A part of speech (also called a word
class) is a category
that describes the role a word that plays in a sentence. Understanding the
different parts of speech can help us to analyze how words function in a
sentence and improve our writing. The
main parts of speech are:
1. Noun: A word that refers to a
person, place, thing, or idea. (e.g., "book", "city",
"happiness")
2. Pronoun: A word that replaces
nouns. (e.g., "he", "she", "it")
3. Adjective: A word that qualifies
or describes nouns or pronouns. (e.g., "happy", "big",
"blue")
4. Verb: A word that expresses an
action, occurrence, or state of being. (e.g., "run", "eat",
"be", "do", "have")
5. Adverb: A word that modifies or
describes verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. (e.g., "quickly",
"very", "well")
6. Conjunction: A word that connects
words, phrases, or clauses. (e.g., "and", "but",
"so", "or" "after" , "because" )
7. Preposition: A word that shows
relationships between words or phrases. (e.g., "in", "on",
"under")
8. Interjection: A word that expresses
a strong emotion or feeling. (e.g., "oh", "wow",
"ouch", "alas",)
1. NOUN
Here are the main five types of
nouns with examples:
1. Proper Noun: (Denotes the names
of specific people, places, organizations, etc.)
- Ram, Puri, Ganga,
Monday
2. Common Noun: (Denotes a class of
objects or general terms, not specific.)
- Dog, city, company,
day
3. Collective Noun: (Denotes
several persons or things regarded as one groups.)
- Jury, committee,
family, team, flock, herd
4. Material Noun: (Denotes a
substance of which things are made.)
- Gold, mud, paper,
silk, rice
5. Abstract Noun: (Denotes a
quality, action or state that can't be perceived through senses.)
- Happiness, freedom,
love, anger
Here are some more types of nouns
with examples:
1. Concrete Noun: (Denotes
tangibility i.e., which can be perceived through senses.)
- Book, chair, apple,
car
2. Countable Noun: (That can be
counted individually.)
- Cat, house, pen,
idea
3. Uncountable Noun: (That can't be
counted individually.)
- Water, air, music,
happiness
4. Possessive Noun: (That shows
ownership or relationship.)
- My car, John's book,
the cat's toy
5- Verbal Noun: (That is derived
from a verb, ending in ‘ing’ or’-ment’.)
- Swimming, movement
6- Gerundial noun: (That which ends
in -ing, and functions as a noun.)
- Singing, dancing
7- Infinitive Noun (That which
begins with ‘to’ and functions as a noun.)
- To run, to eat
2. PRONOUN
Here are the main types of pronouns:
1. Personal Pronouns replace
nouns for individuals or groups.
- I, me, we, us, you,
he, him, she, her, it, they, them
2. Possessive Pronouns show
ownership or relationship.
- Mine, ours, yours,
his, hers, its, theirs
3. Demonstrative Pronouns point
out specific nouns.
- This, that, these,
those
4. Distributive Pronouns express
distribution or sharing.
- Each, everyone,
either, neither
5. Reciprocal Pronouns express
mutual action or relationship.
- Each other, one
another
6. Relative Pronouns introduce
dependent clauses.
- Who, which, that,
whom, whose
7. Reflexive/Emphatic
Pronouns refer back to/ emphasize the subject.
- Myself, ourselves,
yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves
8. Indefinite Pronouns refer
to non-specific nouns.
- Someone, somebody,
anyone, anybody, no one, nobody, none, something, anything, nothing, one, some,
all, theyfew, many
9. Interrogative Pronouns ask
questions about nouns.
- Who, what, which,
whom, whose
10. Impersonal pronoun stands
for no noun whatever.
- It
Here are the examples of different
types of pronouns:
1. Personal Pronouns
- I: "I am going to the
store."
- We: "We are going on
vacation."
- You: "You are my best
friend."
- He/She/It: "He is studying
for the exam."
- They: "They are coming over
tonight."
2. Possessive Pronouns
- Mine: "This book is
mine."
- Ours: "This house is
ours."
- Yours: "That car is
yours."
- His/Hers: "This phone is
his/hers.
- Theirs: "This idea was
theirs."
3. Demonstrative Pronouns
- This: "This is an interesting
book."
- That: "That is an expensive
car."
- These: "These are comfortable
shoes."
- Those: "Those are expensive
toys."
4. Distributive Pronouns
- Each: "Each of them will
receive a gift."
- “These picture cards cost each
five rupees.”
- “These picture cards cost five
rupees each.”
- “The blue, the green and the
yellow cards each cost five rupees.”
- Either: "Either of the
options is acceptable."
- Neither: "Neither of the
answers is good."
5. Reciprocal Pronouns
- "The two friends love
each other."
- "The three friends love one
other."
- "We gave each other
gifts."
- "They help one another with
their homework."
- "Ram and Hari respect each
other's opinions."
6. Relative Pronouns
- Who: "The person who called
is my friend."
- Whom: "The person whom I met
is a doctor."
- Which: "The book, which is on
the table, is mine."
- That: "The car that I bought
is expensive."
- Whose: "The person whose
phone is ringing is my sister."
Compound Relative Pronouns
Compound Relative Pronouns are
formed by adding so, ever, or -soever to who, which and what.
(whosoever, whoever, whichsoever,
whichever, whatsoever, whatever)
Whatever (anything which)
happens I will face it.
Whoever (any person who) comes is
welcome.
Whatsoever you learn you must
remember.
Among these chocolates take
whichsoever you like best.
The thief shall be punished,
whosoever he may be.
Take any of these pens, whichever
you may like.
7. Reflexive Pronouns
- Myself: "I cut myself while
shaving."
- Yourself: "You should try it
yourself."
- Himself/Herself/Itself: "He
himself made the mistake."
- Ourselves: "We ourselves are
responsible."
- Themselves: "They themselves
are to blame."
Emphatic Pronouns
- Myself: "I myself will finish
the project."
- Yourself: "You yourself are
responsible for the loss."
- Himself/Herself": He/She
himself/herself made the decision."
Itself: "The earth itself
moves."
- Ourselves: "We ourselves have
cultivated the lands."
- Themselves: "They themselves
worked out the sums."
Difference between reflexive pronouns
and emphatic pronouns.
i. Reflexive Pronouns:
- Refer back to the subject of the
sentence.
- Indicate that the subject is also
the object of the action.
- Typically used with verbs that
indicate an action that affects the subject itself.
Examples:
- I wash myself. (The subject
"I" is also the object receiving the action of washing)
- She cut herself. (The subject
"She" is also the object receiving the action of cutting)
ii. Emphatic Pronouns:
- Emphasize the noun or pronoun they
refer to.
- Add stress or emphasis to a
statement.
- Can be used to emphasize the
subject, object or complement of a sentence.
Examples:
- I myself will attend the meeting.
(Emphasizes that the speaker, the subject and no one else, will attend the
meeting.)
- She herself made the cake. (Here,
‘herself ‘emphasizes that she, the subject, and no one else, made the cake.)
-The best player in the team is he
himself. (Here, ‘himself ‘emphasizes that he, the complement, and no one else,
is the best player.)
- The decision was taken by the
captain himself. (Here, ‘himself ‘emphasizes that he, the object, and no one
else, took the decision.)
8. Indefinite Pronouns:
One hardly knows what to do
One does not like to say so, but it is only too true.
One cannot be too careful of one's (not, his) good name.
One must not boast of one's own success
One must use one's best efforts it one wishes to succeed.
One must not praise one's self.
Someone is at the door.
Something is missing.
Anyone can join.
Anything is possible.
Nobody is at home.
Nothing is wrong.
None of his poems are well known.
None but fools have ever believed it
[None is a shortened form of not
one, yet it is commonly used with plural verbs)
They (= people in general) say he has lost heavily.
They say that one of the local banks has stopped payment.
[They say it is said by some persons.)
All were drowned.
Some are born great.
Some say he is a sharper
Somebody has stolen my watch.
Nobody was there to rescue the child.
Few escaped unhurt.
Many of them were Gurkhas.
We did not see any of
them again.
One or other of us will be there.
Do good to others.
Did you ask anybody to
come?
What is everybody's business
is nobody's business.
His words are in everyone's mouth.
*All the above Pronouns in italics
refer to persons or things in a general way, but do not relate to any person or
thing in particular. They are, therefore, called Indefinite Pronouns.
Interrogative Pronouns
9. Interrogative Pronouns
- Who: "Who is going to the
party?"
- What: "What is your
name?"
- Which: "Which is your
book?"
- Whose: "Whose is this
pen?"
10. Impersonal pronoun
It rain.
It snows.
It thunders.
In the above sentences the pronoun
‘It’ stands for no noun whatsoever.
3. ADJECTIVE
Here are the main types of
adjectives:
1. Quantitative adjectives express
quantity or amount.
- Some, any, all, few,
many, much, little
2. Qualitative adjectives express
quality or characteristics.
- Happy, blue, big,
soft, interesting
3. Demonstrative adjectives point
out specific nouns.
- This, that, these,
those
4. Distributive adjectives express
distribution or sharing.
- Each, every, either,
neither
5. Possessive adjectives show
ownership or relationship.
- My, your, his, her,
its, our, their
6. Numeral adjectives express number
or rank or position.
- All, few, some, no,
most, several
- One, two, three
- Cardinal adjectives
- First, second, next
- Ordinal adjectives
7. Proper adjectives express
about the proper nouns.
- Indian,
Chinese, Japanese, Swiss, French, British
8. Interrogative adjectives ask
questions about nouns.
- What, which, how
many, how much
9. Exclamatory adjectives
express strong feelings.
- What, how
10. Emphasizing adjectives give
emphasis on something.
- Very, own
11. Relative adjectives relate
nouns.
- What, which
12. Comparative adjectives compare
two things.
- Bigger, happier,
more interesting
13. Superlative adjectives compare
three or more things.
- Biggest, happiest,
most interesting
14. Compound adjectives are made up
of two or more words.
- Well-known,
full-time, part-time
15. Attributive adjectives come
before the nouns they qualify.
- The big house, the beautiful sunrise
16. Predicative adjectives follow a
linking verb and describe the subject.
- She is happy. He is
tall.
Here are the examples of
different types of adjectives in sentences:
1.
Quantitative adjectives
- Give me some milk.
- Have you any rice?
- All work no play makes Jack a
dull boy.
- Few mangoes are rotten.
- I have taught many students.
- An empty vessel makes much sound.
- There is little water in the jug.
2. Qualitative adjectives
- Happy people are
luck people.
- The sky is blue.
- It is a big temple.
- His voice is soft.
- The story was interesting.
3. Demonstrative adjectives
- This pen is mine.
- That pen is yours.
- These pens are black.
- Those books are new.
4. Distributive adjectives
- Each player was
awarded.
- Every student was present in the class.
- Either question is wrong.
- Neither question is correct.
5. Possessive adjectives
- My pen is red.
- Your pen is blue.
- His dress is brown.
- Her frock is white.
- Its colour is black.
- Our country is big.
- Their demands were fulfilled.
6. Numeral adjectives
- All students have
passed.
- Few students have failed.
- Some students have passed.
- No students have failed.
- Most students have passed.
- Several students have passed.
- One student has
passed.
- Two students have passed.
- Three students have passed.
- The first question
has been solved.
- The second question has been solved.
- The next question will be solved.
7. Proper adjectives
- Indian players
have won the match.
- The Chinese toys are cheap.
- The Japanese people are industrious.
- A Swiss player has won the match.
- The French player did well in the game.
- The British government took this decision.
8. Interrogative adjectives
- What questions did
he ask you?
- Which book do you want?
- How many questions did you solve?
- How much money did you spend?
9. Exclamatory adjectives
- What easy questions
these are!
- How easy these questions are!
10. Emphasizing adjectives
- I asked these very questions.
- I saw this with my own eyes.
11. Relative adjectives
- Write what answers you know.
- Tell which pen you bought.
12. Comparative adjectives
- This is bigger than
any other fish.
- The poor are happier than the rich.
- This story is more interesting than that one.
13. Superlative adjectives
- Corruption is the biggest
problem in the world.
- The honest people are the happiest people.
- This is the most interesting story I have ever read.
14. Compound adjectives
- He is a well-known
poet.
- We need a full-time teacher.
- We need a part-time teacher.
15. Attributive adjectives
- The big house belongs to Mr. Dash.
- Everyone likes the beautiful
sunrise.
16. Predicative adjectives
- She is happy.
- He is tall.
- The house is big.
- The sunrise is beautiful.
4. VERB
Here are the main types of verbs
with examples:
1. Action verbs express physical or
mental action.
- Run, think, read,
write, dance
2. Linking verbs connect the subject
to additional information. They are followed by predicate nominative (a noun or
pronoun that renames the subject) or a predicate adjective (an adjective that
describes the subject.)
- Be, seem, appear,
become, and feel
3. Static verbs express an
unchanging state or a permanent or condition. They do not connect the subject
to additional information. They are not followed by predicate nominative (a
noun or pronoun that renames the subject) or a predicate adjective (an
adjective that describes the subject.)
- Be, have, belong, contain,
remain, exist, possess, know, understand, like
4. Helping verbs, also called
Auxiliary verbs, used to help form tense, or voice.
- Do, be and have
5. Modal verbs express possibility,
necessity, or obligation or change modes.
- Can, could, may,
might, shall, should, will, would
6. Transitive verbs take an object
directly.
- Throw the ball, eat
an apple, and write a letter
7. Intransitive verbs don't take an
object directly.
- Sleep, laugh, cry,
run, jump
8. Regular verbs follow predictable
conjugation patterns.
- Walk, talk, listen,
finish
9. Irregular verbs don't follow
predictable conjugation patterns.
- Go, went, gone/
take, took, taken/ be, was, been
10. Dynamic verbs express actions or
changes.
- Run, jump, learn,
grow, and develop
11. Phrasal verbs combine with
prepositions or adverbs to change meanings.
- Put up with, go on, break
out, and carry out
12. Tense-specific verbs are used
only in specific tenses.
- ‘Used to’ past
habit/ ‘be going to’ future intention
13. Finite verbs have tense and
agree with the number and person of the subject.
- I go./ He goes./They were going.
14. Non-finite verbs have no tense
and do not agree with the number and person of the subject.
- going, gone, having gone, to go
Here are the examples of
different types of verbs in sentences:
1. Action verbs
- Children are running.
- I am thinking to start a business.
- Students are reading.
- He writes poems.
- She dances well.
2. Linking verbs
- They become business
partners.
- We became friends.
- This Ram.
- This is I/he.
- He is happy.
- I am happy.
- We are happy.
- He was happy.
- I was happy.
- We were happy.
- He will be happy.
- I shall be happy.
- We shall be happy.
- They seem happy.
- The sky appears cloudy.
- They become friends.
- I feel/am tired.
3. Static verbs
- He is a doctor.
- I am a student.
- We are farmers.
- He was a politician.
- I was a student.
- We were friends.
- He will be a cricketer.
- I shall be a doctor.
- We shall be teachers.
- We have money.
- He has public support.
- We belong to India.
- This box contains sugar.
- It remains till today.
- Truth exists.
- They possess great talent.
- I know the answer.
- He does not understand answer.
- I like this.
4. Helping verbs
- He is playing.
- I am studying.
- We are studying.
- He was sleeping.
- I was singing.
- We were going.
- He will be eating.
- I shall be writing.
- He does not play.
- I do not study.
- We do not fight.
- He did not sleep.
- Did I was sing?
- Do we go?
- We have played.
- He has passed.
- They had won.
5. Modal verbs
- Can you do this?
- He could not do this.
- May I come in?
- He might win.
- I shall sleep.
- We should pay tax.
- Teacher will teach.
- They would help us.
6. Transitive verbs
- Throw the ball to
the keeper.
- Don’t eat unhealthy food.
- He ate an apple.
- Write a letter to your friend.
7. Intransitive verbs
- Bats do not sleep at
night.
- Don’t laugh here.
- Who is crying?
- He jumped into the pond.
8. Regular verbs
- Walk in the morning.
- He talks in the class.
- Listen to the teacher.
- They finished their work before night.
9. Irregular verbs
- Go wherever you
like.
- He went to school.
- They have gone to school.
- Take this.
- He took my pen.
- Who has taken my book?
- I am playing.
- He was playing.
- We have been playing.
10. Dynamic verbs
- Run fast.
- Don’t jump.
- Learn be patient.
- The plants grow.
- Our country is developing.
11. Phrasal verbs
- I put up with his
bad conduct.
- Go on.
- Cholera breaks out every year.
- His instructions were carried out.
12. Tense-specific verbs
- ‘I used to walk in
the childhood.
- The P.M is going to arrive here.
13. Finite verbs
- I go to school.
.
- He goes to school.
- They were going to school.
14. Non-finite verbs
- Going there I met him.
- I enjoy myself playing.
- Gone are the days.
- Having gone there I met him.
- I want to go.
5. ADVERB
Here are the main types of adverbs
with examples:
1. Adverbs of Manner describe how something
is done.
Beautifully, well,
carefully, fast and patiently
2. Adverbs of Time describe when
something happens.
Yesterday, today, tomorrow,
now, then, soon, later, early, late, already, just, yet, still, always, ever, never, occasionally, seldom,
rarely, and usually
And adverbial phrases of time:
- At the moment, in an hour, on time, ahead of time, behind schedule, during
the day, at night, in the morning, in the evening, at the end of the day
3. Adverbs of Place describe where
something happens.
Here, there, everywhere,
nowhere, somewhere, anywhere, up, down, in, out, far, near, above, below,
inside, outside
Adverbial phrases of place:
In the corner, at the corner, at the
top, on the left, to the right, in the center, at the back, in front of,
behind, next to, alongside, nearby, far away, close by
4. Adverbs of Purpose describe the
intention or goal.
So that, in order that,
in order to, to, with the aim of, with the intention of, for the purpose of, in
the hope of etc.
5. Adverbs of Comparison compare between
two things or among more than two things.
As, so, more, faster, sweeter, most,
fastest, least etc.
6. Adverbs of Contrast/ Concession
acknowledge a contrasting idea.
But, still, yet,
however, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, while, whereas, despite,
in spite of, though, although, even though, even if, etc.
7. Adverbs of Condition describe a
condition or requirement.
Provided that, if,
unless, in case, in the event that etc.
8 Adverbs of Result/Consequence indicate
a degree or extent that leads to a specific result.
So….that, such….that
9. Adverbs of Degree describe the
extent or degree of something.
Very, extremely, highly, quite, rather,
fairly, moderately, somewhat, slightly, barely, totally, utterly, almost, nearly,
entirely, fully etc.
10. Adverbs of Frequency describe
how often an action happens.
Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely,
seldom, never, almost always, almost never, frequently, occasionally, regularly,
periodically, habitually, normally etc.
11. Adverbs of Viewpoint describe
the speaker's perspective or attitude.
Frankly;
frankly speaking; frankly, I think; frankly, I believe; frankly, it seems; honestly;
from my point of view; in my opinion; in
my view; personally; to be honest; to my mind etc.
12. Adverbs of Focusing draw attention
to a particular aspect. / Emphasize a specific point. / Highlight a particular
detail./ or Contrast with other information.
- Only, just, merely, simply,
solely, exclusively, particularly, especially, specifically, mainly
13. Adverbs of Linking also known as
transition adverbs, connect ideas, clauses, or sentences to show relationships
like addition, contrast, time, or cause-and-effect.
Addition: Moreover;
furthermore; additionally; also
Contrast:
However; on the other hand; nevertheless; nonetheless
Time: Meanwhile; next; then; soon;
Cause-and-effect: Therefore;
consequently; thus; hence, as since
Other linking adverbs:
Meanwhile:- shows simultaneous
actions)
Incidentally:- shows a side note or
additional info)
Similarly:- shows comparison)
Likewise:- shows agreement or
similarity)
14. Relative Adverbs introduce
relative clauses.
- When, where and why
15. Adverbs of Affirmation/Negation express
agreement, confirmation and denial or contradiction.
- Yes, indeed, really, certainly, surely, definitely, undoubtedly,
absolutely, of course, positively, obviously, naturally, clearly
- No, not, never, nowhere, hardly, scarcely, barely, seldom, rarely
16. Adverbs of Interrogation ask
questions about time, manner, place, frequency, degree etc.
How, when, where, why, how many, how far, how
often, how much, how long etc.
Here are the examples of
different types of adverbs in sentences:
1. Adverbs of Manner
She sang beautifully.
The played well.
Walk carefully.
Ram ran fast.
Listen to the teacher patiently.
2. Adverbs of Time
We arrived yesterday.
We'll arrive today.
We'll arrive tomorrow.
We have arrived now.
We'll arrive in an hour.
We'll arrive on time.
3. Adverbs of Place
I live here.
They live there.
Crows are found everywhere.
He was found nowhere.
I had seen somewhere.
You can move anywhere.
Move up.
Run down.
Don’t come in.
Go out.
Go far.
Come near.
Move above.
Stand below.
Go inside.
Sit outside.
Adverbial phrases of place:
The book is in the corner of the room.
The flag is at the top of the pole.
The door is on the left side of the building.
The bathroom is to the right of the hallway.
The statue is in the center of the park.
The kitchen is at the back of the house.
The car is parked in front of the house.
The tree is behind the fence.
The hotel is next to the beach.
The restaurant is across from the theater.
The bike path runs alongside the river.
The hotel is nearby the airport.
The island is far away from the mainland.
I saw a mountain in the distance.
The store is close by, so let's walk.
4. Adverbs of Purpose
We're working hard so that we can succeed.
She studied hard in order that she could pass the exam.
He saved money in order to buy a new car.
She practiced every day to improve her piano skills.
They worked together with the aim of finishing the project
on time.
He went to the gym with the intention of getting in shape.
She traveled to Paris for the purpose of learning French.
He read books in the hope of expanding his knowledge.
5. Adverbs of Comparison compare two
things.
Positive Degrees
1. She sings as beautifully as I .
2. He runs as fast he.
3. He is not so happy as I am.
Comparative Degrees
1. She sings more beautifully than her sister.
2. He runs faster than I do.
3. This cake is sweeter than the one we had yesterday.
Superlative Degrees
1. She sings most beautifully.
2. He runs fastest.
3. She drives least carefully.
6. Adverbs of Contrast/ Concession
acknowledge a contrasting idea.
- Although I'm tired,
I'll attend. (The adverb "although" acknowledges a contrasting idea)
7. Adverbs of Condition describe a
condition or requirement.
- You can succeed
provided that you work hard, (The adverb "provided that" describes
the condition.)
8 Adverbs of Result/Consequence
indicates a degree or extent that leads to a specific result.
-I am so tired that I
can’t work any longer. (The adverb phrase "so..that" indicates a
degree or extent that leads to a specific result.)
-This is such a hot day
that no one can sleep without a cooler. (The adverb phrase
"such…that" indicates a degree or extent that leads to a specific
result)
9. Adverbs of Degree describe the
extent or degree of something.
He is extremely happy.
(The adverb "extremely" describes the degree of happiness.)
10. Adverbs of Frequency describe
how often something happens.
1. Always: I always brush my teeth
before bed.
2. Usually: She usually arrives on
time.
3. Often: We often go to the beach
in summer.
4. Sometimes: I sometimes forget my
phone at home.
5. Rarely: He rarely eats breakfast.
6. Seldom: We seldom go to the
movies.
7. Never: I never drink coffee.
8. Almost always: She almost always
passes her exams.
9. Almost never: He almost never
gets sick.
10. Frequently: They frequently
travel abroad.
11. Occasionally: We occasionally
have guests over.
12. Regularly: I regularly exercise
at the gym.
13. Periodically: The company
periodically reviews its policies.
14. Habitually: He habitually checks
his phone before bed.
15. Normally: She normally wakes up
at 7 am.
11. Adverbs of Viewpoint describe
the speaker's perspective or attitude.
1. Frankly: Frankly, I
don't like the idea. (expressing honesty or candor)
2. Frankly speaking: Frankly
speaking, it's a bad decision. (expressing honesty or candor)
3. Frankly, I think: Frankly, I
think we should reconsider. (expressing personal opinion)
4. Frankly, it seems: Frankly, it
seems like a waste of time. (expressing personal opinion)
5. Honestly: Honestly, I'm not sure
what to do. (expressing sincerity or truthfulness)
6. Frankly, I believe: Frankly, I believe
we can do better. (expressing personal belief)
7. From my point of view: From my
point of view, it's a good idea. (expressing personal perspective)
8. In my opinion: In my opinion,
it's the best option. (expressing personal opinion)
9. In my view: In my view, it's a
mistake. (expressing personal perspective)
10. Personally: Personally, I think
it's a great idea. (expressing personal opinion)
11. To be honest: To be honest, I'm
not impressed. (expressing sincerity or truthfulness)
12. To my mind: To my mind, it's a
bad idea. (expressing personal perspective)
Adverbs of viewpoint help to:
- Express personal opinions or
beliefs
- Show honesty or sincerity
- Indicate perspective or point of
view
- Emphasize or clarify a viewpoint
- Create a tone of candor or
authenticity
12. Adverbs of Focusing draw
attention to a particular aspect.
- Only, Just ,Merely, Simply,
Solely, Exclusively, Particularly, Especially, Specifically, Mainly
- Emphasize a specific point
- Highlight a particular detail
- Contrast with other information
- Only she knows the
answer. (The adverb "only" emphasizes that she is the sole person who
knows.)
- Limit the scope of a statement
(e.g., "I only drink coffee in the morning")
- Emphasize a specific detail (e.g.,
"She's particularly good at math")
- Contrast with other information
(e.g., "He's just a friend, not a romantic partner")
By using adverbs of focusing, you
can clarify your intended meaning, add emphasis, and create more precise and
nuanced expressions.
Examples:
- "I'm only interested in the
top job." (emphasizes the specific job)
- "She's especially talented in
music." (highlights her talent)
- "He's mainly responsible for
the project." (clarifies his role)
13. Adverbs of Linking connect ideas
or clauses.
Adverbs of linking, also known as
transition adverbs, connect ideas, clauses, or sentences to show relationships
like addition, contrast, time, or cause-and-effect. Here are some common
adverbs of linking and their uses in sentences:
Addition:
- Moreover: I like reading;
moreover, I enjoy writing.
- Furthermore: She's smart;
furthermore, she's kind.
- Additionally: He's a great singer;
additionally, he's a talented musician.
- Also: I love coffee; also, I enjoy
tea.
Contrast:
- However: I wanted to go; however,
I couldn't.
- On the other hand: He's rich; on
the other hand, his brother is poor.
- Nevertheless: I'm tired;
nevertheless, I'll finish the project.
- Nonetheless: She's sad;
nonetheless, she's smiling.
Time:
- Meanwhile: I'm studying;
meanwhile, my brother is watching TV.
- Next: I'll finish my homework;
next, I'll go to bed.
- Then: I'll eat breakfast; then,
I'll go to school.
- Soon: I'll graduate soon; then,
I'll get a job.
Cause-and-effect:
- Therefore: I'm tired; therefore, I
need sleep.
- Consequently: He didn't study;
consequently, he failed.
- Thus: I have a lot of work; thus,
I'm busy.
- Hence: She's not feeling well;
hence, she won't attend.
Other linking adverbs:
- Meanwhile (shows simultaneous
actions)
- Incidentally (shows a side note or
additional info)
- Similarly (shows comparison)
- Likewise (shows agreement or
similarity)
Adverbs of linking help to:
- Connect ideas and clauses
- Show relationships between ideas
- Clarify the flow of thoughts
- Emphasize or contrast ideas
- Create cohesive and logical
writing or speech
14. Relative Adverbs
introduces relative clauses.
- When, where and why
Relative Adverbs of Place
15. Adverbs of Affirmation/Negation
connect express agreement, confirmation and denial or contradiction.
- Yes, indeed, really, certainly, surely, definitely, undoubtedly,
absolutely, of course, positively, obviously, naturally, clearly
- No, not, never, nowhere, hardly, scarcely, barely, seldom, rarely
- She sings beautifully. (The adverb
"beautifully" describes the manner of singing)
1. Yes:
- "Yes, I'm coming to the party." (emphatic agreement)
- "Do you want to go? Yes, let's go!" (enthusiastic agreement)
2. Indeed:
- "I'm indeed grateful for your help." (emphasizes gratitude)
- "This is indeed a beautiful view." (emphasizes agreement)
3. Certainly:
- "I'll certainly be there to help you." (emphasizes
commitment)
- "This is certainly a challenging task." (emphasizes
agreement)
4. Surely:
- "I'll surely finish the project on time." (emphasizes
confidence)
- "You're surely joking, right?" (emphasizes skepticism)
5. Definitely:
- "I'll definitely attend the meeting." (emphasizes
commitment)
- "This is definitely the best restaurant in town."
(emphasizes strong agreement)
6. Absolutely:
- "I absolutely love this book." (emphasizes strong
enthusiasm)
- "You're absolutely right, I apologize." (emphasizes strong
agreement)
7. Positively:
- "I'm positively thrilled to be here." (emphasizes strong
enthusiasm)
-
"This is positively the best news I've heard all week." (emphasizes
strong agreement)
8. Naturally:
- "I'll naturally be there to support you." (emphasizes
expected behavior)
- "This is naturally a difficult situation." (emphasizes
expected challenges)
9. Obviously:
- "I'll obviously be late if I don't hurry." (emphasizes clear
consequence)
- "This is obviously a complex issue." (emphasizes clear
understanding)
10. Clearly:
- "I'll clearly explain the instructions." (emphasizes
clarity)
- "This is clearly a well-planned event." (emphasizes strong
agreement)
1. Not:
- "I am not going to the party." (modifies the verb
"going")
- "She is not happy with the decision." (modifies the
adjective "happy")
2. Never:
- "I never eat breakfast." (modifies the verb "eat")
- "He never wants to go to bed early." (modifies the verb
"wants")
3. Nowhere:
- "I looked everywhere, but it's nowhere to be found."
(modifies the verb "be")
- "There's nowhere to hide in this open field." (modifies the
verb "hide")
4. Hardly:
- "I hardly ever see him anymore." (modifies the verb
"see")
- "She can hardly walk in those high heels." (modifies the
verb "walk")
5. Barely:
- "I barely passed the exam." (modifies the verb
"passed")
- "He can barely speak above a whisper." (modifies the verb
"speak")
6. Scarcely:
- "I scarcely had time to finish my work." (modifies the verb
"had")
- "She scarcely remembers her childhood." (modifies the verb
"remembers")
7. Rarely:
- "I rarely eat out during the week." (modifies the verb
"eat")
- "He rarely gets angry, but when he does, it's serious."
(modifies the verb "gets")
8. Seldom:
- "I seldom go to the movies alone." (modifies the verb
"go")
- "She seldom talks about her personal life." (modifies the
verb "talks")
Examples:
- How did you solve the problem?
(manner)
- When will you arrive? (time)
- Where is the nearest restroom?
(place)
- Why did you decide to quit?
(reason)
- How often do you exercise?
(frequency)
- To what extent is the damage done?
(degree)
- How much does it cost? (amount)
6. PREPOSITION
Here are the main types of
prepositions:
1. *Words of location*: in, on, at,
by, with, under, above, beside, between, among, within
Example: "The book is on the
table."
2. *Words of direction*: to, from,
up, down, in, out, through, across, along, around
Example: "She's heading to the
store."
3. *Words of time*: at, on, during,
before, after, until, till, by
Example: "We'll meet at 5
o'clock."
4. *Words of movement*: to, from,
up, down, in, out, through, across, along, around
Example: "The car drove across
the bridge."
5. *Words of manner*: by, with, in,
like
Example: "She sings
beautifully."
6. *Words of cause and effect*:
because of, due to, owing to, on account of
Example: "He's absent because
of illness."
7. *Words of purpose*: for, to, in
order to
Example: "I'm studying to pass
the exam."
8. *Words of comparison*: like,
unlike, as, than
Example: "He runs like a
cheetah."
These categories can sometimes
overlap, and some prepositions can function in more than one way depending on
the context.
Here is a comprehensive list of
verbs and adjectives that take different prepositions, along with examples:
Verbs:
1. _Apply_:
- Apply for (a job or
position): "I'm applying for a scholarship."
- Apply to (a surface
or situation): "Apply the glue to the paper."
2. _Believe_:
- Believe in (an idea
or principle): "I believe in equality."
- Believe (someone or
something): "I believe him."
3. _Concentrate_:
- Concentrate on (a
task or activity): "I'm concentrating on my studies."
- Concentrate in (a
field or area): "The company concentrates in software development."
4. _Depend_:
- Depend on (someone
or something): "I depend on my friends for support."
- Depend upon (a
condition or circumstance): "The outcome depends upon the weather."
5. _Focus_:
- Focus on (a task or
goal): "I'm focusing on my career."
- Focus (a camera or
attention): "Focus the camera on the subject."
6. _Invest_:
- Invest in (something
valuable): "I'm investing in stocks."
- Invest with (someone
or a company): "I'm investing with a financial advisor."
7. _Listen_:
- Listen to (music,
conversation): "I'm listening to my favorite song."
- Listen for (a sound
or signal): "I'm listening for the doorbell."
8. _Look_:
- Look at (something
visible): "Look at the beautiful view."
- Look for (something
you can't see): "I'm looking for my lost keys."
9. _Participate_:
- Participate in (an
activity or event): "I'm participating in a marathon."
- Participate with
(someone or a group): "I'm participating with a team."
10. _Talk_:
- Talk to (someone):
"I'm talking to my friend."
- Talk about (a
topic): "We're talking about the weather."
11. _Work_:
- Work on (a project
or task): "I'm working on my report."
- Work with (someone
or something): "I'm working with a team."
Adjectives:
1. _Aware_:
- Aware of (a fact or
situation): "I'm aware of the problem."
- Aware of (someone's
presence): "I'm aware of him standing there."
2. _Capable_:
- Capable of (doing
something): "She's capable of speaking multiple languages."
- Capable with (a tool
or skill): "He's capable with a computer."
3. _Familiar_:
- Familiar with (a
place or situation): "I'm familiar with the city."
- Familiar to
(someone's senses): "The smell is familiar to me."
4. _Good_:
- Good at (a skill or
activity): "She's good at tennis."
- Good with (people or
animals): "He's good with children."
5. _Interested_:
- Interested in (a
subject or activity): "I'm interested in reading."
- Interested in (a
person): "I'm interested in her."
6. _Involved_:
- Involved in (an
activity or project): "I'm involved in a charity."
- Involved with
(someone): "She's involved with him romantically."
7. _Responsible_:
- Responsible for (an
action or outcome): "I'm responsible for the mistake."
- Responsible to
(someone or an organization): "I'm responsible to my boss."
8. _Specialize_:
- Specialize in (a
field or skill): "He specializes in surgery."
- Specialize (a store
or service): "The store specializes in organic products."
Verbs:
1. _Agree_:
- Agree with
(someone's opinion): "I agree with your assessment."
- Agree on (a decision
or plan): "We agreed on a time and place."
2. _Angry_ (note: angry is an
adjective, but it can be used as a verb "to angry" in some contexts):
- Angry with
(someone): "I'm angry with my brother."
- Angry at (a
situation or circumstance): "I'm angry at the injustice."
3. _Die_:
- Die from (a cause or
illness): "He died from cancer."
- Die in (a place or
situation): "She died in her sleep."
4. _Make_:
- Make of (something,
meaning "to understand or interpret"): "What do you make of this
situation?"
- Make with
(something, meaning "to create or manufacture"): "We make our
products with high-quality materials."
Adjectives:
1. _Useful_:
- Useful for (a
purpose): "This tool is useful for fixing cars."
- Useful to (someone):
"This information is useful to me."
And here are a few more:
1. _Ashamed_:
- Ashamed of
(something you've done): "I'm ashamed of my mistake."
- Ashamed for (someone
else's actions): "I'm ashamed for my brother's behavior."
2. _Proud_:
- Proud of (something
you've achieved): "I'm proud of my accomplishment."
- Proud to (do
something): "I'm proud to be part of this team."
3. _Sorry_:
- Sorry for (something
you've done): "I'm sorry for my mistake."
- Sorry about (a
situation or circumstance): "I'm sorry about the weather."
Here are the additional verbs and
adjectives with different prepositions:
Verbs:
1. _Deal_:
- Deal with (a
situation or problem): "I'm dealing with a difficult client."
- Deal in (a type of
goods or business): "The company deals in electronics."
- Deal with (someone,
meaning "to interact or negotiate"): "I deal with suppliers every
day."
Adjectives:
1. _Useful_ (already mentioned):
- Useful for (a
purpose): "This tool is useful for fixing cars."
- Useful to (someone):
"This information is useful to me."
2. _Suitable_:
- Suitable for (a
purpose or occasion): "This dress is suitable for a formal event."
- Suitable to
(someone's needs or tastes): "This book is suitable to readers of all
ages."
3. _Famous_:
- Famous for
(something you're known for): "He's famous for his artwork."
- Famous to (a group
or community): "She's famous to locals, but not nationally."
And here are a few more:
1. _Tired_:
- Tired of (something
that's exhausting or frustrating): "I'm tired of this traffic."
- Tired from (a
physical or mental effort): "I'm tired from working all day."
2. _Excited_:
- Excited about
(something you're looking forward to): "I'm excited about the
concert."
- Excited for (someone
else's experience): "I'm excited for my friend's new job."
3. _Curious_:
- Curious about
(something you want to learn or know): "I'm curious about science."
- Curious to (try or
experience something): "I'm curious to try skydiving."
Verbs:
1. _Rest_:
- Rest on (a surface
or support): "The book rests on the table."
- Rest from (an
activity or effort): "I'm resting from my workout."
2. _Trust_:
- Trust in (someone or
something, meaning "to have faith"): "I trust in my team."
- Trust with
(something valuable or important): "I trust you with my secrets."
3. _Rely_:
- Rely on (someone or something,
meaning "to depend"): "I rely on my colleagues."
- Rely upon (a quality
or characteristic): "I rely upon my intuition."
Adjectives:
1. _Similar_:
- Similar to
(something it resembles): "This is similar to what we saw yesterday."
- Similar in (a
quality or characteristic): "They're similar in their interests."
2. _Different_:
- Different from
(something it's distinct from): "This is different from what we
expected."
- Different to
(something it's contrasted with): "This is different to what we're used
to."
3. _Identical_:
- Identical to
(something it exactly matches): "This is identical to the original."
- Identical with
(something it's synonymous with): "This is identical with
perfection."
And here are a few more:
1. _Satisfied_:
- Satisfied with
(something that meets expectations): "I'm satisfied with the
service."
- Satisfied by
(something that fulfills a desire): "I'm satisfied by the outcome."
2. _Impressed_:
- Impressed by
(someone or something that inspires admiration): "I'm impressed by your
skills."
- Impressed with
(someone or something that meets expectations): "I'm impressed with the
results."
3. _Disappointed_:
- Disappointed in
(someone or something that fails expectations): "I'm disappointed in the
team."
- Disappointed with
(someone or something that doesn't meet standards): "I'm disappointed with
the quality."
Remember, mastering these nuances
can help you communicate more accurately and effectively in English!
Verbs:
1. _Retire_:
- Retire from (a job
or profession): "She retired from teaching."
- Retire to (a place
or position): "He retired to a quiet village."
2. _Apply_:
- Apply for (a job,
position, or benefit): "I'm applying for a scholarship."
- Apply to (a surface
or situation): "Apply the glue to the paper."
3. _Graduate_:
- Graduate from (an
institution or program): "I graduated from Harvard."
- Graduate to (a
higher level or position): "She graduated to a management role."
4. _Promote_:
- Promote to (a higher
position or rank): "He was promoted to CEO."
- Promote from (a
lower position or rank): "She was promoted from intern to manager."
5. _Demote_:
- Demote from (a
higher position or rank): "He was demoted from CEO."
- Demote to (a lower
position or rank): "She was demoted to intern."
Adjectives:
1. _Sensitive_:
- Sensitive to (a
stimulus or issue): "I'm sensitive to light."
- Sensitive about (a
personal matter): "She's sensitive about her past."
2. _Respectful_:
- Respectful to
(someone or something): "I'm respectful to my elders."
- Respectful of
(someone's rights or boundaries): "I'm respectful of your opinions."
3. _Aware_:
- Aware of (a fact or
situation): "I'm aware of the problem."
- Aware to (a subtle
or hidden aspect): "I'm aware to the nuances of language."
And here are a few more:
1. _Qualified_:
- Qualified for (a
position or task): "I'm qualified for the job."
- Qualified in (a
field or skill): "She's qualified in medicine."
2. _Experienced_:
- Experienced in (a
field or skill): "He's experienced in marketing."
- Experienced with (a
situation or technology): "I'm experienced with software
development."
3. _Involved_:
- Involved in (an
activity or project): "I'm involved in a charity."
- Involved with
(someone or a group): "She's involved with a community organization."
[8/14, 8:54 AM] Meta AI: Here are
the additional prepositions with their meanings and examples:
1. _Made of_:
- Indicating the
material something is composed of:
-
"This chair is made of wood."
-
"Her dress is made of silk."
2. _Made from_:
- Indicating the
source or origin of something:
-
"This wine is made from grapes."
-
"The cake is made from scratch."
3. _Live by_:
- Indicating a guiding
principle or rule:
-
"I live by the motto 'honesty is the best policy'."
-
"She lives by her intuition."
4. _Live on_:
- Indicating a source
of income or sustenance:
-
"He lives on a tight budget."
-
"They live on their savings."
5. _Live with_:
- Indicating
cohabitation or a close relationship:
-
"I live with my family."
-
"She lives with her partner."
6. _Made for_:
- Indicating purpose
or intention:
-
"This tool is made for precision work."
-
"The software is made for beginners."
7. _Made to_:
- Indicating a
specific measurement or fit:
-
"This suit is made to measure."
-
"The dress is made to fit her perfectly."
8. _Live off_:
- Indicating reliance
on something for survival:
-
"They live off the land."
-
"He lives off his investments."
9. _Live through_:
- Indicating endurance
or survival:
-
"She lived through the war."
-
"He lived through a difficult time."
And here are a few more:
1. _Benefit from_:
- Indicating advantage
or gain:
-
"I benefit from regular exercise."
-
"She benefits from her experience."
2. _Suffer from_:
- Indicating a problem
or affliction:
-
"He suffers from chronic pain."
-
"She suffers from anxiety."
3. _Profit from_:
- Indicating financial
gain:
-
"The company profits from its investments."
-
"He profits from his business ventures."
1. _Result in_:
- Indicating a
consequence or outcome:
-
"The accident resulted in serious injuries."
-
"The decision resulted in financial losses."
2. _Result from_:
- Indicating a cause
or origin:
-
"The problem resulted from a misunderstanding."
-
"The success resulted from hard work."
3. _Consist of_:
- Indicating
composition or content:
-
"The team consists of experts."
-
"The meal consists of several courses."
4. _Consist in_:
- Indicating a
defining characteristic or feature:
-
"The beauty of the painting consists in its simplicity."
-
"The value of the experience consists in its uniqueness."
5. _Depend on_:
- Indicating reliance
or contingency:
-
"I depend on my colleagues for support."
-
"The outcome depends on the weather."
6. _Depend upon_:
- Indicating a
condition or circumstance:
-
"The success depends upon careful planning."
-
"The outcome depends upon the team's performance."
7. _Accompany with_:
- Indicating something
that goes together with something else:
-
"The meal accompanied with a glass of wine."
-
"The concert accompanied with a light show."
8. _Associate with_:
- Indicating a
connection or relationship:
-
"I associate with colleagues from the industry."
-
"The brand associates with quality and reliability."
And here are a few more:
1. _Collaborate with_:
- Indicating working
together with someone:
-
"We collaborate with other teams on this project."
-
"She collaborates with artists on her designs."
2. _Cooperate with_:
- Indicating working
together and sharing resources:
-
"The companies cooperate with each other on research."
-
"He cooperates with the authorities on the investigation."
3. _Correspond with_:
- Indicating
communication or exchange:
-
"I correspond with friends through email."
-
"The data corresponds with our expectations."
4. _Disagree with_:
- Indicating a
difference of opinion:
-
"I disagree with your assessment."
-
"She disagrees with the decision."
Conjunctions are words that connect
words, phrases, or clauses together. Here are the different types of
conjunctions, their definitions, classifications, and examples:
Coordinating conjunctions list:
for
and
nor
but
or
yet
so
Correlative conjunctions list:
as well as
either/or
neither/nor
not only/but also
as/as
both/and
whether/or
Subordinating conjunctions list:
after
although
as soon as
because
before
by the time
in case
now that
since
unless
when
whether or not
while
Conjunctive adverbs list:
after all
besides
consequently
finally
however
nevertheless
then
therefore
*1. Coordinating Conjunctions*
- Definition: Connect words,
phrases, or clauses of equal importance.
- Classification: And, But, Or, So,
Yet
- Examples:
I completed my work, and went to
watch a movie.
- I wanted to go to
the beach, but it was rai
- I'm tired, so I'm
going to bed.
- I'm tired, yet I
still need to finish this work.
*2. Subordinating Conjunctions*
- Definition: Connect a dependent
clause to an independent clause.
- Classification: Because, Since,
After, Although, If, Unless, Until, While
- Examples:
- I went to the store
because I needed milk.
- I've been busy since
it's morning.
- I'll go to the party
after I finish my homework.
- Although I was
tired, I went to play.
- I'll go to the beach
if the weather is good.
- I won't go unless
you come with me.
- I'll wait until
you're ready.
- I'll keep working
while you're away.
*3. Correlative Conjunctions*
- Definition: Used in pairs to
connect words or phrases of equal importance.
- Classification: Both...and,
Either...or, Not only...but also, Whether...or
- Examples:
- I like both coffee
and tea.
- Do you want either
pizza or sushi?
- She's not only smart
but also beautiful.
- Whether you like it
or not, you have to do it.
*4. Conjunctive Adverbs*
A conjunctive adverb is a word that
connects two independent clauses (complete sentences) together, showing a
relationship between them. It also shows the transition from one idea to
another.
Functions:
- Connects independent clauses
- Shows relationships like time,
contrast, addition, cause-and-effect, etc.
- Can start a sentence, but must be
followed by a comma
Examples:
- However, I still need to finish my
work. (Contrast)
- Therefore, I will attend the
meeting. (Cause-and-effect)
- Additionally, she is also a great
artist. (Addition)
- Meanwhile, the others were waiting
patiently. (Time)
- Nevertheless, I still believe in
him. (Contrast)
- Consequently, the project was
delayed. (Cause-and-effect)
- Similarly, we also faced the same
issue. (Comparison)
- Thus, the problem was solved.
(Cause-and-effect)
Note that conjunctive adverbs can be
moved within a sentence, but their function remains the same.
For example:
"I still need to finish my
work; however, I will attend the meeting."
Or:
"I will attend the meeting;
therefore, I need to finish my work."
In both cases, the conjunctive
adverb connects the two independent clauses and shows a relationship between
them.
- Moreover, I think we should
consider other options.
- Furthermore, the data supports our
hypothesis.
- In addition, we need to analyze
the results more closely.
- Likewise, the other team faced
similar challenges.
- Nevertheless, we still have a lot
to learn.
- Notwithstanding, the benefits
outweigh the costs.
- Otherwise, we risk losing our
advantage.
- Subsequently, the company saw
significant growth.
- Then, we can discuss the
implications.
- Thus, the solution is clear.
Conjunctive adverbs can also be used
to show:
- Time: Meanwhile, Next, Then, Soon,
Finally
- Contrast: However, Nevertheless,
Nonetheless, Still, Yet
- Addition: Additionally, Also,
Furthermore, Moreover, Similarly
- Cause-and-effect: Consequently,
Hence, Therefore, Thus, As a result
- Comparison: Likewise, Similarly,
In the same way
An interjection is a word that
expresses emotion, feeling, or sentiment. It's a sudden expression of emotion,
and it's often used to convey strong feelings like surprise, excitement, anger,
or joy.
Examples in sentences:
- Oh no! I forgot my phone at home.
(surprise)
- Wow! That's an amazing view!
(excitement)
- Ouch! That hurts! (pain)
- Ahh! I'm so relieved! (relief)
- Ugh! I hate this traffic!
(frustration)
- Yay! I got the job! (joy)
- Oh dear! I'm running late!
(concern)
- Hey! What's going on? (attention)
- Whoa! Slow down! (surprise)
- Ah! I see what you mean!
(understanding)
Here are some types of interjections
and examples of each:
Primary interjections
Single words that express strong
emotions or feelings, and are usually used with an exclamation point. Examples
include "wow", "yikes", "ouch", "ah",
"brr", "eww", "hmm", "ooh", and
"yowza".
Volitive interjections
Imperatives that command or request
someone to do something. Examples include "shh" to tell someone to be
quiet, "shoo" to tell someone to go away, and "boo" to
scare someone.
Emotive interjections
Used to convey how we feel about
something, and can add emphasis or emotion to statements. Examples include
"wow", "yum", "ugh", and "ouch".
Mild interjections
Used to express mild feelings and
emotions, and are usually separated from the rest of the sentence by commas.
Examples include "oh" and "well".
Greeting interjections
Used when greeting someone, and can
express warmth. Examples include "halloo", "hi",
"what's up", "hello", and "hey".
Farewell interjections
Used to express emotions when bidding
farewell to someone. Examples include "goodbye" and "bon
voyage".
Interjections of joy
Used to express joy or instantaneous
pleasure and happiness on a particular occasion. For example,
"hurrah".
Interjections of sorrow
Used to express sorrow or sadness.
Interjections of surprise
Used to express surprise or the
feeling of surprise for any incident that has happened. Examples include
"ah", "oh", "wow", and "what".
Interjections of approval
Used to express approval or
agreement in a sentence.
Interjections of attention
Used to express attention or to get
someone's attention. For example, "oh, waiter!" .
Courtesy: Meta AI and Google AI
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