CHAPTER: 9 A. Subject Verb Agreement
ASSIGNMENT
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
1. Neither of the two students...............present. (was/were)
2. The manager and director............... appointed him. (has/have)
3. Many a worker............... injured in the train accident.(was/were)
4. One of the players.............. appointed as the captain of the team. (was/were)
5. Either Meera or her friends........... to be blamed. (is/are)
6. None of his books ………………read today. (is/are)
7. The quality of the shoes. ………….not good. (was/ were)
8. Ten thousand rupees................ a good sum.(is/are)
9. Neither the manager nor the workers............ present in the factory. (is/are)
10. Fifty kilometres................. a long distance to go on foot. (is/are)
11. Sunil, as well as his friends, ………… won the competition. (has/have) .
12. The size of the sheets ……………. irregular. (is/are)
13. The Midnight's Children …………. written by Salman Rushdie.( was /were)
14. The jury................... divided in their opinions. (was /were)
15. My friends as well as I............ present. (were/was)
.
Ans. 1. was, 2. has, 3. was, 4. was, 5. are, 6. are, 7. was, 8. is, 9. are, 10. is, 11. has, 12. is, 13. was, 14. were, 15. were
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) was advertised
Sir Edward Thomas was the Minister for civil works in Churchill's Cabinet. A work tender ....0.... (advertise) by his department, and one of his classmates....1.... (fill) in the tender. He assured his friend that he......... (help) him get the assignment but the job must....3.... (finish) on time. Eventually Sir Thomas called....4..... (inform) him that the work order was ready. The meeting was fixed at 1 p.m. The friend reached six minutes past one.....5.... (Look) at his watch Thomas asked his secretary to tell his friend that his tender....6.... (reject). The thoroughly....7.... (shake)friend immediately called Sir Thomas to ask what....8.... (happen). "Yes, I have said that because you are six minutes late. It is evident that you would never finish the job on time," said the Minister.
Ans. 1. filled, 2. would help, 3. must be finished, 4. to inform, 5. looking, 6. was rejected, 7. shaken, 8. had happened
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) The students didn't look up but carried..................writing..
(b) My teacher enquired …………............ my mother's health.
(c) Will you look ................ this list and tell me what you think?
(d) The new government has brought. .............. many changes.
(e) The roof gave way…………………. the weight of the snow.
(f) Courage will carry him...................difficulties.
(g) I moved myself………………… the fireplace.
h) We couldn't help laughing... his mimicry.
Ans. a. on, b. about, c. through, d. about, e. under, f. through, g. towards, h. at
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. My health was poor. I was on leave from the office.
(a) I was on leave from the office as my health was poor.
(b) I was on leave from the office, as my health was poor.
(c) My health was poor as well as I was on leave from the office.
(d) I was on leave from the office being of poor health
Ans. (None) I was on leave from the office, for my health was poor. (Compound)
Ans. (or) I was on leave from the office because my health was poor. (Complex)
Ans. (or) I was on leave from the office for my poor health. (Simple)
Ans. As/Since my health was poor, I was on leave from the office. (Complex)
Ans. My health was poor, hence/therefore I was on leave from the office. (Compound)
Ans. Owing to my poor health, I was on leave from the office. (Simple)
2. The captain was reasonable. He refused to make any compromise.
(a) The captain is not reasonable to he refused to make any compromise.
(b) The captain was unreasonable hence he refused to make any compromise.
(c) The captain refused to make any compromise as he was reasonable.
(d) The captain refused to make any compromise as he is not unreasonable.
Ans. (None) The captain refused to make any compromise, for he was reasonable. (Compound)
Ans. (or) The captain refused to make any compromise because he was reasonable. (Complex)
Ans. (or) The captain refused to make any compromise for being reasonable. (Simple)
Ans. (or) The captain was reasonable, hence/therefore he refused to make any compromise (Compound)
Ans. (or) As/Since the captain was reasonable, he refused to make any compromise. (Complex)
*Here, reasonable means being guided by one’s reason or scruple.
3. The rain had come down heavily. We got totally drenched.
(a) The rain had come down heavily to make us totally drenched.
(b) We must have been drenched as the rain had come down heavily.
(c) The rain being heavy we got totally drenched.
(d) The rain being heavy they were totally drenched.
Ans. (None) The rain had come down heavily, hence/therefore we got totally drenched. (Compound)
Ans. (None) As/Since the rain had come down heavily, we got totally drenched. (Complex)
Ans. (None) The rain having come down heavily, we got totally drenched. (Simple)
Ans. (None) We got totally drenched, for the rain had come down heavily. (Compound)
Ans. (None) We got totally drenched because the rain had come down heavily. (Complex)
4. He did not succeed in the competition. He made every effort.
(a). He did not succeed in the competition he did not made every effort.
(b) Despite making every effort, he did not succeed in the competition.
(c) He did not succeed in the competition but he made every effort.
(d) Even though he made every effort to succeed in the competition.
Ans. (b) Despite making every effort, he did not succeed in the competition. (Simple)
Ans. or, He made every effort, still/however he did not succeed in the competition. (Compound)
Ans. or, Though/ Even if he made every effort, he did not succeed in the competition. (Complex)
Ans. or, Notwithstanding that he made every effort, he did not succeed in the competition. (Complex)
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. He left Kolkata two weeks ago after completing his work. (Begin: It has been.....)
(a) It has been two weeks since he has left Kolkata after completing his work.
(b) It has been two weeks that he left Kolkata after completing his work.
(c) It has been two weeks that he left for Kolkata after completing his work.
(d) It has been two weeks ever since he left for Kolkata after completing his work.
Ans. (None) It has been two weeks since he left Kolkata after completing his work.
Ans. (None) It is two weeks since he left Kolkata after completing his work.
2. A storm will probably be there. (Begin: It is probable.....)
(a) It is probable that there will be a storm there.
(b) It is probable if a storm will be there.
(c) It is probable there will be a storm.
(d) It is probable that a storm will be there.
Ans. (c) It is probable there will be a storm.
3. Nobody else in our school is as smart as Uma. (Use: smarter)
(a) Uma is smarter than any other girl in our school.
(b) Nobody in our school is smarter to Uma.
(c) Nobody in our school was smarter than Uma.
(d) Nobody in our school is smart as Uma.
Ans. (a) Uma is smarter than any other girl in our school.
4. You can come with us for the picnic provided your father permits you. (Begin: Unless)
(a) Unless your father permits you, you can come with us for the picnic.
(b) Unless your father does not permit you, you cannot come with us for the picnic.
(c) Unless your father permits, you cannot come with us for the picnic.
(d) Unless your father is permitting you, you can come with us for the picnic.
Ans. (c) Unless your father permits, you cannot come with us for the picnic.
5. There are few people in the market today. (Begin: There are hardly.....)
(a) There were hardly any people in the market today.
(b) There are hardly any people in the market today.
(c) There are hardly any few people in the market today.
(d) There are hardly any people in the market on this day.
Ans. (b) There are hardly any people in the market today.
6. If I had a chance, I could have succeeded. (Begin: Had I……..)
(a) Had I a chance, I could have succeeded.
(b) Had I given a chance, I would have succeeded.
(c) Had I been giving a chance, I could have succeeded.
(d) Had I been given a chance, I would have succeeded.
Ans. (a) Had I a chance, I could have succeeded.
Ans. (or) Had I had a chance, I could have succeeded.
7. "Don't play on the road," the teacher said to the children. (Begin: The teacher forbade...)
(a) The teacher forbade the children to play on the road.
(b) The teacher forbade the children play on the road.
(c) The teacher forbade the children from playing on the road.
(d) The teacher forbade the children not to play on the road.
Ans. (a) The teacher forbade the children to play on the road.
8. Greed seemed to have motivated him. (Begin: He seemed to.....)
(a) He seemed to be motivated by greed.
(b) He seemed to had been motivated by greed
(c) He seemed to have motivated greed.
(d) He seemed to have been motivated by greed.
Ans. (d) He seemed to have been motivated by greed.
CHAPTER TEN 10 A. Direct and Indirect Speech
ASSIGNMENT
1. In each of the following items, sentence A is complete but sentence B is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time making it as similar as possible in meaning so that it could replace A. Make B one sentence, not two. No change of any kind may be made to the printed parts of the B sentences.
1. A. Sumit said to Anil, "I am busy, I cannot accompany you to the market."
B. Sumit told Anil………………………
Ans. Sumit told Anil that he was busy, so he could not accompany him to the market.
2. A. The Principal said to the peon, "Why didn't you give the file to the librarian yesterday?
B. The Principal asked....................................
Ans. The Principal asked the peon why he hadn't given the file to the librarian the previous
day.
3. A. Shiva said, "Alas! How stupid I have been!"
B. Shiva................................................................
Ans. Shiva regretted that he had been extremely stupid.
Ans. Shiva regretted how stupid he had been..
4. A. She said, "O that I were rich again!"
B. She wished……………………………………....
Ans. She wished to be rich again.
Ans. She wished that she had been rich again.
5. A. The lady said to the servant, "Go to the post office and bring some revenue stamps.
B. The lady ordered……………………………………….
Ans. The lady ordered the servant to go to the post office and bring some revenue stamps.
6. A. The mother said, "May God bless you with success!"
B. The mother prayed……………………………………..
Ans. The mother prayed to God that He might bless him with success.
Ans. The mother prayed that God might bless him with success.
7. A. My uncle said to my brother, "I have bought a cell phone for you."
B. My uncle told…………………………………………
Ans. My uncle told my brother that he had bought a cell phone for him.
8. A. Mala said to Mini, "When will your brother come from Canada.?"
B. Mala asked……………………………………………..
Ans. Mala asked Mini when her brother would come from Canada.
9. A. He said to me, "Will you lend me some money?"
B. He asked………………………………………………...
Ans. He asked me whether I would lend him some money.
10. A. My mother said, "Do not order junk food."
B. My mother............................................................
Ans. My mother asked not to order junk food.
Ans. My mother forbade to order junk food.
II. Rewrite the following according to the instruction given after each sentence. Change
only what you are asked and make a correct sentence. Do not alter the meaning. You have to make your sentence say the same thing in a different way.
1. "It is raining heavily, take your umbrella," said the mother to her son.
Begin: The mother told.
Ans. The mother asked her son to take his umbrella because it was raining heavily.
2. The Principal told the students that they should salute the flag smartly.
End:"………………………………." the Principal said to the students.
Ans. "You should salute the flag smartly," the Principal said to the students.
3. He said, "Alas! Our foes are too strong."
Begin: He exclaimed…………………………………………………..
Ans. He exclaimed with despair that their foes were too strong.
4. "Bring me a glass of water," said the Swami to the villagers.
Begin: The Swami asked…………………………………………
Ans. The Swami asked the villager to bring him a glass of water.
5. He said to his friend, "I have passed the examination."
Begin: He informed………………………………………...
Ans. He informed his friend that he had passed the examination.
6. The teacher advised the students not to come late.
Begin: The teacher said to the students,
Ans. The teacher said to the students, "Do not come late."
7. The father said to his son, "Do not submit the project without showing it to me.”
End……………………………………… a showing it to him.
Ans. The father advised his son not to submit the project without showing that to him.
8. The old woman said to the man, "Can you tell me the way to the nearest temple?"
Begin: The old woman asked………………………………………
Ans. The old woman asked the man if he could tell her the way to the temple.
9. "Help me to carry this heavy suitcase," said Mrs Madan to me.
End:.............................................................................heavy suitcase.
Ans. Mrs Madan asked me to help her to carry that heavy suitcase.
10. He said, "Children be quiet and listen to me."
End:…………………………………………………. listen to him.
Ans. He asked the children to be quiet and listen to him.
11. The shopkeeper said to me, "Sir, can I help you now?"
Begin: The shopkeeper asked me.......……………………
Ans. The shopkeeper asked me if he could help me.
12. The teacher said to the boy, "This is not the first time you have received your friend."
End: ...................................................................... received his friend.
Ans. The teacher told the boy that was not the first time he had received his friend.
13. Mother said to me, "Wait here till I come back."
Begin: Mother requested me............................
Ans. Mother requested me to wait there till she came back.
14. The teacher said to the children, "Let us go out for a picnic."
Begin: The teacher suggested…………………………………
Ans. The teacher suggested to the children that they should go out for a picnic.
15. The policeman said to me, "You have crossed the red light and I will book you for this." Begin: The policeman told me………………………………………..
Ans. The policeman told me that I had crossed the red light and he would book me for that.
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) launched
Chandi Prasad Bhatt....0.... (launch) a public campaign, …1……(know) as the "Chipko Movement, to protect the trees against the axe. In this movement, village women …2…….(play) an active role. They took up their positions with each……3…… (hug) a tree by enveloping the trunk in their arms. This....4... (do) to warn the contractors that if they wanted …5….. (cut) down a tree, they would have to attack the protestors first. Bhatt himself...6...(surprise) at the success of the movement and at the protectors' positive participation to prevent the felling of trees. This unusual movement was successful, for it....7........ (base) on the principle of non-violence and....8.... (focus) on the sentimental feelings of the local inhabitants who treated trees as their family members.
1.known, 2. played, 3. hugging, 4. was done, 5. to cut, 6. was surprised, 7. was based, 8. focused
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) The general commanded his men to carry…………his orders.
(b) What made her to fall...............……….evil days?
(c) My aunt is very ill, but she will pull……………….
(d) She has no excuse………….. not coming to the function.
(e) He had always hankered ……………. riches.
(f) The children are too young to sit............................a long movie.
(g) The culprit is still…………………large.
(h) I shall deal.........................him at the appropriate time.
Ans. a. out, b. on, c. through, d. for, e. after, f. through, g. at, h. with
(ii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
(1) I went to Pune. I wished to see my aunt there.
(a) I wish to see my aunt therefore I went to Pune.
(b) I went to Pune as I wished I could see my aunt.
(c) I wished to see my aunt hence I went to Pune.
(d) I went to Pune to see my aunt.
Ans. (d) I went to Pune to see my aunt. (Simple)
Ans. (or) I went to Pune, else I could not see my aunt. (Compound)
Ans. (or) I went to Pune that/so that I could see my aunt. (Complex)
2. He may be truthful. I do not know.
(a) I do not know that he may be a liar.
(b) I do not know if he is truthful.
(c) I do not know if he can be truthful.
(d) I do not know whether he is truthful or not.
Ans. (d) I do not know whether he is truthful or not.
3. My brother lost his Admit Card. I found it on the pavement.
(a) I found lost Admit Card of my brother's on the pavement.
(b) I found my brother's Admit Card lost on the pavement.
(c) I found my brother's lost Admit Card on the pavement.
(d) My brother lost his Admit Card when I found it on the pavement.
Ans. (c) I found my brother's lost Admit Card on the pavement. (Simple)
Ans. (or) My brother lost his Admit Card which I found on the pavement. (Complex)
4. I must have eaten something rotten. My stomach is upset.
(a) I ate something rotten to upset my stomach.
(b) My stomach is upset as I must have eaten something rotten.
(c) Something rotten was eaten by me due to which my stomach was upset.
(d) I must have eaten something rotten for my stomach is upset.
Ans. (d) I must have eaten something rotten, for my stomach is upset. (Compound)
Ans. (or) I must have eaten something rotten because my stomach is upset. (Complex)
Ans. (or) Since/As my stomach is upset, I must have eaten something rotten. (Complex)
Ans. (or) My stomach is upset, therefore I must have eaten something rotten. (Compound)
Ans. (or) Due to my eating something rotten, my stomach is upset. (Compound)
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. The firemen extinguished the fire. (Use: put)
(a) The firemen put off the fire.
(b) The firemen put the fire off.
(c) The firemen put out the fire.
(d) The fire was put off by the firemen.
Ans. (c) The firemen put out the fire.
2. His speech was received well by the audience. (Use: went down)
(a) His speech went down well by the audience.
(b) His speech went down well to the audience.
(c) His speech went down well for the audience.
(d) His speech went down well with the audience.
Ans. (d) His speech went down well with the audience.
3. Although we searched the area, we could not find the key. (Begin: In spite of ......)
(a) In spite of searching the area, we would not find the key.
(b) In spite of searched the area, we could not find the key.
(c) In spite of searching the area, we could not find the key.
(d) In spite of searching, we could not find the key.
Ans. (c) In spite of searching the area, we could not find the key. (Simple)
Ans. or, We searched the area, still/however we could not find the key. (Compound)
4. "This is how you make a pot," the potter said to us. (Begin: The potter explained.....)
(a) The potter explained to us how to make a pot.
(b) The potter explained us how to make a pot.
(c) The potter explained to us that how to make a pot.
(d) The potter explained to us that this is how you make a pot.
Ans. (a) The potter explained to us how to make a pot.
5. This exercise is less difficult than that. (Use: easier)
(a) This exercise is easier than that.
(b) This exercise is not easier than that.
(c) This exercise is more easier than that.
(d) This exercise is most easier of all.
Ans. (a) This exercise is easier than that.
6. More mobile phones were sold this year than last year. (Begin: The number ....)
(a) The number of mobile phones sold this year are more than last year.
(b) The number of mobile phones sold this year is much more than last year.
(c) The number of mobile phones sold this year is more than that of last year.
(d) The number of mobile phones sold this year is more than to last year.
Ans. (c) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is more than that of last year. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. (Simplified) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is more than the number of mobile phones sold last year. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. (or) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is not so many as that of last year.
(Positive Degree)
Ans. (Simplified) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is not so many as the number of mobile phones sold last year.
(Positive Degree)
7. He is not only a good debater, but also an excellent politician. (Begin: Besides being……)
(a) Besides being a good debater, he is also an excellent politician.
(b) Besides being an excellent politician, he is only a good debater.
(c) Besides being a good debater, he is an excellent politician.
(d) Besides being only a good debater, he is also an excellent politician.
Ans. (c) Besides being a good debater, he is an excellent politician. (Simple)
Ans. (or) Apart from being a good debater, he is an excellent politician. (Simple)
Ans. (or) He is both a good debater and an excellent politician. (Simple)
Ans. (or) He is a good debater as well as an excellent politician. (Simple)
8. Few people read classics these days. (Begin: Hardly...)
(a) Hardly few people read classics these days.
(b) Hardly anybody reads classics these days.
(c) Hardly anybody is reading classics these days.
(d) Hardly anybody read classics these days.
Ans. (b) Hardly anybody reads classics these days.
CHAPTER: 11 A. Articles
Assignment
Insert 'a', 'an' or 'the' as necessary in the given blanks:
1. He is not................... honourable man.
2. Could you pass me................ salt, please?
3. I have...................hour and half for lunch.
4. Kalidasa is …………… Shakespeare of India..
5. She had …………amazing experience last night.
6. Do you go to.......................... prison to visit him.
7. Oil is vital to …………… economy of many countries.
8...................... honest man is................. noblest work of God.
9. ………… rich are getting richer and …...........poor are getting poorer.
10. ..........................dead no longer need help.
11. Who is at............door? It is.................postman.
12. I don't know how much... ..............MP (Member of Parliament) earns.
13. Everest is..............highest mountain peak in.............. world.
14. Arun thinks that this is quite............... cheap hotel.
15. Not many people read poetry, but quite............... few read novels.
Ans. 1. an, 2. the, 3. an, a, 4. the, 5. an, 6. the, 7. the, 8. an, the, 9. the, the, 10. the, 11. The, the, 12. An, 13. The, 14. A, 15. a
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in the correct serial order, the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) had invented
Till 1879, Proctor and Gamble were dealing in candles. But the company was in trouble.
Thomas Edison.....0....... (invent) the light bulb, and it looked as if candles.....1..... (become)
obsolete. Their fears ...2....... (become) a reality when the market for candles plummeted
since they were then sold only for special occasions.
However, at this time, it seemed that destiny.....3....... (play) a dramatic role in.....4........ (pull) the struggling company out from the clutches of bankruptcy. A forgetful employee at a small factory forgot to turn off his machine when he went out for lunch. When he.....5......... (go) back, there was a frothing mass of lather filled with air bubbles. He almost…....6...... (throw) the stuff away, but then he decided to make it into soap. The soap.....7......(float) on water. Thus, Ivory Floating Soap.....8..... (born) and became the mainstay of the Proctor and Gamble Company.
1. would become, 2. became, 3. played, 4. pulling, 5. went, 6. had thrown, 7. floated, 8. was born
(ii) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words.
(a) The teacher refused to comply ………………my request
(b) The court put the suspect ………………a severe examination.
(c) The horse jumped ................................. the compound wall.
(d) He has got enlisted............................... the army.
(e) What does SOS stand ................. ?
(f) Her age is beginning to tell............................ her.
(g) The administration has been taken.................. by the mayor.
(h) She is always harping. ................... her bad luck.
Ans. a. with, b. under, c. over, d. in, e. for, f. upon, g. over, h. on
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. I met the student. He organised the function.
(a) I met the student who organised the function.
(b) I met the student as he organised the function.
(c) Since the student organised the function, I met him.
(d) The student organised the function when I met him.
Ans. (a) I met the student who organised the function.
Ans. or, The student, whom I met, organised the function.
2. We must educate them. We must make them independent.
(a) While educating them we must made them in dependent.
(b) We must educate them then make them in dependent.
(c) We should educate them as well as make them independent.
(d) We shall educate them as well as make them independent.
Ans. (None) We must educate them as well as make them independent.
Ans. (or) We must not only educate them but also make them independent.
Ans. (or) We must both educate them and make them independent.
3. This is the small town. My son was born here.
(a) This is the small town where my son was born in.
(b) This was the small town in which my son was born.
(c) This is the small town where my son was born.
(d) This is the small town where my son is born.
Ans. (c) This is the small town where my son was born.
4. The road was very bumpy. We had to pass through it.
(a) Although the road was very bumpy we had to pass through it.
(b) In spite of the road was very bumpy we had to pass through it.
(c) The road was bumpy yet we were to pass through it.
(d) The road was very bumpy, however, we will have to pass through it.
Ans. a. Although the road was very bumpy, we had to pass through it. (Complex)
Ans. or. Even though the road was very bumpy, we had to pass through it. (Complex)
Ans. or. Notwithstanding that the road was very bumpy, we had to pass through it. (Complex)
Ans. or. The road was very bumpy, still/ nonetheless we had to pass through it. (Compound)
Ans. or. We had to pass through a very bumpy road. (Simple)
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. The team consisted of eleven players. (Use: comprised)
(a) The team comprised of eleven players.
(b) The team comprised with eleven players.
(c) The team comprised eleven players.
(d) Eleven players comprised in a team.
Ans. (c) The team comprised eleven players.
2. I cannot bear it any longer. (Begin: How...)
(a) How can I bear it for long?
(b) How long can I bear it!
(c) How long can I bear it for?
(d) How can I bear it any longer?
Ans. (d) How can I bear it any longer?
3. John's sister is as economical as John (Use: more economical....)
(a) John's sister is more economical than John.
(b) John's sister is not more economical than John.
(c) John's sister was not more economical than John.
(d) John's sister is not more economical to John.
Ans. (None) John is not more economical than his sister.
4. I said to my sister, "Let us go to the market tomorrow for shopping."
(Begin: I suggested to my sister…………)
(a) I suggested to my sister let us go to the market tomorrow for shopping.
(b) I suggested to my sister to go to the market tomorrow for shopping.
(c) I suggested my sister that we will go to the market tomorrow for shopping
(d) I suggested to my sister to go for shopping the next day.
Ans. (None) I suggested to my sister to go to the market for shopping the next day.
5. Give him some more time and he will complete the project by tomorrow.
(Begin: If………………………………………..)
(a) If he is able to complete the project, give him more time.
(b) If he is given some more time, he will complete the project by tomorrow.
(c) If he can have more time, he will be able to complete the project by tomorrow.
(d) If he had more time, he would complete the project tomorrow.
Ans. (b) If he is given some more time, he will complete the project by tomorrow.
Ans. (or) If you give him some more time, he will complete the project by tomorrow.
6. It is a pity that I did not come yesterday. (Begin: I wish..................)
(a) I wish I had come yesterday.
(b) I wish I did not come yesterday.
(c) I wish I did come yesterday.
(d) I wish I came yesterday.
Ans. (d) I wish I came yesterday.
7. The children saw a movie, as well as had dinner at the club. (Begin: Not only .....)
(a) Not only did the children saw a movie, but they also had dinner at the club.
(b) Not only did the children saw a movie, but also have dinner in the club.
(c) Not only did the children see a movie, but they also had dinner at the club.
(d) Not only did the children see a movie, but also had dinner at the club.
Ans. (c) Not only did the children see a movie, but they also had dinner at the club.
8. It was too long a talk to hold the interest of the listeners. (Begin: It was such.....)
(a) It was such a long talk that it did not hold the interest of the listeners.
(b) It was such a long talk that it would not hold the interest of the listeners.
(c) It was such a long talk that it did not held the interest of the listeners.
(d) It was such a long talk that it held the interest of the listeners.
Ans. (a) It was such a long talk that it did not hold the interest of the listeners.
CHAPTER: 12 A. Adjectives
ASSIGNMENT
(A) Put a tick mark against the correct words given in brackets:
1. Did you hear the (latest, last) news?
2. He is not fond of ( this, these) kind of sweets.
3. My friend lives in the (nearest, next) town.
4. Who is (more, most) beautiful, Anne or Rita?
5. The Principal accepted the (latter, later) proposal.
6. Of the two brothers, Rakesh is the (elder, eldest).
7. Sarita came (later, latter) than I expected.
8. Can you do this without (further, farther) delay?
9. Maya is my (older, elder) sister.
10. She is inferior (than, to) her in social position.
Ans. 1. latest, 2. this, 3. nearest, 4, more beautiful, 5. latter, 6. elder, 7. later, 8. further, 9. elder, 10. to
(B) Arrange the adjectives in the correct order before the noun, changing ‘a’ and ‘an’ where necessary:
1. a coat (leather, black, dirty)
Ans. a dirty, black, leather coat
2. a shirt (Indian, cotton, green)
Ans. a green, Indian, cotton shirt
3. a car (black, small, Japanese)
Ans. a small, black, Japanese car
4. a carpet(beautiful, multi-coloured, oval)
Ans. a beautiful, oval, multi-coloured carpet
5. a table (teak, kitchen, handmade, brown)
Ans. a teak, brown, handmade, kitchen table
6. a necklace (old, gold, expensive, artistic)
Ans. an artistic, old, expensive gold necklace
7. a horse(brown, thin, countryside)
Ans. a thin, brown, countryside horse
8. a narrow, dark, dirty room
Ans. a narrow, dark, dirty room
9. a sweet buttery, straw-coloured, square, almond flavoured
Ans. square, straw-coloured, buttery, almond flavoured sweets
10. a boy (brave, tall, ambitious)
Ans. a tall, brave, ambitious boy
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) asked,
Three labourers were breaking stones. When ...0... (ask) by a passerby why they ……1….. (break) stones, the first labourer....2... (answer) "I am doing this because I didn't get another job.
The second labourer said, "I am doing this.....3... (feed) my children well." While the third labourer said, "A beautiful castle ...4.......... (build) with these stones that I am breaking!”
It was not....5.... (surprise) then that the third labourer was doing a better and faster job. You don't have to do this, it ........ (happen) automatically. In the language of economics this would mean more productivity, lesser time. The question is not what you....7........ (do) but whether you are doing it with all your heart. Plenty would depend on this in terms of …8……… (save) time.
1. were breaking, 2. answered, 3. to feed, 4. Is to be built, 5. Surprising, 6. Happens, 7. are doing, 8. saving
(a) We managed to cope ………….. all of these difficulties.
(b) She quarrelled with her sister ................... a trifle.
(c) They bowed …………………. the shrine.
(d) They discussed the issue. ........... a cup of tea.
(e) Fire fighters had to break …………the door to reach the people trapped inside the house.
(f) The river is flowing. ........................ the bridge.
(g) He is intent…………….breaking the world record.
(h) A committee has been set ………….. to examine the questions.
Ans. a. With, b. over, c. in, d. over, e. open, f. under, g. on, h. up
III. Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. Rahul gave them advice. He helped them with money.
(a) Rahul gave them advice yet he helped them with money.
(b) Rahul gave them advice to help them with money.
(c) Besides giving them advice Rahul also helped them with money.
(d) Rahul gave them both his advice as well as money.
Ans. Besides giving them advice, Rahul also helped them with money.
2. The project must be completed. It does not matter what it costs.
(a) It does not matter what it costs, the project was completed.
(b) The project must be completed because cost does not matter.
(c) The project must be completed at any cost.
(d) It does not matter what it costs for the project to be completed.
Ans. (c) The project must be completed at any cost.
3. I met him at the office. I was very lucky.
(a) I was very lucky to have to meet him at the office.
(b) I was very lucky to have met him at his office.
(c) I met him at the office as I was very lucky.
(d) I was lucky enough to meet him at the office.
Ans. (d) I was lucky enough to meet him at the office.
4. I will tell you a secret. You must not divulge it.
(a) I will tell you a secret which you must not divulge it.
(b) I will tell you a secret however you must not divulge it.
(c) I will tell you a secret which you must not divulge.
(d) You must not divulge the secret I tell you.
Ans. (c) I will tell you a secret which you must not divulge.
Ans. (or) You must not divulge the secret that I will tell you.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. As soon as the Principal arrived, the function began.
(Begin: No sooner.....)
(a) No sooner did the Principal arrive, the function began.
(b) No sooner had the Principal arrived, the function began.
(c) No sooner had the Principal arrive, the function began.
(d) No sooner had the Principal arrived, the function begin.
Ans. (None) No sooner did the Principal arrive, than the function began.
2. The students will have completed the work before Sunday.
(Begin: The work.......................)
(a) The work will have been completed by the students before Sunday.
(b) The work shall have been completed by the students before Sunday.
(c) The work would have been completed by the students before Sunday.
(d) The work would have been complete before Sunday by the students.
Ans. (b) The work will have been completed by the students before Sunday.
3. If he had not helped me, I would have been ruined. (Begin: But..............)
(a) But for his help, I would not have been ruined.
(b) But if he had not helped me, I would not have been ruined.
(c) But for his help, I would have been ruined.
(d) But for his help, I would have ruined.
Ans. (c) But for his help, I would have been ruined.
4. They had to spend a night in a hotel because the train was late. (Begin: If .....)
(a) If the train is late they will spend a night in a hotel.
(b) If the train was late they had to spend a night in a hotel.
(c) If the train had not been late they would not have to spend the night in a hotel.
(d) If the train would not be late they would not spend the night in a hotel.
Ans. (c) If the train had not been late; they would not have to spend the night in a hotel.
5. Being poor, he cannot afford such an expensive treatment. (Use: as)
(a) As he is poor, he cannot afford such an expensive treatment.
(b) Poor as he is, he cannot afford to have an expensive treatment.
(c) As he was poor, he could not afford the expensive treatment.
(d) Being as poor as he is, he would not afford such an expensive treatment.
Ans. (a) As he is poor, he cannot afford such an expensive treatment.
6. "Would that I could swim like a fish!" said Harry. (Begin: Harry wished.....)
(a) Harry wished I could swim like a fish.
(b) Harry wished I would swim like a fish.
(c) Harry wished he could swim like a fish.
(d) Harry wished "Would that I could swim like a fish!"
Ans. (c) Harry wished he could swim like a fish.
7. The students’ poor performance infuriated the teacher.
(Begin: The teacher……………………………..)
(a) The teacher was infuriated for the poor performance by the students.
(b) The teacher was infuriated of the poor performance of the students.
(c) The teacher was infuriated with the poor performance of the students.
(d) The teacher was infuriated at the poor performance of the students.
Ans. (d) The teacher was infuriated at the poor performance of the students.
8. Unless you despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(Begin: If ………………………………………..)
(a) If you did not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(b) If you had not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(c) If you do not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(d) If you had despatched your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
Ans. (c) If you do not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN A. Comparison of Adjectives
ASSIGNMENT
Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Change only what you are asked to do and make a correct sentence. You have to make your sentence say the same thing in a different way.
1. Very few towns are as large as Kolkata
(Begin: Kolkata is...................................)
Ans. Kolkata is larger than most other towns. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. Kolkata is one of the largest towns. (Superlative Degree)
2. December is the coldest month in Delhi.
(Begin: No other month............................)
Ans. No other month is as cold as December in Delhi. (Positive Degree)
Ans. or, December is the colder than any other month in Delhi. (Comparative Degree)
3. I get up earlier than she does.( End...as I do)
Ans. She does not get up so early as I do. (Positive Degree)
4. Swati is one of the swiftest runners in school.
(Begin: Very few runners in school…………....)
Ans. Very few runners in school are so swift as Swati. (Positive Degree)
Ans. Swati is swifter than most other runners in school. (Comparative Degree)
5. No other substance is as hard as diamond. (Use: hardest)
Ans. Diamond is the hardest substance. (Superlative Degree)
Ans. Diamond is harder than any other substance. (Comparative Degree)
6. Gandhiji was more popular than any other contemporary leader.
(Use: ‘most popular’ instead of ‘more popular’)
Ans. Gandhiji was the most popular contemporary leader. (Superlative Degree)
Ans. or, No other contemporary leader was so popular as Gandhiji. (Positive Degree)
7. A living ass is better than a dead horse. (Use: ‘good’ instead of ‘better’)
Ans. A dead horse is not so good as a living ass. (Positive Degree)
8. Lead is heavier than any other metal. (Use: ‘heavy’ instead of ‘heavier’)
Ans. No other metal is as heavy as lead. (Positive Degree)
Ans. or, Lead is the heaviest metal. (Superlative Degree)
9. Aruna is less strong than Jaya (Use: stronger than)
Ans. Jaya is stronger than Aruna. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. Aruna is not as strong as Jaya. (Positive Degree)
10. She is as fresh as a flower. (Begin: a flower)
Ans. A flower is not fresher than she. (Comparative Degree)
11. Everest is the highest peak. (Begin: There is………….)
Ans. There is no other peak as high as Everest. (Positive Degree)
12. He is not the best boy in the class. (Begin: He is not better than…….)
Ans. He is not better than the other boys in the class. (Comparative Degree)
13. Kalidasa is the greatest of Indian poets. (Use: ‘greater’ instead of greatest)
Ans. Kalidasa is greater than all other Indian poets. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. or, No other Indian poets are so great as Kalidasa is. (Positive Degree)
14. A rainbow is one of the most beautiful sights. (Begin: Very few sights……...)
Ans. Very few sights are as beautiful as a rainbow. (Positive Degree)
Ans. or, A rainbow is more beautiful than most other sights. (Comparative Degree)
15. This town is not so clean as that town. (Use: ‘cleaner’)
Ans. That town is cleaner than this town. (Comparative Degree)
Question 5
Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) decided
Once there was a swallow who ……0…… (decide) not to fly south for the winter. However,
when the weather …1…..(turn) cold, he reluctantly started ……2… (fly) southwards. In a short time ice began to forms on its wings and it fell to earth frozen still.
A cow passed by and …3….. (drop) its dung on the little swallow. The dung warmed it and defrosted its wings. Warm and happy, able …4…….(breathe), it started to chirp. Just then a large cat came by and ……5….. (hear) the chirping, found out where it was coming from, clawed away the dung and …6……. (swallow) the swallow.
The story shows that everyone who …7……(drop) dung on you is not necessarily your enemy; everyone who gets you out of the dung is not necessarily your friend; and if you are warm and happy in a pile of dung……8….. (keep) your mouth shut.
Ans. 1. turned , 2. to fly , 3. dropped , 4. to breathe, 5. heard, 6. swallowed, 7. drops, 8. keep
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) The officers proceeded............. the tax evaders.
(b) I came................... an article about my school in a magazine.
(c) I want to impress................... you the need for hard work.
(d) The police broke …………….the demonstration. .
(e) He has travelled all ………………..Europe.
(f) She take................. her father in her external appearance.
.
(g) I dispensed................ the services of my maid.
(h) I now call.......... the Chief Guest to speak.
Ans. a. against, b. across, c. upon, d. up, e. over, f. after, g. with h. upon
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but or so. Choose the correct option.
1. Einstein was a great scientist. He discovered the theory of relativity.
(a) Einstein was a great scientist when he discovered the theory of relativity.
(b) Einstein was a great scientist who discovered the theory of relativity.
(c) Einstein discovered the theory of relativity hence he was a great scientist.
(d) Einstein was a great scientist because he discovered the theory of relativity.
Ans. (b) Einstein was a great scientist who discovered the theory of relativity.
2. His illness was serious. He stayed in bed for one month.
(a) He stayed in bed for one month with serious illness.
(b) He stayed in bed for one month for his serious illness.
(c) When his illness was serious, he stayed in bed for one month.
(d) Since his illness was serious, he stayed in bed for one month.
Ans. (d) Since his illness was serious, he stayed in bed for one month. (Complex)
Ans. (b) He stayed in bed for one month for his serious illness. (Simple)
Ans. (or) He stayed in bed for one month, for he was seriously illness. (Compound)
3. The rains failed this year. The harvest was poor.
(a) The harvest will be poor as the rains will fail this year.
(b) Due to the failed rains this year the harvest was poor.
(c) The harvest was poor as the rain was poor.
(d) The harvest was poor as the rains fail this year.
Ans. (b) Due to the failed rains this year the harvest was poor. (Simple)
Ans. (or) Since the rains failed this year, the harvest was poor. (Complex)
Ans. (or) The rains failed this year, therefore the harvest was poor. (Compound)
Ans. (or) The harvest was poor, for the rains failed this year. (Compound)
Ans. (or) The harvest was poor because the rains failed this year. (Complex)
4. He did not come to school. He did not inform anyone.
(a) He neither came to school nor informed anyone.
(b) Neither did he came to school nor did he informed anyone.
(c) As he did not come to school, he did not inform anyone.
(d) He did not inform anyone so he did not come to school.
Ans. (a) He neither came to school nor informed anyone.
Ans. (or) Neither did he come to school nor did he inform anyone.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. It is a pity that I did not take my doctor's advice. (Use: wish)
(a) I wish I would have taken my doctor's advice
(b) I wish I had taken my doctor's advice.
(c) I wish I could have taken my doctor's advice.
(d) I wish I have taken my doctor's advice.
Ans. (b) I wish I had taken my doctor's advice.
2. He decided to walk instead of taking the bus. (Use: Rather than.....)
(a) He decided to walk rather than take the bus.
(b) He decided to walk rather than taking the bus.
(c) Rather than taking the bus he decided to walk.
(d) Instead of taking the bus he decided to rather walk.
Ans. (a) He decided to walk rather than take the bus. (Complex) (Rather than is a subordinate conjunction.)
Ans. (a) He decided to walk rather than taking the bus. . (Simple) (Rather than is a Preposition.)
3. The price of vegetables has risen recently. (End: ……….vegetables)
(a) Recently there has been a rise in the prices of vegetables.
(b) Recently there is a rise in the prices of vegetables.
(c) Recently there has been price rise of vegetables.
(d) Recently there was a rise in the prices of vegetables.
Ans. (a) Recently, there has been a rise in the prices of vegetables.
4. He never takes up the work which he cannot finish. (Begin: He always……..)
(a) He always takes up the work which he can finish.
(b) He always takes up the work which he cannot finish.
(c) He always takes up the work which he could finish.
(d) He always takes up the work which he would finish.
Ans. (a) He always takes up the work which he can finish.
5. Jimmy was the strongest of all men. (Use: stronger)
(a) Other men are stronger than Jimmy.
(b) Other men can be stronger than Jimmy.
(c) Jimmy was stronger than all other men.
(d) Jimmy was stronger than other such men.
Ans. (c) Jimmy was stronger than all other men. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. (or) No other men were so strong as Jimmy. (Positive Degree)
6. "Do you have any hotel in the city?" my uncle asked me. (Begin: My uncle……….)
(a) My uncle asked me if I have any hotel in the city.
(b) My uncle was asking me if I have any hotel in the city.
(c) My uncle asked me if I had any hotel in the city.
(d) My uncle asked me do you have any hotel in the city.
Ans. (c) My uncle asked me if I had any hotel in the city.
7. He was accused of telling lies. (Begin: People)
(a) People were accusing him of telling lies.
(b) People accused him of telling lies.
(c) People accuse him of telling lies.
(d) People accused him of lying.
Ans. (b) People accused him of telling lies.
8. If you go for an interview, you may be selected for the post. (Begin: Unless…...)
(a) Unless you go for the interview, you will not be selected for the post.
(b) Unless you don't go for the interview, you will not be selected for the post.
(c) Unless you go for the interview, you will be selected for the post.
(d) Unless you don't go for the interview, you will be selected for the post.
Ans. (a) Unless you go for the interview, you will not be selected for the post.
CHAPTER: 14 A. Adverbs
ASSIGNMENT
Place the adverb (given in brackets) in a suitable position in the sentence without emphasizing it.
1. He has already become fluent in French.
2. She still does not play cricket.
3. Has her brother always been a teacher?
4. I was hardly able to hear what she said.
5. We sometimes deceive ourselves.
6. I have seen the report today.
7. He generally does good work.
8. I know them quite well.
9. They were able to hear what she said clearly.
10. Has he merely glanced through the newspaper?
11. He won't ever give us our share.
12. He did fairly well in the interview.
13. He does not often refer to a dictionary.
14. Do you usually make many mistakes?
15. The teacher has marked these papers properly.
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) worked
Years ago, the Clark family in Scotland had a dream. Clark and his wife....0........ (work) and saved, making plans for their children and themselves....1........ (travel) to the United States. It …...2…... (take) years, but they had finally saved enough money and had got passports and reservations for the family on a new ship to the United States.
The family was filled with excitement at the thought of going to the US. However, seven days before their departure, the youngest son…...3...... (bit) by a dog. The doctor…....4….... (hang) a yellow sheet on the Clark's front door to warn people of the possibility of rabies. The Clarks …...5…... (quarantine) for fourteen days.
The family's dreams. ………… (shatter). They could not make the trip to America as they…...7…... (plan). The father shed tears of disappointment and cursed both his son and the dog for their misfortune.
Five days later, the tragic news spread throughout Scotland - the mighty Titanic in which the Clarks were to travel……8…… (sink), taking hundreds of lives with it.
Ans. 1. to travel, 2. took, 3. was bitten, 4. hung, 5. were quarantined, 6. were shattered, 7. had planned, 8. had sunk
.
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) He no longer counts her ……………….. his friend.
(b) His horse was walking.................... behind its master.
(c) His beliefs do not coincide…………… those of his wife.
(d) The death of the chief cast a gloom................... the village.
(e) The award winning novel has been translated................many languages.
(f) By evening he had got..…………. his excitement.
(g) His conduct has always been ……………….. suspicion.
(h) His irresponsible actions will be held …………………. him.
Ans. a. as/to be, b. along, c. with, d. over, e. into, f. over, g. above, h. against
III. Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but Choose the correct option.
1. Rita met her teacher on the road. She stopped to talk to her.
(a) Rita stopped to talk to her teacher that she met on the road.
(b) Rita stopped to talk to her teacher whom she met on the mad.
(c) When Rita met her teacher on the road, she stopped to talk to her.
(d) Rita shopped to talk her teacher when she met her on the road.
Ans. (c) When Rita met her teacher on the road, she stopped to talk to her.
2. She gave up her job. Her purpose was to look after her children.
(a) She gave up her job as she wants to look after her children.
(b) She gave up her job for looking after her children.
(c) She gave up her job to look after her children.
(4) She gave up her job looking after her children.
Ans. She gave up her job to look after her children.
3. He is the most efficient worker. No other worker can be compared to him.
(a) Other workers cannot be compared to him as he is the most efficient worker.
(b) Since he is the most efficient worker, none of the other workers are compared to him.
(c) He is the most efficient worker without any comparison.
(d) He is the most efficient worker to be compared to him.
Ans. (c) He is the most efficient worker without any comparison.
4. Hina has been in the hospital. She has been so since last week.
(a) Hina was in the hospital for last week.
(b) Hina has been in the hospital since last week.
(c) Hina had been in the hospital since one week.
(d) Hina had been in the hospital from a week.
Ans. (b) Hina has been in the hospital since last week.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence.
Choose the correct options.
1. We could not finish our plantation drive as it began to rain. (Use prevented)
(a) The rains prevented the completion of our plantation drive.
(b) The rains prevented the finishing of our plantation drive.
(c) The rains prevented us from finishing our plantation drive
(d) We could not finish our plantation drive as the rains prevented us.
Ans. (c) The rains prevented us from finishing our plantation drive.
2. Because of his busy schedule, he could not attend the meeting.
(Begin His busy schedule............................)
(a) His busy schedule could not let him attend the meeting
(b) His busy schedule did not let him attend the meeting.
(c) His busy schedule prevented him from attending the meeting
(d) His busy schedule prevented him to attend the meeting.
Ans. His busy schedule prevented him from attending the meeting.
3. The result surprised everybody in the country.
(Begin: The result took……….)
(a) The result took everybody in the country to a surprise.
(b) The result took everybody in the country with a surprise.
(c) The result took everybody of the country to a surprise.
(d) The result took everybody by a surprise.
Ans. (d) The result took everybody by a surprise.
4. Besides keeping a watch on his movements, the police tapped his phones.
(Begin: The police not only………………..)
(a) The police not only kept a watch on his movements, but also tapped his phones.
(b) The police not only watched his movements, but also tapped his phones.
(c) The police not only tapped his phones and watched his movements.
(d) The police not only watched his moves to also hear all that he did.
Ans. (a) The police not only kept a watch on his movements, but also tapped his phones.
5. She was left with a big fortune by her uncle (Use: inherit)
(a) She had inherited a big fortune from her uncle.
(b) She inherited a big fortune from her uncle.
(c) She had a big fortune to inherit from her uncle.
(d) She was left a big fortune as inheritance by her uncle.
Ans. (b) She inherited a big fortune from her uncle.
6. She regretted her inability to join us for the party
(Begin: She told us, “………….”)
(a) She told us, "I am unable to come for the party.”
(b) She told us regretfully that she would not be able to attend the party.
(c) She told us. "Regretfully I would not attend the party."
(d) She told us, "Sorry, I may not be able to attend the party.”
Ans. (None) She told us, "Sorry, I am unable to join you for the party."
7. Dimple eats only fruits and vegetables. (Begin: Dimple lives)
(a) Dimple lives to eat only fruits and vegetables.
(b) Dimple lives with only fruits and vegetables.
(c) Dimple lives only on fruits and vegetables.
(d) Dimple lives by only fruits and vegetables.
Ans. (c) Dimple lives only on fruits and vegetables.
8. No sooner did he go to bed than he fell asleep. (Begin: As soon as……….)
(a) As soon as he go to bed, he fell asleep.
(b) As soon as he went to bed, he fall asleep.
(c) As soon as he go to bed, he was falling asleep.
(d) As soon as he went to bed, he fell asleep.
Ans. (d) As soon as he went to bed, he fell asleep.
APPENDIX: 1
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) slowed
I.....0....(slow) the car as I saw the new house. I……1……. (pull) up into the driveway ……2……… (observe) the way they had ……. 3……(build) up the balcony. I ……..4……... (forgot) that the bricks of the house ……..5……chocolate brown. The new people…. 6……. (make) the tiny balcony into a study room. I........7…… (stare) at this house........ 8……… remember my childhood there.
Ans. 1. pulled, 2. observing, 3. had built, 4. had forgotten, 5. were, 6. had made, 7. stared, 8. remembering
(ii) Fill in each blank with appropriate words.
(a) Please wash…….the curry stain from your dress.
(b) She turned…………the offer to work at the factory.
(c). The burglars broke………….the house when the family was away.
(d) I shall compete …………………him.
(e) She agreed………………. my proposal.
(f) She would like to come……………..foot.
(g) The Vishwas group of companies has taken……………… the cosmetic market completely.
(h) He agreed to carry……………… the manager's orders.
Ans. a. off, b. down, c. into, d. with, e. to, f. on, g. over, h. out
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. The delegates arrived. The meeting started immediately.
(a) No sooner did the delegates arrive the meeting started.
(b) No sooner did the delegates arrive, the meeting started.
(c) No sooner the delegates arrived than the meeting started.
(d) The delegates arriving, the meeting started.
Ans. (None) No sooner did the delegates arrive than the meeting started.
Ans. (Or) Hardly had the delegates arrived when the meeting started.
Ans. (Or) Scarcely had the delegates arrived before the meeting started.
2. We lost our ticket. We lost our luggage.
(a) We lose our ticket as well as our luggage.
(b) Having lost our ticket we lost our luggage.
(c) We lost our ticket as well as our luggage.
(d) We lost our ticket and we lost our luggage.
Ans. (c) We lost our ticket as well as our luggage.
Ans. (c) We lost not only our ticket but also our luggage.
3. He cultivates orchids. He displays them at the flower show.
(a) He cultivates orchids to display at the flower show.
(b) He cultivates orchids for displayed at the flower show.
(c) He cultivates orchids to play with at the flower show.
(d) He cultivates orchids, but displays them only at the flower show.
Ans. (a) He cultivates orchids to display them at the flower show.
4. He ran away. He had seen the Principal coming.
(a) No sooner did he see the Principal coming, he ran away.
(b) He ran to see the Principal coming.
(c) By seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
(d) Seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (d) Seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (or) Having seen the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (or) On seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (or) No sooner did he see the Principal coming than he ran away.
Ans. (or) No sooner had he seen the Principal coming than he ran away.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. The captain said, "It gives me great pleasure to be here this evening."
(Begin: The captain...)
(a) The captain said that it was giving him great pleasure to be there that evening.
(b) The captain said that it gives me great pleasure to be there this evening.
(c) The captain said that it gave him great pleasure to be here this evening.
(d) The captain said that it gave him great pleasure to be there that evening.
Ans. (d) The captain said that it gave him great pleasure to be there that evening.
2. Unless the train arrives on time, we shall miss the concert. (Begin: If...)
(a) If the train arrives on time, we shall miss the concert.
(b) If the train does not arrive on time, we shall miss the concert.
(c) If the train arrived on time, we shall miss the concert.
(d) If the train does not arrive on time, we shall not miss the concert.
Ans. (b) If the train does not arrive on time, we shall miss the concert.
3. He has applied many times. He has never been selected. (Begin: In spite...)
(a) In spite of applying many times, he had never been selected.
(b) In spite applying many times, he has never been selected.
(c) In spite of applying many times, he has never been selected.
(d) In spite never being selected, he has applied many times.
Ans. (c) In spite of applying many times, he has never been selected.
4. Very few managers are as honest as James. (End: ...managers.)
(a) James is more honest than other managers.
(b) James is more honest than most other managers.
(c) James is honest than many other managers.
(d) James is most honest among other managers.
Ans. (b) James is more honest than most other managers.
5. I accept your offer. (Use: acceptable)
(a) Your offer is acceptable to me.
(b) Your offer was acceptable to me.
(c) Your offer is acceptable.
.
(d) Your acceptable offer came to me.
Ans. (a) Your offer is acceptable to me.
6. As soon as he finishes his work, he starts playing. (Begin: Hardly...)
(a) Hardly his work is finished, he starts playing.
(b) Hardly he finishes his work, he starts playing
(c) Hardly he has finished his work and he starts playing.
(d) Hardly does he finish his work, when he starts playing.
Ans. (d) Hardly does he finish his work, when he starts playing.
N.B. ‘Hardly……….when’ structure is normally used in past perfect tense.
7. My father gave me a pen. (Begin: A pen...)
a) A pen had been given to me by my father.
(b) A pen was given to me by my father.
(c) My father was gave me a pen.
(d) A pen was given by me to my father.
Ans. (b) A pen was given to me by my father.
Ans. (or) I was given a pen by my father.
8. I have never seen Mr. Joe lose his temper. (Begin: Never)
(a) Never I have seen Mr. Joe lose his temper.
(b) Never did I see Mr. Joe lose his temper.
(c) Never have I seen Mr. Joe losing his temper.
(d) Never ever did I see Mr. Joe lost his temper.
Ans. Never have I seen Mr. Joe lose his temper.
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs given in brackets.
1. Neither of the two students...............present. (was/were)
2. The manager and director............... appointed him. (has/have)
3. Many a worker............... injured in the train accident.(was/were)
4. One of the players.............. appointed as the captain of the team. (was/were)
5. Either Meera or her friends........... to be blamed. (is/are)
6. None of his books ………………read today. (is/are)
7. The quality of the shoes. ………….not good. (was/ were)
8. Ten thousand rupees................ a good sum.(is/are)
9. Neither the manager nor the workers............ present in the factory. (is/are)
10. Fifty kilometres................. a long distance to go on foot. (is/are)
11. Sunil, as well as his friends, ………… won the competition. (has/have) .
12. The size of the sheets ……………. irregular. (is/are)
13. The Midnight's Children …………. written by Salman Rushdie.( was /were)
14. The jury................... divided in their opinions. (was /were)
15. My friends as well as I............ present. (were/was)
.
Ans. 1. was, 2. has, 3. was, 4. was, 5. are, 6. are, 7. was, 8. is, 9. are, 10. is, 11. has, 12. is, 13. was, 14. were, 15. were
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage, but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) was advertised
Sir Edward Thomas was the Minister for civil works in Churchill's Cabinet. A work tender ....0.... (advertise) by his department, and one of his classmates....1.... (fill) in the tender. He assured his friend that he......... (help) him get the assignment but the job must....3.... (finish) on time. Eventually Sir Thomas called....4..... (inform) him that the work order was ready. The meeting was fixed at 1 p.m. The friend reached six minutes past one.....5.... (Look) at his watch Thomas asked his secretary to tell his friend that his tender....6.... (reject). The thoroughly....7.... (shake)friend immediately called Sir Thomas to ask what....8.... (happen). "Yes, I have said that because you are six minutes late. It is evident that you would never finish the job on time," said the Minister.
Ans. 1. filled, 2. would help, 3. must be finished, 4. to inform, 5. looking, 6. was rejected, 7. shaken, 8. had happened
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) The students didn't look up but carried..................writing..
(b) My teacher enquired …………............ my mother's health.
(c) Will you look ................ this list and tell me what you think?
(d) The new government has brought. .............. many changes.
(e) The roof gave way…………………. the weight of the snow.
(f) Courage will carry him...................difficulties.
(g) I moved myself………………… the fireplace.
h) We couldn't help laughing... his mimicry.
Ans. a. on, b. about, c. through, d. about, e. under, f. through, g. towards, h. at
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. My health was poor. I was on leave from the office.
(a) I was on leave from the office as my health was poor.
(b) I was on leave from the office, as my health was poor.
(c) My health was poor as well as I was on leave from the office.
(d) I was on leave from the office being of poor health
Ans. (None) I was on leave from the office, for my health was poor. (Compound)
Ans. (or) I was on leave from the office because my health was poor. (Complex)
Ans. (or) I was on leave from the office for my poor health. (Simple)
Ans. As/Since my health was poor, I was on leave from the office. (Complex)
Ans. My health was poor, hence/therefore I was on leave from the office. (Compound)
Ans. Owing to my poor health, I was on leave from the office. (Simple)
2. The captain was reasonable. He refused to make any compromise.
(a) The captain is not reasonable to he refused to make any compromise.
(b) The captain was unreasonable hence he refused to make any compromise.
(c) The captain refused to make any compromise as he was reasonable.
(d) The captain refused to make any compromise as he is not unreasonable.
Ans. (None) The captain refused to make any compromise, for he was reasonable. (Compound)
Ans. (or) The captain refused to make any compromise because he was reasonable. (Complex)
Ans. (or) The captain refused to make any compromise for being reasonable. (Simple)
Ans. (or) The captain was reasonable, hence/therefore he refused to make any compromise (Compound)
Ans. (or) As/Since the captain was reasonable, he refused to make any compromise. (Complex)
*Here, reasonable means being guided by one’s reason or scruple.
3. The rain had come down heavily. We got totally drenched.
(a) The rain had come down heavily to make us totally drenched.
(b) We must have been drenched as the rain had come down heavily.
(c) The rain being heavy we got totally drenched.
(d) The rain being heavy they were totally drenched.
Ans. (None) The rain had come down heavily, hence/therefore we got totally drenched. (Compound)
Ans. (None) As/Since the rain had come down heavily, we got totally drenched. (Complex)
Ans. (None) The rain having come down heavily, we got totally drenched. (Simple)
Ans. (None) We got totally drenched, for the rain had come down heavily. (Compound)
Ans. (None) We got totally drenched because the rain had come down heavily. (Complex)
4. He did not succeed in the competition. He made every effort.
(a). He did not succeed in the competition he did not made every effort.
(b) Despite making every effort, he did not succeed in the competition.
(c) He did not succeed in the competition but he made every effort.
(d) Even though he made every effort to succeed in the competition.
Ans. (b) Despite making every effort, he did not succeed in the competition. (Simple)
Ans. or, He made every effort, still/however he did not succeed in the competition. (Compound)
Ans. or, Though/ Even if he made every effort, he did not succeed in the competition. (Complex)
Ans. or, Notwithstanding that he made every effort, he did not succeed in the competition. (Complex)
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. He left Kolkata two weeks ago after completing his work. (Begin: It has been.....)
(a) It has been two weeks since he has left Kolkata after completing his work.
(b) It has been two weeks that he left Kolkata after completing his work.
(c) It has been two weeks that he left for Kolkata after completing his work.
(d) It has been two weeks ever since he left for Kolkata after completing his work.
Ans. (None) It has been two weeks since he left Kolkata after completing his work.
Ans. (None) It is two weeks since he left Kolkata after completing his work.
2. A storm will probably be there. (Begin: It is probable.....)
(a) It is probable that there will be a storm there.
(b) It is probable if a storm will be there.
(c) It is probable there will be a storm.
(d) It is probable that a storm will be there.
Ans. (c) It is probable there will be a storm.
3. Nobody else in our school is as smart as Uma. (Use: smarter)
(a) Uma is smarter than any other girl in our school.
(b) Nobody in our school is smarter to Uma.
(c) Nobody in our school was smarter than Uma.
(d) Nobody in our school is smart as Uma.
Ans. (a) Uma is smarter than any other girl in our school.
4. You can come with us for the picnic provided your father permits you. (Begin: Unless)
(a) Unless your father permits you, you can come with us for the picnic.
(b) Unless your father does not permit you, you cannot come with us for the picnic.
(c) Unless your father permits, you cannot come with us for the picnic.
(d) Unless your father is permitting you, you can come with us for the picnic.
Ans. (c) Unless your father permits, you cannot come with us for the picnic.
5. There are few people in the market today. (Begin: There are hardly.....)
(a) There were hardly any people in the market today.
(b) There are hardly any people in the market today.
(c) There are hardly any few people in the market today.
(d) There are hardly any people in the market on this day.
Ans. (b) There are hardly any people in the market today.
6. If I had a chance, I could have succeeded. (Begin: Had I……..)
(a) Had I a chance, I could have succeeded.
(b) Had I given a chance, I would have succeeded.
(c) Had I been giving a chance, I could have succeeded.
(d) Had I been given a chance, I would have succeeded.
Ans. (a) Had I a chance, I could have succeeded.
Ans. (or) Had I had a chance, I could have succeeded.
7. "Don't play on the road," the teacher said to the children. (Begin: The teacher forbade...)
(a) The teacher forbade the children to play on the road.
(b) The teacher forbade the children play on the road.
(c) The teacher forbade the children from playing on the road.
(d) The teacher forbade the children not to play on the road.
Ans. (a) The teacher forbade the children to play on the road.
8. Greed seemed to have motivated him. (Begin: He seemed to.....)
(a) He seemed to be motivated by greed.
(b) He seemed to had been motivated by greed
(c) He seemed to have motivated greed.
(d) He seemed to have been motivated by greed.
Ans. (d) He seemed to have been motivated by greed.
CHAPTER TEN 10 A. Direct and Indirect Speech
ASSIGNMENT
1. In each of the following items, sentence A is complete but sentence B is incomplete. Complete sentence B each time making it as similar as possible in meaning so that it could replace A. Make B one sentence, not two. No change of any kind may be made to the printed parts of the B sentences.
1. A. Sumit said to Anil, "I am busy, I cannot accompany you to the market."
B. Sumit told Anil………………………
Ans. Sumit told Anil that he was busy, so he could not accompany him to the market.
2. A. The Principal said to the peon, "Why didn't you give the file to the librarian yesterday?
B. The Principal asked....................................
Ans. The Principal asked the peon why he hadn't given the file to the librarian the previous
day.
3. A. Shiva said, "Alas! How stupid I have been!"
B. Shiva................................................................
Ans. Shiva regretted that he had been extremely stupid.
Ans. Shiva regretted how stupid he had been..
4. A. She said, "O that I were rich again!"
B. She wished……………………………………....
Ans. She wished to be rich again.
Ans. She wished that she had been rich again.
5. A. The lady said to the servant, "Go to the post office and bring some revenue stamps.
B. The lady ordered……………………………………….
Ans. The lady ordered the servant to go to the post office and bring some revenue stamps.
6. A. The mother said, "May God bless you with success!"
B. The mother prayed……………………………………..
Ans. The mother prayed to God that He might bless him with success.
Ans. The mother prayed that God might bless him with success.
7. A. My uncle said to my brother, "I have bought a cell phone for you."
B. My uncle told…………………………………………
Ans. My uncle told my brother that he had bought a cell phone for him.
8. A. Mala said to Mini, "When will your brother come from Canada.?"
B. Mala asked……………………………………………..
Ans. Mala asked Mini when her brother would come from Canada.
9. A. He said to me, "Will you lend me some money?"
B. He asked………………………………………………...
Ans. He asked me whether I would lend him some money.
10. A. My mother said, "Do not order junk food."
B. My mother............................................................
Ans. My mother asked not to order junk food.
Ans. My mother forbade to order junk food.
II. Rewrite the following according to the instruction given after each sentence. Change
only what you are asked and make a correct sentence. Do not alter the meaning. You have to make your sentence say the same thing in a different way.
1. "It is raining heavily, take your umbrella," said the mother to her son.
Begin: The mother told.
Ans. The mother asked her son to take his umbrella because it was raining heavily.
2. The Principal told the students that they should salute the flag smartly.
End:"………………………………." the Principal said to the students.
Ans. "You should salute the flag smartly," the Principal said to the students.
3. He said, "Alas! Our foes are too strong."
Begin: He exclaimed…………………………………………………..
Ans. He exclaimed with despair that their foes were too strong.
4. "Bring me a glass of water," said the Swami to the villagers.
Begin: The Swami asked…………………………………………
Ans. The Swami asked the villager to bring him a glass of water.
5. He said to his friend, "I have passed the examination."
Begin: He informed………………………………………...
Ans. He informed his friend that he had passed the examination.
6. The teacher advised the students not to come late.
Begin: The teacher said to the students,
Ans. The teacher said to the students, "Do not come late."
7. The father said to his son, "Do not submit the project without showing it to me.”
End……………………………………… a showing it to him.
Ans. The father advised his son not to submit the project without showing that to him.
8. The old woman said to the man, "Can you tell me the way to the nearest temple?"
Begin: The old woman asked………………………………………
Ans. The old woman asked the man if he could tell her the way to the temple.
9. "Help me to carry this heavy suitcase," said Mrs Madan to me.
End:.............................................................................heavy suitcase.
Ans. Mrs Madan asked me to help her to carry that heavy suitcase.
10. He said, "Children be quiet and listen to me."
End:…………………………………………………. listen to him.
Ans. He asked the children to be quiet and listen to him.
11. The shopkeeper said to me, "Sir, can I help you now?"
Begin: The shopkeeper asked me.......……………………
Ans. The shopkeeper asked me if he could help me.
12. The teacher said to the boy, "This is not the first time you have received your friend."
End: ...................................................................... received his friend.
Ans. The teacher told the boy that was not the first time he had received his friend.
13. Mother said to me, "Wait here till I come back."
Begin: Mother requested me............................
Ans. Mother requested me to wait there till she came back.
14. The teacher said to the children, "Let us go out for a picnic."
Begin: The teacher suggested…………………………………
Ans. The teacher suggested to the children that they should go out for a picnic.
15. The policeman said to me, "You have crossed the red light and I will book you for this." Begin: The policeman told me………………………………………..
Ans. The policeman told me that I had crossed the red light and he would book me for that.
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) launched
Chandi Prasad Bhatt....0.... (launch) a public campaign, …1……(know) as the "Chipko Movement, to protect the trees against the axe. In this movement, village women …2…….(play) an active role. They took up their positions with each……3…… (hug) a tree by enveloping the trunk in their arms. This....4... (do) to warn the contractors that if they wanted …5….. (cut) down a tree, they would have to attack the protestors first. Bhatt himself...6...(surprise) at the success of the movement and at the protectors' positive participation to prevent the felling of trees. This unusual movement was successful, for it....7........ (base) on the principle of non-violence and....8.... (focus) on the sentimental feelings of the local inhabitants who treated trees as their family members.
1.known, 2. played, 3. hugging, 4. was done, 5. to cut, 6. was surprised, 7. was based, 8. focused
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) The general commanded his men to carry…………his orders.
(b) What made her to fall...............……….evil days?
(c) My aunt is very ill, but she will pull……………….
(d) She has no excuse………….. not coming to the function.
(e) He had always hankered ……………. riches.
(f) The children are too young to sit............................a long movie.
(g) The culprit is still…………………large.
(h) I shall deal.........................him at the appropriate time.
Ans. a. out, b. on, c. through, d. for, e. after, f. through, g. at, h. with
(ii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
(1) I went to Pune. I wished to see my aunt there.
(a) I wish to see my aunt therefore I went to Pune.
(b) I went to Pune as I wished I could see my aunt.
(c) I wished to see my aunt hence I went to Pune.
(d) I went to Pune to see my aunt.
Ans. (d) I went to Pune to see my aunt. (Simple)
Ans. (or) I went to Pune, else I could not see my aunt. (Compound)
Ans. (or) I went to Pune that/so that I could see my aunt. (Complex)
2. He may be truthful. I do not know.
(a) I do not know that he may be a liar.
(b) I do not know if he is truthful.
(c) I do not know if he can be truthful.
(d) I do not know whether he is truthful or not.
Ans. (d) I do not know whether he is truthful or not.
3. My brother lost his Admit Card. I found it on the pavement.
(a) I found lost Admit Card of my brother's on the pavement.
(b) I found my brother's Admit Card lost on the pavement.
(c) I found my brother's lost Admit Card on the pavement.
(d) My brother lost his Admit Card when I found it on the pavement.
Ans. (c) I found my brother's lost Admit Card on the pavement. (Simple)
Ans. (or) My brother lost his Admit Card which I found on the pavement. (Complex)
4. I must have eaten something rotten. My stomach is upset.
(a) I ate something rotten to upset my stomach.
(b) My stomach is upset as I must have eaten something rotten.
(c) Something rotten was eaten by me due to which my stomach was upset.
(d) I must have eaten something rotten for my stomach is upset.
Ans. (d) I must have eaten something rotten, for my stomach is upset. (Compound)
Ans. (or) I must have eaten something rotten because my stomach is upset. (Complex)
Ans. (or) Since/As my stomach is upset, I must have eaten something rotten. (Complex)
Ans. (or) My stomach is upset, therefore I must have eaten something rotten. (Compound)
Ans. (or) Due to my eating something rotten, my stomach is upset. (Compound)
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. The firemen extinguished the fire. (Use: put)
(a) The firemen put off the fire.
(b) The firemen put the fire off.
(c) The firemen put out the fire.
(d) The fire was put off by the firemen.
Ans. (c) The firemen put out the fire.
2. His speech was received well by the audience. (Use: went down)
(a) His speech went down well by the audience.
(b) His speech went down well to the audience.
(c) His speech went down well for the audience.
(d) His speech went down well with the audience.
Ans. (d) His speech went down well with the audience.
3. Although we searched the area, we could not find the key. (Begin: In spite of ......)
(a) In spite of searching the area, we would not find the key.
(b) In spite of searched the area, we could not find the key.
(c) In spite of searching the area, we could not find the key.
(d) In spite of searching, we could not find the key.
Ans. (c) In spite of searching the area, we could not find the key. (Simple)
Ans. or, We searched the area, still/however we could not find the key. (Compound)
4. "This is how you make a pot," the potter said to us. (Begin: The potter explained.....)
(a) The potter explained to us how to make a pot.
(b) The potter explained us how to make a pot.
(c) The potter explained to us that how to make a pot.
(d) The potter explained to us that this is how you make a pot.
Ans. (a) The potter explained to us how to make a pot.
5. This exercise is less difficult than that. (Use: easier)
(a) This exercise is easier than that.
(b) This exercise is not easier than that.
(c) This exercise is more easier than that.
(d) This exercise is most easier of all.
Ans. (a) This exercise is easier than that.
6. More mobile phones were sold this year than last year. (Begin: The number ....)
(a) The number of mobile phones sold this year are more than last year.
(b) The number of mobile phones sold this year is much more than last year.
(c) The number of mobile phones sold this year is more than that of last year.
(d) The number of mobile phones sold this year is more than to last year.
Ans. (c) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is more than that of last year. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. (Simplified) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is more than the number of mobile phones sold last year. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. (or) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is not so many as that of last year.
(Positive Degree)
Ans. (Simplified) The number of mobile phones, sold this year, is not so many as the number of mobile phones sold last year.
(Positive Degree)
7. He is not only a good debater, but also an excellent politician. (Begin: Besides being……)
(a) Besides being a good debater, he is also an excellent politician.
(b) Besides being an excellent politician, he is only a good debater.
(c) Besides being a good debater, he is an excellent politician.
(d) Besides being only a good debater, he is also an excellent politician.
Ans. (c) Besides being a good debater, he is an excellent politician. (Simple)
Ans. (or) Apart from being a good debater, he is an excellent politician. (Simple)
Ans. (or) He is both a good debater and an excellent politician. (Simple)
Ans. (or) He is a good debater as well as an excellent politician. (Simple)
8. Few people read classics these days. (Begin: Hardly...)
(a) Hardly few people read classics these days.
(b) Hardly anybody reads classics these days.
(c) Hardly anybody is reading classics these days.
(d) Hardly anybody read classics these days.
Ans. (b) Hardly anybody reads classics these days.
CHAPTER: 11 A. Articles
Assignment
Insert 'a', 'an' or 'the' as necessary in the given blanks:
1. He is not................... honourable man.
2. Could you pass me................ salt, please?
3. I have...................hour and half for lunch.
4. Kalidasa is …………… Shakespeare of India..
5. She had …………amazing experience last night.
6. Do you go to.......................... prison to visit him.
7. Oil is vital to …………… economy of many countries.
8...................... honest man is................. noblest work of God.
9. ………… rich are getting richer and …...........poor are getting poorer.
10. ..........................dead no longer need help.
11. Who is at............door? It is.................postman.
12. I don't know how much... ..............MP (Member of Parliament) earns.
13. Everest is..............highest mountain peak in.............. world.
14. Arun thinks that this is quite............... cheap hotel.
15. Not many people read poetry, but quite............... few read novels.
Ans. 1. an, 2. the, 3. an, a, 4. the, 5. an, 6. the, 7. the, 8. an, the, 9. the, the, 10. the, 11. The, the, 12. An, 13. The, 14. A, 15. a
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in the correct serial order, the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) had invented
Till 1879, Proctor and Gamble were dealing in candles. But the company was in trouble.
Thomas Edison.....0....... (invent) the light bulb, and it looked as if candles.....1..... (become)
obsolete. Their fears ...2....... (become) a reality when the market for candles plummeted
since they were then sold only for special occasions.
However, at this time, it seemed that destiny.....3....... (play) a dramatic role in.....4........ (pull) the struggling company out from the clutches of bankruptcy. A forgetful employee at a small factory forgot to turn off his machine when he went out for lunch. When he.....5......... (go) back, there was a frothing mass of lather filled with air bubbles. He almost…....6...... (throw) the stuff away, but then he decided to make it into soap. The soap.....7......(float) on water. Thus, Ivory Floating Soap.....8..... (born) and became the mainstay of the Proctor and Gamble Company.
1. would become, 2. became, 3. played, 4. pulling, 5. went, 6. had thrown, 7. floated, 8. was born
(ii) Answer the following questions briefly in your own words.
(a) The teacher refused to comply ………………my request
(b) The court put the suspect ………………a severe examination.
(c) The horse jumped ................................. the compound wall.
(d) He has got enlisted............................... the army.
(e) What does SOS stand ................. ?
(f) Her age is beginning to tell............................ her.
(g) The administration has been taken.................. by the mayor.
(h) She is always harping. ................... her bad luck.
Ans. a. with, b. under, c. over, d. in, e. for, f. upon, g. over, h. on
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. I met the student. He organised the function.
(a) I met the student who organised the function.
(b) I met the student as he organised the function.
(c) Since the student organised the function, I met him.
(d) The student organised the function when I met him.
Ans. (a) I met the student who organised the function.
Ans. or, The student, whom I met, organised the function.
2. We must educate them. We must make them independent.
(a) While educating them we must made them in dependent.
(b) We must educate them then make them in dependent.
(c) We should educate them as well as make them independent.
(d) We shall educate them as well as make them independent.
Ans. (None) We must educate them as well as make them independent.
Ans. (or) We must not only educate them but also make them independent.
Ans. (or) We must both educate them and make them independent.
3. This is the small town. My son was born here.
(a) This is the small town where my son was born in.
(b) This was the small town in which my son was born.
(c) This is the small town where my son was born.
(d) This is the small town where my son is born.
Ans. (c) This is the small town where my son was born.
4. The road was very bumpy. We had to pass through it.
(a) Although the road was very bumpy we had to pass through it.
(b) In spite of the road was very bumpy we had to pass through it.
(c) The road was bumpy yet we were to pass through it.
(d) The road was very bumpy, however, we will have to pass through it.
Ans. a. Although the road was very bumpy, we had to pass through it. (Complex)
Ans. or. Even though the road was very bumpy, we had to pass through it. (Complex)
Ans. or. Notwithstanding that the road was very bumpy, we had to pass through it. (Complex)
Ans. or. The road was very bumpy, still/ nonetheless we had to pass through it. (Compound)
Ans. or. We had to pass through a very bumpy road. (Simple)
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. The team consisted of eleven players. (Use: comprised)
(a) The team comprised of eleven players.
(b) The team comprised with eleven players.
(c) The team comprised eleven players.
(d) Eleven players comprised in a team.
Ans. (c) The team comprised eleven players.
2. I cannot bear it any longer. (Begin: How...)
(a) How can I bear it for long?
(b) How long can I bear it!
(c) How long can I bear it for?
(d) How can I bear it any longer?
Ans. (d) How can I bear it any longer?
3. John's sister is as economical as John (Use: more economical....)
(a) John's sister is more economical than John.
(b) John's sister is not more economical than John.
(c) John's sister was not more economical than John.
(d) John's sister is not more economical to John.
Ans. (None) John is not more economical than his sister.
4. I said to my sister, "Let us go to the market tomorrow for shopping."
(Begin: I suggested to my sister…………)
(a) I suggested to my sister let us go to the market tomorrow for shopping.
(b) I suggested to my sister to go to the market tomorrow for shopping.
(c) I suggested my sister that we will go to the market tomorrow for shopping
(d) I suggested to my sister to go for shopping the next day.
Ans. (None) I suggested to my sister to go to the market for shopping the next day.
5. Give him some more time and he will complete the project by tomorrow.
(Begin: If………………………………………..)
(a) If he is able to complete the project, give him more time.
(b) If he is given some more time, he will complete the project by tomorrow.
(c) If he can have more time, he will be able to complete the project by tomorrow.
(d) If he had more time, he would complete the project tomorrow.
Ans. (b) If he is given some more time, he will complete the project by tomorrow.
Ans. (or) If you give him some more time, he will complete the project by tomorrow.
6. It is a pity that I did not come yesterday. (Begin: I wish..................)
(a) I wish I had come yesterday.
(b) I wish I did not come yesterday.
(c) I wish I did come yesterday.
(d) I wish I came yesterday.
Ans. (d) I wish I came yesterday.
7. The children saw a movie, as well as had dinner at the club. (Begin: Not only .....)
(a) Not only did the children saw a movie, but they also had dinner at the club.
(b) Not only did the children saw a movie, but also have dinner in the club.
(c) Not only did the children see a movie, but they also had dinner at the club.
(d) Not only did the children see a movie, but also had dinner at the club.
Ans. (c) Not only did the children see a movie, but they also had dinner at the club.
8. It was too long a talk to hold the interest of the listeners. (Begin: It was such.....)
(a) It was such a long talk that it did not hold the interest of the listeners.
(b) It was such a long talk that it would not hold the interest of the listeners.
(c) It was such a long talk that it did not held the interest of the listeners.
(d) It was such a long talk that it held the interest of the listeners.
Ans. (a) It was such a long talk that it did not hold the interest of the listeners.
CHAPTER: 12 A. Adjectives
ASSIGNMENT
(A) Put a tick mark against the correct words given in brackets:
1. Did you hear the (latest, last) news?
2. He is not fond of ( this, these) kind of sweets.
3. My friend lives in the (nearest, next) town.
4. Who is (more, most) beautiful, Anne or Rita?
5. The Principal accepted the (latter, later) proposal.
6. Of the two brothers, Rakesh is the (elder, eldest).
7. Sarita came (later, latter) than I expected.
8. Can you do this without (further, farther) delay?
9. Maya is my (older, elder) sister.
10. She is inferior (than, to) her in social position.
Ans. 1. latest, 2. this, 3. nearest, 4, more beautiful, 5. latter, 6. elder, 7. later, 8. further, 9. elder, 10. to
(B) Arrange the adjectives in the correct order before the noun, changing ‘a’ and ‘an’ where necessary:
1. a coat (leather, black, dirty)
Ans. a dirty, black, leather coat
2. a shirt (Indian, cotton, green)
Ans. a green, Indian, cotton shirt
3. a car (black, small, Japanese)
Ans. a small, black, Japanese car
4. a carpet(beautiful, multi-coloured, oval)
Ans. a beautiful, oval, multi-coloured carpet
5. a table (teak, kitchen, handmade, brown)
Ans. a teak, brown, handmade, kitchen table
6. a necklace (old, gold, expensive, artistic)
Ans. an artistic, old, expensive gold necklace
7. a horse(brown, thin, countryside)
Ans. a thin, brown, countryside horse
8. a narrow, dark, dirty room
Ans. a narrow, dark, dirty room
9. a sweet buttery, straw-coloured, square, almond flavoured
Ans. square, straw-coloured, buttery, almond flavoured sweets
10. a boy (brave, tall, ambitious)
Ans. a tall, brave, ambitious boy
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) asked,
Three labourers were breaking stones. When ...0... (ask) by a passerby why they ……1….. (break) stones, the first labourer....2... (answer) "I am doing this because I didn't get another job.
The second labourer said, "I am doing this.....3... (feed) my children well." While the third labourer said, "A beautiful castle ...4.......... (build) with these stones that I am breaking!”
It was not....5.... (surprise) then that the third labourer was doing a better and faster job. You don't have to do this, it ........ (happen) automatically. In the language of economics this would mean more productivity, lesser time. The question is not what you....7........ (do) but whether you are doing it with all your heart. Plenty would depend on this in terms of …8……… (save) time.
1. were breaking, 2. answered, 3. to feed, 4. Is to be built, 5. Surprising, 6. Happens, 7. are doing, 8. saving
(a) We managed to cope ………….. all of these difficulties.
(b) She quarrelled with her sister ................... a trifle.
(c) They bowed …………………. the shrine.
(d) They discussed the issue. ........... a cup of tea.
(e) Fire fighters had to break …………the door to reach the people trapped inside the house.
(f) The river is flowing. ........................ the bridge.
(g) He is intent…………….breaking the world record.
(h) A committee has been set ………….. to examine the questions.
Ans. a. With, b. over, c. in, d. over, e. open, f. under, g. on, h. up
III. Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. Rahul gave them advice. He helped them with money.
(a) Rahul gave them advice yet he helped them with money.
(b) Rahul gave them advice to help them with money.
(c) Besides giving them advice Rahul also helped them with money.
(d) Rahul gave them both his advice as well as money.
Ans. Besides giving them advice, Rahul also helped them with money.
2. The project must be completed. It does not matter what it costs.
(a) It does not matter what it costs, the project was completed.
(b) The project must be completed because cost does not matter.
(c) The project must be completed at any cost.
(d) It does not matter what it costs for the project to be completed.
Ans. (c) The project must be completed at any cost.
3. I met him at the office. I was very lucky.
(a) I was very lucky to have to meet him at the office.
(b) I was very lucky to have met him at his office.
(c) I met him at the office as I was very lucky.
(d) I was lucky enough to meet him at the office.
Ans. (d) I was lucky enough to meet him at the office.
4. I will tell you a secret. You must not divulge it.
(a) I will tell you a secret which you must not divulge it.
(b) I will tell you a secret however you must not divulge it.
(c) I will tell you a secret which you must not divulge.
(d) You must not divulge the secret I tell you.
Ans. (c) I will tell you a secret which you must not divulge.
Ans. (or) You must not divulge the secret that I will tell you.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. As soon as the Principal arrived, the function began.
(Begin: No sooner.....)
(a) No sooner did the Principal arrive, the function began.
(b) No sooner had the Principal arrived, the function began.
(c) No sooner had the Principal arrive, the function began.
(d) No sooner had the Principal arrived, the function begin.
Ans. (None) No sooner did the Principal arrive, than the function began.
2. The students will have completed the work before Sunday.
(Begin: The work.......................)
(a) The work will have been completed by the students before Sunday.
(b) The work shall have been completed by the students before Sunday.
(c) The work would have been completed by the students before Sunday.
(d) The work would have been complete before Sunday by the students.
Ans. (b) The work will have been completed by the students before Sunday.
3. If he had not helped me, I would have been ruined. (Begin: But..............)
(a) But for his help, I would not have been ruined.
(b) But if he had not helped me, I would not have been ruined.
(c) But for his help, I would have been ruined.
(d) But for his help, I would have ruined.
Ans. (c) But for his help, I would have been ruined.
4. They had to spend a night in a hotel because the train was late. (Begin: If .....)
(a) If the train is late they will spend a night in a hotel.
(b) If the train was late they had to spend a night in a hotel.
(c) If the train had not been late they would not have to spend the night in a hotel.
(d) If the train would not be late they would not spend the night in a hotel.
Ans. (c) If the train had not been late; they would not have to spend the night in a hotel.
5. Being poor, he cannot afford such an expensive treatment. (Use: as)
(a) As he is poor, he cannot afford such an expensive treatment.
(b) Poor as he is, he cannot afford to have an expensive treatment.
(c) As he was poor, he could not afford the expensive treatment.
(d) Being as poor as he is, he would not afford such an expensive treatment.
Ans. (a) As he is poor, he cannot afford such an expensive treatment.
6. "Would that I could swim like a fish!" said Harry. (Begin: Harry wished.....)
(a) Harry wished I could swim like a fish.
(b) Harry wished I would swim like a fish.
(c) Harry wished he could swim like a fish.
(d) Harry wished "Would that I could swim like a fish!"
Ans. (c) Harry wished he could swim like a fish.
7. The students’ poor performance infuriated the teacher.
(Begin: The teacher……………………………..)
(a) The teacher was infuriated for the poor performance by the students.
(b) The teacher was infuriated of the poor performance of the students.
(c) The teacher was infuriated with the poor performance of the students.
(d) The teacher was infuriated at the poor performance of the students.
Ans. (d) The teacher was infuriated at the poor performance of the students.
8. Unless you despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(Begin: If ………………………………………..)
(a) If you did not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(b) If you had not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(c) If you do not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
(d) If you had despatched your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
Ans. (c) If you do not despatch your letter soon, it will not reach Delhi on time.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN A. Comparison of Adjectives
ASSIGNMENT
Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Change only what you are asked to do and make a correct sentence. You have to make your sentence say the same thing in a different way.
1. Very few towns are as large as Kolkata
(Begin: Kolkata is...................................)
Ans. Kolkata is larger than most other towns. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. Kolkata is one of the largest towns. (Superlative Degree)
2. December is the coldest month in Delhi.
(Begin: No other month............................)
Ans. No other month is as cold as December in Delhi. (Positive Degree)
Ans. or, December is the colder than any other month in Delhi. (Comparative Degree)
3. I get up earlier than she does.( End...as I do)
Ans. She does not get up so early as I do. (Positive Degree)
4. Swati is one of the swiftest runners in school.
(Begin: Very few runners in school…………....)
Ans. Very few runners in school are so swift as Swati. (Positive Degree)
Ans. Swati is swifter than most other runners in school. (Comparative Degree)
5. No other substance is as hard as diamond. (Use: hardest)
Ans. Diamond is the hardest substance. (Superlative Degree)
Ans. Diamond is harder than any other substance. (Comparative Degree)
6. Gandhiji was more popular than any other contemporary leader.
(Use: ‘most popular’ instead of ‘more popular’)
Ans. Gandhiji was the most popular contemporary leader. (Superlative Degree)
Ans. or, No other contemporary leader was so popular as Gandhiji. (Positive Degree)
7. A living ass is better than a dead horse. (Use: ‘good’ instead of ‘better’)
Ans. A dead horse is not so good as a living ass. (Positive Degree)
8. Lead is heavier than any other metal. (Use: ‘heavy’ instead of ‘heavier’)
Ans. No other metal is as heavy as lead. (Positive Degree)
Ans. or, Lead is the heaviest metal. (Superlative Degree)
9. Aruna is less strong than Jaya (Use: stronger than)
Ans. Jaya is stronger than Aruna. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. Aruna is not as strong as Jaya. (Positive Degree)
10. She is as fresh as a flower. (Begin: a flower)
Ans. A flower is not fresher than she. (Comparative Degree)
11. Everest is the highest peak. (Begin: There is………….)
Ans. There is no other peak as high as Everest. (Positive Degree)
12. He is not the best boy in the class. (Begin: He is not better than…….)
Ans. He is not better than the other boys in the class. (Comparative Degree)
13. Kalidasa is the greatest of Indian poets. (Use: ‘greater’ instead of greatest)
Ans. Kalidasa is greater than all other Indian poets. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. or, No other Indian poets are so great as Kalidasa is. (Positive Degree)
14. A rainbow is one of the most beautiful sights. (Begin: Very few sights……...)
Ans. Very few sights are as beautiful as a rainbow. (Positive Degree)
Ans. or, A rainbow is more beautiful than most other sights. (Comparative Degree)
15. This town is not so clean as that town. (Use: ‘cleaner’)
Ans. That town is cleaner than this town. (Comparative Degree)
Question 5
Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) decided
Once there was a swallow who ……0…… (decide) not to fly south for the winter. However,
when the weather …1…..(turn) cold, he reluctantly started ……2… (fly) southwards. In a short time ice began to forms on its wings and it fell to earth frozen still.
A cow passed by and …3….. (drop) its dung on the little swallow. The dung warmed it and defrosted its wings. Warm and happy, able …4…….(breathe), it started to chirp. Just then a large cat came by and ……5….. (hear) the chirping, found out where it was coming from, clawed away the dung and …6……. (swallow) the swallow.
The story shows that everyone who …7……(drop) dung on you is not necessarily your enemy; everyone who gets you out of the dung is not necessarily your friend; and if you are warm and happy in a pile of dung……8….. (keep) your mouth shut.
Ans. 1. turned , 2. to fly , 3. dropped , 4. to breathe, 5. heard, 6. swallowed, 7. drops, 8. keep
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) The officers proceeded............. the tax evaders.
(b) I came................... an article about my school in a magazine.
(c) I want to impress................... you the need for hard work.
(d) The police broke …………….the demonstration. .
(e) He has travelled all ………………..Europe.
(f) She take................. her father in her external appearance.
.
(g) I dispensed................ the services of my maid.
(h) I now call.......... the Chief Guest to speak.
Ans. a. against, b. across, c. upon, d. up, e. over, f. after, g. with h. upon
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but or so. Choose the correct option.
1. Einstein was a great scientist. He discovered the theory of relativity.
(a) Einstein was a great scientist when he discovered the theory of relativity.
(b) Einstein was a great scientist who discovered the theory of relativity.
(c) Einstein discovered the theory of relativity hence he was a great scientist.
(d) Einstein was a great scientist because he discovered the theory of relativity.
Ans. (b) Einstein was a great scientist who discovered the theory of relativity.
2. His illness was serious. He stayed in bed for one month.
(a) He stayed in bed for one month with serious illness.
(b) He stayed in bed for one month for his serious illness.
(c) When his illness was serious, he stayed in bed for one month.
(d) Since his illness was serious, he stayed in bed for one month.
Ans. (d) Since his illness was serious, he stayed in bed for one month. (Complex)
Ans. (b) He stayed in bed for one month for his serious illness. (Simple)
Ans. (or) He stayed in bed for one month, for he was seriously illness. (Compound)
3. The rains failed this year. The harvest was poor.
(a) The harvest will be poor as the rains will fail this year.
(b) Due to the failed rains this year the harvest was poor.
(c) The harvest was poor as the rain was poor.
(d) The harvest was poor as the rains fail this year.
Ans. (b) Due to the failed rains this year the harvest was poor. (Simple)
Ans. (or) Since the rains failed this year, the harvest was poor. (Complex)
Ans. (or) The rains failed this year, therefore the harvest was poor. (Compound)
Ans. (or) The harvest was poor, for the rains failed this year. (Compound)
Ans. (or) The harvest was poor because the rains failed this year. (Complex)
4. He did not come to school. He did not inform anyone.
(a) He neither came to school nor informed anyone.
(b) Neither did he came to school nor did he informed anyone.
(c) As he did not come to school, he did not inform anyone.
(d) He did not inform anyone so he did not come to school.
Ans. (a) He neither came to school nor informed anyone.
Ans. (or) Neither did he come to school nor did he inform anyone.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. It is a pity that I did not take my doctor's advice. (Use: wish)
(a) I wish I would have taken my doctor's advice
(b) I wish I had taken my doctor's advice.
(c) I wish I could have taken my doctor's advice.
(d) I wish I have taken my doctor's advice.
Ans. (b) I wish I had taken my doctor's advice.
2. He decided to walk instead of taking the bus. (Use: Rather than.....)
(a) He decided to walk rather than take the bus.
(b) He decided to walk rather than taking the bus.
(c) Rather than taking the bus he decided to walk.
(d) Instead of taking the bus he decided to rather walk.
Ans. (a) He decided to walk rather than take the bus. (Complex) (Rather than is a subordinate conjunction.)
Ans. (a) He decided to walk rather than taking the bus. . (Simple) (Rather than is a Preposition.)
3. The price of vegetables has risen recently. (End: ……….vegetables)
(a) Recently there has been a rise in the prices of vegetables.
(b) Recently there is a rise in the prices of vegetables.
(c) Recently there has been price rise of vegetables.
(d) Recently there was a rise in the prices of vegetables.
Ans. (a) Recently, there has been a rise in the prices of vegetables.
4. He never takes up the work which he cannot finish. (Begin: He always……..)
(a) He always takes up the work which he can finish.
(b) He always takes up the work which he cannot finish.
(c) He always takes up the work which he could finish.
(d) He always takes up the work which he would finish.
Ans. (a) He always takes up the work which he can finish.
5. Jimmy was the strongest of all men. (Use: stronger)
(a) Other men are stronger than Jimmy.
(b) Other men can be stronger than Jimmy.
(c) Jimmy was stronger than all other men.
(d) Jimmy was stronger than other such men.
Ans. (c) Jimmy was stronger than all other men. (Comparative Degree)
Ans. (or) No other men were so strong as Jimmy. (Positive Degree)
6. "Do you have any hotel in the city?" my uncle asked me. (Begin: My uncle……….)
(a) My uncle asked me if I have any hotel in the city.
(b) My uncle was asking me if I have any hotel in the city.
(c) My uncle asked me if I had any hotel in the city.
(d) My uncle asked me do you have any hotel in the city.
Ans. (c) My uncle asked me if I had any hotel in the city.
7. He was accused of telling lies. (Begin: People)
(a) People were accusing him of telling lies.
(b) People accused him of telling lies.
(c) People accuse him of telling lies.
(d) People accused him of lying.
Ans. (b) People accused him of telling lies.
8. If you go for an interview, you may be selected for the post. (Begin: Unless…...)
(a) Unless you go for the interview, you will not be selected for the post.
(b) Unless you don't go for the interview, you will not be selected for the post.
(c) Unless you go for the interview, you will be selected for the post.
(d) Unless you don't go for the interview, you will be selected for the post.
Ans. (a) Unless you go for the interview, you will not be selected for the post.
CHAPTER: 14 A. Adverbs
ASSIGNMENT
Place the adverb (given in brackets) in a suitable position in the sentence without emphasizing it.
1. He has already become fluent in French.
2. She still does not play cricket.
3. Has her brother always been a teacher?
4. I was hardly able to hear what she said.
5. We sometimes deceive ourselves.
6. I have seen the report today.
7. He generally does good work.
8. I know them quite well.
9. They were able to hear what she said clearly.
10. Has he merely glanced through the newspaper?
11. He won't ever give us our share.
12. He did fairly well in the interview.
13. He does not often refer to a dictionary.
14. Do you usually make many mistakes?
15. The teacher has marked these papers properly.
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) worked
Years ago, the Clark family in Scotland had a dream. Clark and his wife....0........ (work) and saved, making plans for their children and themselves....1........ (travel) to the United States. It …...2…... (take) years, but they had finally saved enough money and had got passports and reservations for the family on a new ship to the United States.
The family was filled with excitement at the thought of going to the US. However, seven days before their departure, the youngest son…...3...... (bit) by a dog. The doctor…....4….... (hang) a yellow sheet on the Clark's front door to warn people of the possibility of rabies. The Clarks …...5…... (quarantine) for fourteen days.
The family's dreams. ………… (shatter). They could not make the trip to America as they…...7…... (plan). The father shed tears of disappointment and cursed both his son and the dog for their misfortune.
Five days later, the tragic news spread throughout Scotland - the mighty Titanic in which the Clarks were to travel……8…… (sink), taking hundreds of lives with it.
Ans. 1. to travel, 2. took, 3. was bitten, 4. hung, 5. were quarantined, 6. were shattered, 7. had planned, 8. had sunk
.
(ii) Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.
(a) He no longer counts her ……………….. his friend.
(b) His horse was walking.................... behind its master.
(c) His beliefs do not coincide…………… those of his wife.
(d) The death of the chief cast a gloom................... the village.
(e) The award winning novel has been translated................many languages.
(f) By evening he had got..…………. his excitement.
(g) His conduct has always been ……………….. suspicion.
(h) His irresponsible actions will be held …………………. him.
Ans. a. as/to be, b. along, c. with, d. over, e. into, f. over, g. above, h. against
III. Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using and, but Choose the correct option.
1. Rita met her teacher on the road. She stopped to talk to her.
(a) Rita stopped to talk to her teacher that she met on the road.
(b) Rita stopped to talk to her teacher whom she met on the mad.
(c) When Rita met her teacher on the road, she stopped to talk to her.
(d) Rita shopped to talk her teacher when she met her on the road.
Ans. (c) When Rita met her teacher on the road, she stopped to talk to her.
2. She gave up her job. Her purpose was to look after her children.
(a) She gave up her job as she wants to look after her children.
(b) She gave up her job for looking after her children.
(c) She gave up her job to look after her children.
(4) She gave up her job looking after her children.
Ans. She gave up her job to look after her children.
3. He is the most efficient worker. No other worker can be compared to him.
(a) Other workers cannot be compared to him as he is the most efficient worker.
(b) Since he is the most efficient worker, none of the other workers are compared to him.
(c) He is the most efficient worker without any comparison.
(d) He is the most efficient worker to be compared to him.
Ans. (c) He is the most efficient worker without any comparison.
4. Hina has been in the hospital. She has been so since last week.
(a) Hina was in the hospital for last week.
(b) Hina has been in the hospital since last week.
(c) Hina had been in the hospital since one week.
(d) Hina had been in the hospital from a week.
Ans. (b) Hina has been in the hospital since last week.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence.
Choose the correct options.
1. We could not finish our plantation drive as it began to rain. (Use prevented)
(a) The rains prevented the completion of our plantation drive.
(b) The rains prevented the finishing of our plantation drive.
(c) The rains prevented us from finishing our plantation drive
(d) We could not finish our plantation drive as the rains prevented us.
Ans. (c) The rains prevented us from finishing our plantation drive.
2. Because of his busy schedule, he could not attend the meeting.
(Begin His busy schedule............................)
(a) His busy schedule could not let him attend the meeting
(b) His busy schedule did not let him attend the meeting.
(c) His busy schedule prevented him from attending the meeting
(d) His busy schedule prevented him to attend the meeting.
Ans. His busy schedule prevented him from attending the meeting.
3. The result surprised everybody in the country.
(Begin: The result took……….)
(a) The result took everybody in the country to a surprise.
(b) The result took everybody in the country with a surprise.
(c) The result took everybody of the country to a surprise.
(d) The result took everybody by a surprise.
Ans. (d) The result took everybody by a surprise.
4. Besides keeping a watch on his movements, the police tapped his phones.
(Begin: The police not only………………..)
(a) The police not only kept a watch on his movements, but also tapped his phones.
(b) The police not only watched his movements, but also tapped his phones.
(c) The police not only tapped his phones and watched his movements.
(d) The police not only watched his moves to also hear all that he did.
Ans. (a) The police not only kept a watch on his movements, but also tapped his phones.
5. She was left with a big fortune by her uncle (Use: inherit)
(a) She had inherited a big fortune from her uncle.
(b) She inherited a big fortune from her uncle.
(c) She had a big fortune to inherit from her uncle.
(d) She was left a big fortune as inheritance by her uncle.
Ans. (b) She inherited a big fortune from her uncle.
6. She regretted her inability to join us for the party
(Begin: She told us, “………….”)
(a) She told us, "I am unable to come for the party.”
(b) She told us regretfully that she would not be able to attend the party.
(c) She told us. "Regretfully I would not attend the party."
(d) She told us, "Sorry, I may not be able to attend the party.”
Ans. (None) She told us, "Sorry, I am unable to join you for the party."
7. Dimple eats only fruits and vegetables. (Begin: Dimple lives)
(a) Dimple lives to eat only fruits and vegetables.
(b) Dimple lives with only fruits and vegetables.
(c) Dimple lives only on fruits and vegetables.
(d) Dimple lives by only fruits and vegetables.
Ans. (c) Dimple lives only on fruits and vegetables.
8. No sooner did he go to bed than he fell asleep. (Begin: As soon as……….)
(a) As soon as he go to bed, he fell asleep.
(b) As soon as he went to bed, he fall asleep.
(c) As soon as he go to bed, he was falling asleep.
(d) As soon as he went to bed, he fell asleep.
Ans. (d) As soon as he went to bed, he fell asleep.
APPENDIX: 1
Question 5
(i) Fill in each of the numbered blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Do not copy the passage but write in correct serial order the word or phrase appropriate to the blank space.
Example: (0) slowed
I.....0....(slow) the car as I saw the new house. I……1……. (pull) up into the driveway ……2……… (observe) the way they had ……. 3……(build) up the balcony. I ……..4……... (forgot) that the bricks of the house ……..5……chocolate brown. The new people…. 6……. (make) the tiny balcony into a study room. I........7…… (stare) at this house........ 8……… remember my childhood there.
Ans. 1. pulled, 2. observing, 3. had built, 4. had forgotten, 5. were, 6. had made, 7. stared, 8. remembering
(ii) Fill in each blank with appropriate words.
(a) Please wash…….the curry stain from your dress.
(b) She turned…………the offer to work at the factory.
(c). The burglars broke………….the house when the family was away.
(d) I shall compete …………………him.
(e) She agreed………………. my proposal.
(f) She would like to come……………..foot.
(g) The Vishwas group of companies has taken……………… the cosmetic market completely.
(h) He agreed to carry……………… the manager's orders.
Ans. a. off, b. down, c. into, d. with, e. to, f. on, g. over, h. out
(iii) Join the following sentences to make one complete sentence without using ‘and, but or so’. Choose the correct option.
1. The delegates arrived. The meeting started immediately.
(a) No sooner did the delegates arrive the meeting started.
(b) No sooner did the delegates arrive, the meeting started.
(c) No sooner the delegates arrived than the meeting started.
(d) The delegates arriving, the meeting started.
Ans. (None) No sooner did the delegates arrive than the meeting started.
Ans. (Or) Hardly had the delegates arrived when the meeting started.
Ans. (Or) Scarcely had the delegates arrived before the meeting started.
2. We lost our ticket. We lost our luggage.
(a) We lose our ticket as well as our luggage.
(b) Having lost our ticket we lost our luggage.
(c) We lost our ticket as well as our luggage.
(d) We lost our ticket and we lost our luggage.
Ans. (c) We lost our ticket as well as our luggage.
Ans. (c) We lost not only our ticket but also our luggage.
3. He cultivates orchids. He displays them at the flower show.
(a) He cultivates orchids to display at the flower show.
(b) He cultivates orchids for displayed at the flower show.
(c) He cultivates orchids to play with at the flower show.
(d) He cultivates orchids, but displays them only at the flower show.
Ans. (a) He cultivates orchids to display them at the flower show.
4. He ran away. He had seen the Principal coming.
(a) No sooner did he see the Principal coming, he ran away.
(b) He ran to see the Principal coming.
(c) By seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
(d) Seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (d) Seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (or) Having seen the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (or) On seeing the Principal coming, he ran away.
Ans. (or) No sooner did he see the Principal coming than he ran away.
Ans. (or) No sooner had he seen the Principal coming than he ran away.
(iv) Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each. Make other changes that may be necessary, but do not change the meaning of each sentence. Choose the correct options.
1. The captain said, "It gives me great pleasure to be here this evening."
(Begin: The captain...)
(a) The captain said that it was giving him great pleasure to be there that evening.
(b) The captain said that it gives me great pleasure to be there this evening.
(c) The captain said that it gave him great pleasure to be here this evening.
(d) The captain said that it gave him great pleasure to be there that evening.
Ans. (d) The captain said that it gave him great pleasure to be there that evening.
2. Unless the train arrives on time, we shall miss the concert. (Begin: If...)
(a) If the train arrives on time, we shall miss the concert.
(b) If the train does not arrive on time, we shall miss the concert.
(c) If the train arrived on time, we shall miss the concert.
(d) If the train does not arrive on time, we shall not miss the concert.
Ans. (b) If the train does not arrive on time, we shall miss the concert.
3. He has applied many times. He has never been selected. (Begin: In spite...)
(a) In spite of applying many times, he had never been selected.
(b) In spite applying many times, he has never been selected.
(c) In spite of applying many times, he has never been selected.
(d) In spite never being selected, he has applied many times.
Ans. (c) In spite of applying many times, he has never been selected.
4. Very few managers are as honest as James. (End: ...managers.)
(a) James is more honest than other managers.
(b) James is more honest than most other managers.
(c) James is honest than many other managers.
(d) James is most honest among other managers.
Ans. (b) James is more honest than most other managers.
5. I accept your offer. (Use: acceptable)
(a) Your offer is acceptable to me.
(b) Your offer was acceptable to me.
(c) Your offer is acceptable.
.
(d) Your acceptable offer came to me.
Ans. (a) Your offer is acceptable to me.
6. As soon as he finishes his work, he starts playing. (Begin: Hardly...)
(a) Hardly his work is finished, he starts playing.
(b) Hardly he finishes his work, he starts playing
(c) Hardly he has finished his work and he starts playing.
(d) Hardly does he finish his work, when he starts playing.
Ans. (d) Hardly does he finish his work, when he starts playing.
N.B. ‘Hardly……….when’ structure is normally used in past perfect tense.
7. My father gave me a pen. (Begin: A pen...)
a) A pen had been given to me by my father.
(b) A pen was given to me by my father.
(c) My father was gave me a pen.
(d) A pen was given by me to my father.
Ans. (b) A pen was given to me by my father.
Ans. (or) I was given a pen by my father.
8. I have never seen Mr. Joe lose his temper. (Begin: Never)
(a) Never I have seen Mr. Joe lose his temper.
(b) Never did I see Mr. Joe lose his temper.
(c) Never have I seen Mr. Joe losing his temper.
(d) Never ever did I see Mr. Joe lost his temper.
Ans. Never have I seen Mr. Joe lose his temper.
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