TYPES OF SENTENCES

Activity–1

Pick out the finite verbs in the following sentences.
(i) Nilima has a good memory.
(ii) He shall not enter the house.
(iii) We have not yet received the money.
(iv) He has been studying to pass the examination.
(v) Ramesh works in a bank.
(vi) We must obey the rules of the road.

Answers: (i) has (ii) shall (iii) have (iv) has (v) works (vi) must
Additional Questions

1.    The children were playing in the park.

2.    She writes beautifully.

3.    They will visit Puri next week.

4.    My father bought a new car yesterday.

5.    The sun rises in the east.

6.    I have completed my homework.

7.    The baby is sleeping peacefully.

8.    The birds flew across the river.

9.    They will finish the work tomorrow.

10. Our teachers encourage us to work hard.

Answers: 1. were 2. writes 3. will 4. bought 5. rises 6. have 7. is 8. flew 9. will 10. encourage

Activity–2

Some simple sentences are given below. Mention against each whether it is Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative or Exclamatory. The first one has been done for you.
Example: Why were you absent from class yesterday? (Interrogative)
(i) Abdul is a strong boy.
(ii) Let us move on.
(iii) Who told you that story?
(iv) How luckily I escaped the accident!
(v) Don't touch a live wire.
(vi) Are you coming with him?
(vii) Turn to page 25 in your grammar book.
(viii) Who did you give it to?

Answers:

(i) Abdul is a strong boy. (Declarative)
(ii) Let us move on. (Imperative)
(iii) Who told you that story? (Wh-Interrogative)
(iv) How luckily I escaped the accident! (Exclamatory)
(v) Don't touch a live wire. (Imperative)
(vi) Are you coming with him? (Verbal Interrogative)
(vii) Turn to page 25 in your grammar book. (Imperative)
(viii) Who did you give it to? (Wh-Interrogative)
Additional Questions

1.    Please open the window.

2.    What a beautiful flower it is!

3.    The Earth revolves round the Sun.

4.    Have you finished your homework?

5.    Always speak the truth.

6.    Alas! The old man is dead.

7.    Can you solve this problem?

8.    Never waste your time.

9.    Hurray! We have won the match.

10. The children are playing in the garden.

Answers:

1.    Please open the window. (Imperative)

2.    What a beautiful flower it is! (Exclamatory)

3.    The Earth revolves round the Sun. (Declarative)

4.    Have you finished your homework? (Verbal Interrogative)

5.    Always speak the truth. (Imperative)

6.    Alas! The old man is dead. (Exclamatory)

7.    Can you solve this problem? (Verbal Interrogative)

8.    Never waste your time. (Imperative)

9.    Hurray! We have won the match! (Exclamatory)

10. The children are playing in the garden. (Declarative)

Activity–3

Turn the following declarative sentences into exclamatory sentences using 'How' or 'What' at the beginning of the sentences.
(i) The weather is very fine.
(ii) She is a very intelligent girl.
(iii) He speaks very fluently.
(iv) She has got a very sharp memory.
(v) It is a very beautiful night.
(vi) She has put on a very costly necklace.

Answers:
(i) How fine the weather is!
(ii) What an intelligent girl she is!
(iii) How fluently he speaks!
(iv) What a sharp memory she has got!
(v) What a beautiful night it is!
(vi) What a costly necklace she has put on!
Additional Questions

1.    The child is very innocent.

2.    The flowers are very beautiful.

3.    He runs very fast.

4.    She sings very sweetly.

5.    It is a very exciting match.

6.    The building is very tall.

7.    The soup is very delicious.

8.    The old man is very kind.

9.    The river is very wide.

10. She has bought a very expensive car.

Answers:

1.    How innocent child is!

2.    How beautiful the flowers are!

3.    How fast he runs!

4.    How sweetly she sings!

5.    What an exciting match it is!

6.    How tall the building is!

7.    How delicious the soup is!

8.    How kind the old man is!

9.    How wide the river is!

10. What an expensive car she has bought!

Activity–4

There are some verbs in the brackets. Fill in the blanks in the following passage choosing the appropriate verbs from the brackets.
(hope, concentrate, make, avoid, take, get)
The examination is at hand. __________ the best use of your time. __________ on your studies. __________ watching television. __________ the advice of your teachers when you are in difficulty. Don't __________ nervous. Always __________ for the best.

Answers: Make, Concentrate, Avoid, Take, get, hope.

Additional Questions

There are some verbs in the brackets. Fill in the blanks in the following passage choosing the appropriate verbs from the brackets.
(respect, keep, save, help, plant, read)
__________ your parents and teachers. __________ your classroom clean and tidy. __________ money for future needs. __________ the poor and the needy whenever possible. __________ more trees to protect the environment. Always __________ good books.

Answers: Respect, Keep, Save, Help, Plant, Read

Activity–5

Combine each pair of the following sentences into a compound sentence using conjunctions such as: and, but, or, so, yet, for, or otherwise.
(i) He finished his exercises. He put away his books.
(ii) He must not be late. He will be punished.
(iii) Make haste. You will be late.
(iv) He is rich. He is not contented.
(v) He was horrified. He saw bloodstains on the floor.
(vi) He tried hard. He did not succeed.
(vii) They took every precaution. They suffered from the disease.
(viii) I have a lot of work. I must do it now.
(ix) Be good. You will be happy.
(x) He practised daily. He became an expert player.

Answers:
(i) He finished his exercises and put away his books.
(ii) He must not be late, otherwise he will be punished.
(iii) Make haste, or you will be late.
(iv) He is rich, but he is not contented.
(v) He was horrified, for he saw bloodstains on the floor.
(vi) He tried hard, but he did not succeed.
(vii) They took every precaution, yet they suffered from the disease.
(viii) I have a lot of work, so I must do it now.
(ix) Be good, and you will be happy.
(x) He practised daily, so he became an expert player.

Additional Questions

Combine each pair of the following sentences into a compound sentence using conjunctions such as and, but, or, so, yet, for, or otherwise.

1.    Work hard. You will fail.

2.    He was very tired. He completed his work.

3.    She was ill. She attended the meeting.

4.    Hurry up. We shall miss the train.

5.    The road was slippery. The driver drove carefully.

6.    Tell me the truth. I shall forgive you.

7.    The bell rang. The students entered the classroom.

8.    He is poor. He is honest.

9.    Start now. You will reach the station in time.

10. He studied sincerely. He passed the examination with distinction.

Answers:

1.    Work hard, otherwise you will fail.

2.    He was very tired, but he completed his work.

3.    She was ill, yet she attended the meeting.

4.    Hurry up, or we shall miss the train.

5.    The road was slippery, so the driver drove carefully.

6.    Tell me the truth, and I shall forgive you.

7.    The bell rang, and the students entered the classroom.

8.    He is poor, but he is honest.

9.    Start now, else you will not reach the station in time.

10. He studied sincerely, so he passed the examination with distinction.

Activity–6

Combine each pair of the following sentences into a compound sentence using one of the correlatives either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, or both...and.
(i) Energy is necessary for success in life. Patience is also necessary for success in life.
(ii) I have left my glasses on the bus. I have left my glasses at the office.
(iii) He cannot speak English. He cannot speak Hindi.
(iv) The boy is very healthy. He is also very happy.
(v) He does not drink tea. He does not drink coffee.
(vi) She draws pictures neatly. She also paints them beautifully.
(vii) The artists will sing for us. They will dance for us too.

Answers:
(i) Both energy and patience are necessary for success in life.
(ii) I have left my glasses either on the bus or at the office.
(iii) He can speak neither English nor Hindi.
(iv) The boy is not only very healthy but also very happy.
(v) He drinks neither tea nor coffee.
(vi) She not only draws pictures neatly but also paints them beautifully.
(vii) The artists will both sing and dance for us.

Additional Questions

Combine each pair of the following sentences into a compound sentence using one of the correlatives either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, or both...and.

1.    Ramesh will attend the meeting. Suresh will attend the meeting.

2.    The baby was hungry. The baby was sleepy.

3.    He does not know French. He does not know German.

4.    She is intelligent. She is hardworking.

5.    You can travel by train. You can travel by bus.

6.    My brother plays cricket. My sister plays cricket.

7.    The teacher explained the lesson clearly. The teacher solved our doubts patiently.

8.    He likes neither coffee. He likes tea. (Combine appropriately.)

9.    The principal praised the student. The principal rewarded the student.

10. We should respect our parents. We should obey our teachers.

Answers:

1.    Both Ramesh and Suresh will attend the meeting.

2.    The baby was not only hungry but also sleepy.

3.    He knows neither French nor German.

4.    She is not only intelligent but also hardworking.

5.    You can travel either by train or by bus.

6.    Both my brother and my sister play cricket.

7.    The teacher not only explained the lesson clearly but also solved our doubts patiently.

8.    He likes neither coffee nor tea.

9.    The principal not only praised the student but also rewarded him.

10. We should both respect our parents and obey our teachers.

Activity–7

Break up each of the following sentences into separate clauses. Mark the Main Clause as M.C. and the Subordinate Clause as S.C.
(i) He would go if you asked him.
(ii) You should not disbelieve what he says.
(iii) He found the watch that he had lost.
(iv) Though he was born of poor parents, he rose to greatness.
(v) We thought that he was a hermit.
(vi) A dog that barks seldom bites.
(vii) The place where Buddha was buried has recently been discovered.
(viii) It always pours when it rains.

Answers:

(i) M.C.: He would go. S.C.: if you asked him.

(ii) M.C.: You should not disbelieve. S.C.: what he says.

(iii) M.C.: He found the watch. S.C.: that he had lost.

(iv) M.C.: he rose to greatness. S.C.: Though he was born of poor parents.

(v) M.C.: We thought. S.C.: that he was a hermit.

(vi) M.C.: A dog seldom bites. S.C.: that barks.

(vii) M.C.: The place has recently been discovered. S.C.: where Buddha was buried.

(viii) M.C.: It always pours. S.C.: when it rains.

Additional Questions

Break up each of the following sentences into separate clauses. Mark the Main Clause as M.C. and the Subordinate Clause as S.C.

1.    If you work hard, you will succeed.

2.    I know where he lives.

3.    The boy who won the prize is my cousin.

4.    Since it was raining, we stayed indoors.

5.    She smiled because she was happy.

6.    Although he was tired, he continued his work.

7.    I shall wait until you return.

8.    The man whom I met yesterday is a doctor.

9.    As the bell rang, the students entered the classroom.

10. This is the house where my grandfather was born.

Answers:

1.    M.C.: You will succeed. S.C.: If you work hard.

2.    M.C.: I know. S.C.: where he lives.

3.    M.C.: The boy is my cousin. S.C.: who won the prize.

4.    M.C.: We stayed indoors. S.C.: Since it was raining.

5.    M.C.: She smiled. S.C.: because she was happy.

6.    M.C.: He continued his work. S.C.: Although he was tired.

7.    M.C.: I shall wait. S.C.: until you return.

8.    M.C.: The man is a doctor. S.C.: whom I met yesterday.

9.    M.C.: The students entered the classroom. S.C.: As the bell rang.

10. M.C.: This is the house. S.C.: where my grandfather was born.

Activity–8

Study the following sentences from your previous textbook. Write (S) against Simple Sentences, (D) against Compound Sentences and (X) against Complex Sentences.
(i) I saw that some of the tables had been pushed into a corner.
(ii) I chose the corner table and started skimming through the newspaper.
(iii) When I had finished my lunch, I asked the waiter about her.
(iv) The curiosity which I felt about the girl persisted.
(v) I understood how she felt.
(vi) Do you usually go this way?
(vii) As we drank tea, I talked about India.
(viii) When I go to that part of the country, I shall visit your brother's grave and write to you.
(ix) Maggie, take Mr Gupta upstairs.
(x) I got up and held her hand.

Answers:

(i) X (Complex)
(ii) D (Compound)
(iii) X (Complex)
(iv) X (Complex)
(v) X (Complex)
(vi) S (Simple)
(vii) X (Complex)
(viii) X (Complex)
(ix) S (Simple)
(x) D (Compound)

Additional Questions

Study the following sentences. Write (S) against Simple Sentences, (D) against Compound Sentences and (X) against Complex Sentences.

1.    The sun rises in the east.

2.    He worked hard, so he passed the examination.

3.    If you call me, I shall come immediately.

4.    The children were playing in the park.

5.    She was tired, but she completed her work.

6.    The boy who won the race is my friend.

7.    Open the window.

8.    We reached the station before the train arrived.

9.    He is poor but honest.

10. The little girl smiled happily.

Answers:

1.    S (Simple)

2.    D (Compound)

3.    X (Complex)

4.    S (Simple)

5.    D (Compound)

6.    X (Complex)

7.    S (Simple)

8.    X (Complex)

9.    S (Simple)

10. S (Simple)