delighted.
It being winter, the fields were covered with snow.
Today being the last day of March, we shall work longer in the office.
It being a public property, the government should take care of it.
With the coming of floods, the people began to suffer. / The floods having come, the people began to suffer.
With the falling of nights, the earth got covered up with darkness. The nights having fallen, the earth got covered up with darkness.
With the arrival of rains, the roads became muddy. / The rains having arrived, the roads became muddy.
With the approach of the examinations, the students became busy with studies. / The examinations having approached, the students became busy with their studies.
With the longer duration/stay of winter, the tress became bald and ugly. / The winter having stayed longer, the tress became bald and ugly.
The meals being ready, we sat down to eat.
What makes old age sorrowful is want. / It is the want that makes old age sorrowful. / That which makes old age sorrowful is want.
What pierces the heart of a man like an arrow is the harsh words. / It is the harsh words that pierce the heart of a man like an arrow. / That which pierces the heart of a man like an arrow is the harsh words.
What is pleasing to the eyes is the beauty of flowers. / It is the beauty of flowers that is pleasing to the eyes. / That which is pleasing to the eyes is the beauty of flowers.
What is condemned by most is violence. / It is violence that is condemned by most. / That which is condemned by most is violence.
What makes our towns unhygienic is the ditches and drains. / It is the ditches and drains that make our towns unhygienic. That which makes our towns unhygienic is the ditches and drains.
What is not known to anyone is future. / It is the future that is not known to anyone. / That which is not known to anyone is future.
There can be no happiness without sorrow.
There can be no life without air.
There can be no smoke without fire.
There was little doubt that he would fail. / No one had a doubt about his failure.
It would be better were there another teacher in the school. / It would be better if the school had another teacher.
It is true that there has been no investigation about the matter/event.
His father knows that he has very little chance of passing. / His father knows that there is very little chance of his passing.
There was a time when there was too much difference between man and man.
There seems to be lack of understanding between you and me. / It seems that there is lack of understanding between you and me.
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It is said about Madhubabu that he was hardworking.
It is heard of Gopabandhu that he was honest and truthful.
It is a misfortune for Odisha that there is no strong/powerful leader now in Odisha.
It is foolish of the students to take part in politics.
It is the foremost duty of the teachers that they should love the students. / To love the students is the foremost duty of the teachers. / The foremost duty of the teachers is to love the students.
It is beyond/past my capacity/power to finish the work in a day. / To finish the work in a day is beyond/past my capacity/power.
It is one’s prime duty to help the poor under all circumstances. / To help the poor under all circumstances is one’s prime duty. / One’s prime duty is to help the poor under all circumstances.
Dr. Livingstone promised that he would either explore Africa or die.
My friends told me that they would come to our house in the evening.
The police received the information that the dacoits were coming towards our house.
Towards the later part of the night, the dacoits found that one of them was missing.
The teacher told us that both the earth and the sun are round/spherical.
All of us knew that man is mortal.
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I believe that my friends won’t return.
My father thinks that they have gone to their village.
But, Kailash Babu has now sent me word that they were moving on the bank of the river in the evening.
So, I have decided that I will send a person to the bank of the river.
If they say that they will come to our house, I shall arrange supper for them.
Please get/have the work done.
I shall get my food cooked/prepared by my grandmother.
Will you get/have book written again?
Will they get/have the watch mended again tomorrow?
The Headmaster will get/have our results declared by the end of this month.
Get/Have the letter sealed and stamped.
I shall get/have this book printed again.
Mother gets/has my clothes washed and cleaned by the lady servant/maid.
The teacher gets/has our lessons repeated.
We/They should get/have the fields ploughed before the rains.
He gets/has the land ploughed by his servant. / He gets/has his servant to plough the land.
The teacher gets/has us to clean the classrooms. / The teacher gets/has the classrooms cleaned by us.
He got/had a gardener to plant the flower plants in the garden. / He got/had the flower plants planted in the garden by a gardener.
Sita got/had a hair dresser/barber to cut her hair. Sita got/had her hair cut by a hair dresser/barber.
I shall get/have my servant to repair my cycle. / I shall get/have my cycle repaired by my servant.
Please get/have someone else to do this work. / Please get/have this work done by someone else.
We should not make the children cry.
The master makes his dog sleep on the floor.
The teacher made us work out the sum time and again.
The music teacher made the girl dance again.
Father made us do the work again.
The game teacher made us play the game again.
Madhubabu made the carpenters build the house again.
In spite of /Despite having wealth, he is unhappy.
In spite of /Despite knowing that you are his teacher, he insulted you.
In spite of /Despite having fought bravely, Prithviraj was defeated.
In spite of /Despite being old, he is active enough.
In spite of /Despite having lived in the jungle, he has never seen a tiger.
In spite of /Despite having taken costly medicines, he could not be cured.
Page 101/102
Abdul is as
strong as his brother.
Abdul’s
brother is not so/as strong as Abdul.
An aero
plane can fly more speedily than a bird.
A bird
cannot fly as speedily as an aero plane.
Akbar is/was
one of the most famous Mughal emperors.
Very few Mughal
emperors are/were as much famous as Akbar.
Kolkata is
the biggest city of India.
No other city
in India is as big as Kolkata.
With regard
to the human habitation, Jacobabad is the biggest place of the world.
The United States
of America is wealthier than any other country of the world.
The fruits
of this tree are sweeter than those of that tree.
The shoes of
Kanpur are more durable than those of Madras.
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