CHANGE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES FROM DIRECT SPEECH INTO INDIRECT SPEECH.

Change the following sentences from Direct Speech into Indirect Speech.

 A. ASSERTIVE SENTENCES (1)

1.    Rahul said, "I write letters."

2.    The teacher said, "The students are listening carefully."

3.    My uncle said, "I have completed the project."

4.    Anita said, "I have been waiting for two hours."

5.    The captain said, "We won the match yesterday."

6.    The doctor said, "The patient did not take the medicine."

7.    Grandmother said, "You were not sleeping."

8.    The scientist said, "The machine has not been working properly."

9.    The manager said, "We will start the meeting today."

10. My neighbour said, "I would not have helped without your advice."

A. ASSERTIVE SENTENCES (2)

1.    Rahul said, "I write letters every week." (Will not change – habitual action.)

2.    Anita said, "I visit my grandparents every Sunday." (Will not change – regular routine.)

3.    Mohan said, "I play chess after dinner." (Will not change – habit.)

4.    Riya said, "I drink two glasses of milk every day." (Will not change – daily habit.)

5.    The teacher said, "The Earth revolves around the Sun." (Will not change – universal truth.)

6.    The scientist said, "Water boils at 100°C." (Will not change – scientific fact.)

7.    Grandfather said, "Honesty is the best policy." (Will not change – proverb/general truth.)

8.    The principal said, "The school opens at 8 a.m." (Will not change – fixed timetable.)

9.    The guide said, "The museum closes at 6 p.m." (Will not change – fixed schedule.)

10. The doctor said, "Exercise keeps the body healthy." (Will not change – general fact.)

These will change (Simple Present, but not expressing a general truth or habit)

11. Rahul said, "I like this book." (Will change – present feeling/opinion.)

12. Meena said, "I know the answer." (Will change – present state of knowledge.)

13. Amit said, "I need your help." (Will change – present need.)

14. Seema said, "I live in Pune." (Will change – present situation.)

15. Father said, "I work in a bank." (Will change – present employment.)

16. She said, "I want a new dress." (Will change – present desire.)

17. The child said, "I feel hungry." (Will change – present feeling.)

18. Ravi said, "I believe you." (Will change – present belief.)

19. The customer said, "I prefer tea to coffee." (Will change – personal preference.)

20. Neha said, "I remember your birthday." (Will change – present mental state.)

Key Rule: Simple Present does NOT change when it expresses:

·       Habit or routine

·       Universal truth

·       Scientific fact

·       Proverb or general truth

·       Fixed timetable/schedule

Simple Present DOES change when it expresses:

·       A present action, state, feeling, opinion, preference, possession, need, or situation specific to the speaker.

B. IMPERATIVE SENTENCES (1)

1.    Father said to me, "Study regularly."

2.    The coach said to the players, "Run faster."

3.    The librarian said to the visitors, "Maintain silence."

4.    Mother said to Riya, "Close the window."

5.    The judge said to the police, "Arrest the culprit."

6.    The principal said to the students, "Do not waste your time."

7.    The guide said to the tourists, "Do not touch the paintings."

8.    My brother said to me, "Do not leave me alone."

9.    The nurse said to the patient, "Do not remove the bandage."

10. The officer said to the soldiers, "Do not fire."

B. IMPERATIVE SENTENCES WITH ("LET") (2)
1. Father said to me, "Let him enter the room." (Permission)
2. The teacher said to the students, "Let Rohan answer the question." (Permission)
3. Rahul said to his friends, "Let's play football." (Suggestion)
4. The captain said to the players, "Let's practise for another hour." (Proposal)
5. The prisoner said to the guard, "Let me meet my family." (: Request)
6. The child said to his mother, "Let me go to the park." (Request)
7. The officer said to the soldiers, "Let no one leave the camp." (Order)
8. The judge said to the police, "Let the accused be produced before the court." (Command)
9. The priest said, "Let there be peace in the world." (Prayer)
10. The old woman said, "Let God bless every child." (Blessing / Prayer)

C. YES/NO (VERBAL) INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

1.    Ramesh said to me, "Do you play cricket?"

2.    The inspector said to the driver, "Did you see the accident today?"

3.    Seema said to her friend, "Are you feeling better now?"

4.    The professor said to the students, "Have you finished your assignments?"

5.    The tourist said to the guide, "Will the museum open tomorrow?"

6.    The mother said to her son, "Do you not like milk?"

7.    The officer said to the clerk, "Did you not send the letter?"

8.    The doctor said to the patient, "Are you not feeling well?"

9.    The journalist said to the actor, "Have you not signed the agreement?"

10. The customer said to the shopkeeper, "Will you not replace this item?"

D. WH-INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

1.    Mohan said to me, "Where do you live?"

2.    The child said to his father, "Why did the train stop?"

3.    The teacher said to the monitor, "Who has broken the window?"

4.    The visitor said to know, "When will the programme begin?"

5.    The detective said to the witness, "How had the thief escaped?"

6.    The officer said to the guard, "When did you lock the gate?"

7.    The mother said to her daughter, "What are you eating now?"

8.    The manager said to the accountant, "Why have you not submitted the report till today?"

9.    The coach said to the player, "Who will not participate in tomorrow’s match?"

10. The lawyer said to the accused, "Why have you not informed the police yet?"

E. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES (1)

1.    Rita said, "What a beautiful flower it is!"

2.    The tourists said, "How wonderful this palace is!"

3.    My sister said, "What a pleasant surprise!"

4.    The audience said, "How brilliantly she sings!"

5.    The old man said, "What a glorious victory!"

6.    The boy said, "How unfortunate I am!"

7.    The woman said, "What a terrible mistake!"

8.    The child said, "How sad this story is!"

9.    The farmer said, "What dreadful weather we have been facing!"

10. The passengers said, "How horrible the accident was!"

E. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES (2) (WITH INTERJECTIONS)

Common Interjections and Their Senses

1.    Wow! : Admiration

2.    Oh! : Dismay

3.    Ouch! : Pain

4.    Ah! : Realisation

5.    Hurrah! : Joy

6.    Alas! : Sorrow / Grief

7.    Bravo! : Appreciation / Praise

8.    Good heavens! : Horror / Shock

9.    My goodness! : Astonishment / Surprise

10. Phew! : Relief

11. Yippee! : Excitement / Delight

12. Aha! : Discovery / Sudden Understanding

13. Ugh! : Disgust

14. Oops! : Mistake / Regret

15. Excellent! : Approval / Appreciation

16. Yikes! : Fear / Alarm

17. Shh! : Silence / Warning

18. Psst! : Attention / Secrecy

19. Hurray!/Hurrah : Joy / Celebration

20. Ahem! : Attention

1. She said, "Wow! This painting is amazing." (Admiration)

2. He said, "Oh! I have forgotten my wallet." (Dismay)

3. The boy said, "Ouch! My finger is bleeding." (Pain)

4. The girl said, "Ah! I understand the lesson now." (Realisation)

5. The captain said, "Hurrah! We have won the match." (Joy)

6. The old man said, "Alas! Our village has been flooded." (Sorrow)

7. The teacher said, "Bravo! You have answered correctly." (Appreciation)

8. The woman said, "Good heavens! The house is on fire." (Horror)

9. The traveller said, "My goodness! This road is extremely narrow." (Astonishment)

10. The child said, "Phew! The examination is finally over." (Relief)

11. The child said, "Yippee! We are going to the zoo today." (Excitement)

12. The student said, "Aha! I have found the correct answer." (Discovery)

13. The old man said, "Ugh! This food smells awful." (Disgust)

14. The girl said, "Oops! I dropped my mobile phone." (Mistake / Regret)

15. The teacher said, "Excellent! Your project is outstanding." (Approval)

16. The boy said, "Yikes! That dog is running towards me." (Fear)

17. The mother said, "Shh! The baby is sleeping." (Silence / Warning)

18. The player said, "Psst! Come here quietly." (Attention / Secrecy)

19. The child said, "Hurray! Our picnic has been announced." (Joy)

20. The doctor said, "Ahem! Please listen carefully." (Attention)

F. OPTATIVE SENTENCES

1.    The priest said to the child, "May God bless you!"

2.    Grandfather said to me, "May you succeed in life!"

3.    The teacher said to the students, "May you prosper always!"

4.    The audience said to the singer, "May you achieve great success!"

5.    The villagers said, "May peace prevail everywhere!"

6.    The king said to the traitor, "May you never find happiness!"

7.    The old woman said to the thief, "May you never prosper!"

8.    The hermit said, "May no one suffer from hunger!"

9.    The mother said, "May my son never fall into bad company!"

10. The saint said, "May no child ever remain uneducated!"

G. GREETINGS, COURTESIES & SOCIAL EXPRESSIONS

1. The students said to the teacher, "Good morning, Sir." (Greeting)
2. Riya said to her aunt, "Good evening, Aunt." (Greeting)
3. The guests said to the host, "Good night." (Greeting)
4. The children said to their grandparents, "Happy New Year!" (Greeting / Wish)
5. My friend said to me, "Congratulations on your success!" (Congratulation)
6. The audience said to the singer, "Well done!" (Praise / Appreciation)
7. The customer said to the shopkeeper, "Thank you very much." (Gratitude / Thanks)
8. The shopkeeper said to the customer, "You are welcome." (Response to Thanks / Courtesy)
9. The child said to his mother, "Sorry, I broke the vase." (Apology)
10. The teacher said to the students, "Good afternoon, everyone." (Greeting)
11. The principal said to the chief guest, "Welcome to our school." (Welcome)
12. The girl said to her friend, "Excuse me for stepping on your foot." (Courtesy / Apology)
13. The coach said to the player, "Best of luck for the final match." (Good Wish)
14. The parents said to their son, "Happy Birthday!" (Birthday Wish)
15. The neighbours said to the family, "Happy Diwali!" (Festival Greeting)
16. The principal said to the winners, "Keep it up!" (Encouragement / Appreciation)
17. The customer said to the waiter, "Please accept my compliments. The food is excellent." (Compliment / Appreciation)
18. The old lady said to the little child, "God bless you, my child." (Blessing)
19. The teacher said to the students, "Have a nice day." (Farewell Wish)
20. The neighbours said to the family, "Merry Christmas!" (Festival Greeting)
21. The doctor said to the patient, "Get well soon." (Wish for Recovery)
22. The receptionist said to the visitors, "Please come again." (Courtesy / Invitation)