Black is black and it can't be white
time
Passive voice-Why weren't the letters delivered by the postman in time? Active voice-Why didn't the teacher correct the exam
papers in time
Passive voice-Why weren't the exam papers corrected by the teacher in time"
Active voice Why didn't you write a letter? Passive voice-Why wasn't a letter written by you?
Active voice-Who did pluck flowers? Passive voice-By whom were flowers plucked".
Or Who were flowers plucked by?
Active voice-Why did you ring the doorbell?
Passive voice-Why was the doorbell rung by you? Active voice-Why didn't Geeta wash her dresses?
Passive voice-Why weren't Gita's dresses washed by her?
Past continuous tense
Passive voice of [+] positive sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice- Subject+was/were+
ving object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice - Was/were+being+ Sentence structure in Passive voice-
SEO+was/were +being++by+0.F.S. Active voice-I was driving a bike
Passive voice-A bike was being driven by me
Active voice-We were watching a live cricket match.
Passive voice-A live cricket match was being watched by us..
Aive voice-You were blowing a whistle.
Passive voice-A whistle was being blown by you Active voice-Ram was drinking cold drink
Passive voice-Cold drink was being drunk by Ram
Active voice-Mamata was frying fishes Passive voice-Fishes were being fried by Mamata.
Active voice-He was smoking cigarettes
Passive voice-Cigarettes were being smoked by him. Active voice-They were creating disturbances.
Passive voice-Disturbances were being created by them.
Active voice - The boy was throwing a ball Passive voice-A ball was being thrown by the boy.
Active voice-Father was taking the matter seriously
Passive voice-The matter was being taken seriously by
father.
Active voice-Grandmother was singing film songs Passive voice-Film songs were being sung by
grandmother
Active voice - The maid was sweeping the rooms. Passive voice-The rooms were being swept by the maid Active veice - The people were praising the postal
employees
Passive voice-The postal employees were being praised by the people
Active voice-Tigers were killing deer in the jungle.
Passive voice-Deer were being killed by tigers in the jungle. Active voice-The British were treating us unfairly.
Passive voice-We were being treated unfairly by the British.
Active voice -The students were solving the papers carelessly. Passive voice-The papers were being solved by the students
carelessly Passive voice of 1-1 Negative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice - Subject+was/were+not+v(ing)+object.
.......
Blindness is a Naing where eyesight fans to peruse properly
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being t Sentence structure in Passive voice-
SEO bringth+0.E.S Active voice-The boy was not throwing a ball Passive voice-A ball was not being thrown by the boy
Active voice-Father was not taking the matter seriously
Passive voice-The matter was not being taken seriously father Active voice-Grandmother was not singing film songs
Passive voice-Film songs were not being sung by grandmother
Active voice-The maid was not sweeping the rooms Passive voice The rooms were not being swept by the maid Active voice-The people were not praising
employees
the postal
by the people postal employees were not being praised Active voice-Tigers were not killing deer in the zoos Passive voice-Deer were not being killed by tigers in the
Passive voice-The
200
Active voice-The British were not treating us fairly Passive voice-We were not being treated fairly by the British
Active voice-The students were not solving the papers carelessly
Passive voice-The papers were not being solved by the students carelesaty Active voice-Ram was not drinking cold drink
Passive voice-Cold drink was not being drunk by Ram. Active voice-Mamata was not frying fishes Passive voice-Fishes were not being fined by Mamata Passive voice of Verbal [?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice- Was
were subject+ting)+object? Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being
Sentence structure is Passive voice-
Was/were SEO being-y+by+O.EST Passive voice of 171 Interrugative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-
Was were subjecting object?
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being Sentence structure in Passive voice-
Was/were 5 FO brings thy+0.F.S
Active voice-Was I driving a bike?
Passive voice-Was a bike being driven by me?
Active voice-Were we watching a live cricket match? Passive voice-Was a live cricket match being watched by us?
Active Were you blowing a whistle Passive voice-Was a whistle being blown by you? Active voice-Was Ram drinking cold drink?
Passive voice-Was cold drink being drunk by Ram? Active voice-Was Mamats frying fishes? Passive voice-Were fishes being fried by Manata?
Active voice-Was he smoking cigarettes? Passive voice-Were cigarettes being smoked by him?)
Active voice-Were they creating disturbance?
Passive voce-Were disturbances being created by the Active voice-Was the bey throwing a ball
Passive voce-Was a bull being thrown by the boy? Active voice-Was father taking the manter seriously?
Passive voice-Was the matter being taken seriously by
.....Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder
frter?
grandmother singing film songs Passive voice film songs being ng by grandmother?
Passive voice of "Wwward (7) Intermgative satences
Scatence structure in Active vice-
Was were subjects(ngobject? Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being Setence structure in Passive voice-
Was were SRO being by OFST Active voice-Who was driving a bra?
Pivoce-By was a bike being drives?
Active a bike being driven by Where were we watching a live cricket match? Where was a live cricket match being
O Whe
by
Active voice-Why were you blowing a while?
Passive Why was a whistle being blown by you? Active voice When was Ram drinking cold drink?
Passive When was cold drink being drunk by Ram? Active voice-When was Mamata frying fishes? Passive velo When were fishes being fried by Mamata
Active voice-Why was he smoking cigaretes? Passive voice-Why were cigarettes being smoked by him?
Aptive
Where were they creating disturbances?
Passive voice-Where were disturbances being created by them?
Active Where was the boy throwing a ball? Passive Where was a hall being thrown by the bey? Active voice-Why wasn't father taking the matter
Passive Why wasn't the matter being taken
wly by father?
Adive When was grandmother singing film songs?
When we film songs being sung by grand-
Past perfect tens
Passive voice of [+] positive sentences Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject had
verb/object
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Had been y Sentence structure in Passive voice-
Active voice-We had handled the tion camily had been handed by
Passive -The
Active The police had recived bribe from the
Bribe had the police from
Active They had admed dela Debat had been
Active Shakespeare had pond 154 -154 had been composed by
Shakespeare
Adive voce
Had been sold by m
Altive Hat ded the ope Passive vou Had the opponents been defired by w
Autive vic Had the cock prepared saty meals Passive voice-Had tasty meals been prepared to the cook?
Passive voice of (-) Negative sentence:
......
Be thankful to what you have, not sad about what you
don't have
Sentence structure in Active voice- subject had+not+verb'+object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice- Had+not+been + Sentence structure in Passive voice- SEO had not been+y+by+0.F.S.
Active voice-I had not cleared his doubts
Passive voice-His doubts had not been cleared by me. Active voice-We had not learnt geometry well.
Passive voice-Geometry had not been learnt by us well.
Active voice- You had not guided the stranger safely
Passive voice-The stranger had not been guided by you
safely
Active voice-The professor had not conducted theseminar convincingly Passive voice-The seminar had not been conducted by the
professor convincingly.
Active voice-The king had not donated money generously. Passive voice-Money had not been donated by the king:
generously
Active voice - I had not teased the sleeping dog. Passive voice-The sleeping dog had not been teased by me Active voice-We had not handled the situation carelessly
Passive voice-The situation had not been handled by us
carelessly.
voice-The police had not received bribe from the Passive voice-Bribe had not been received by the police
Active convict
from the convict Active voice-The Indians had not admitted defeat until
freedom
Passive voice-Defeat had not been admitted by the Indians until freedom.
Active voice-Shakespeare had not composed more than 154
sonnets
Passive voice - More than 154 sonnets had not been compos ed by Shakespeare.
Passive voice of Verbal [?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice Subject+had+not+verb+object?
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Had+not+been +
Sentence structure in Passive voice- S.FO+ had+not+heen+y+by+O.FS?
Active voice-Had I told lies?
Passive voice-Had lies been told by me? Active voice-Had we defeated the opponents?
Passive voice-Had the opponents been defeated by us?
Active voice-Had the cook prepared tasty meals?
Passive voice-Had tasty meals been prepared by the cook Active voice-Had I cleared his doubts?
?
Passive voice-Had his doubts been cleared by me? Active voice-Had we learnt geometry well?-
Passive voice-Had Geometry been learnt by us well?
Active voice-Had you guided the stranger safely?
Passive voice-Had the stranger been guided by you safely Active voice-Hadn't the professor conducted the seminar convincingly?
Passive voice-Hadn't the seminar been conducted by the professor convincingly?
(11)
Active voice-Hadn't the king donated money generously? Passive voice-Hadn't money been donated by the king generously?
....Be thou familiar, but by no incans vulgar.
Active voice-Had teacher finished the course in time? Passive voice-Had the course been finished by teacher
time Actre voice-Had the servant cleaned the shelves?
in
Passive voice-Had the shelves been cleaned by the servants Passive vaice of 'Wh'[?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice- Wh-wurd had Subject+verb'+object?
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Had+been + s
Sentence structure in Passive voice-
"Wa'word had S.EO-been-y+by+O.ES
Active voice- Why hadn't the teacher finished the course in time?
Passive voice - Why hadn't the course been finished by the
teacher in time?
Active voice-Why hadn't the servant cleaned the shelves?
Passive voice-Why hadn't the shelves been cleaned by the servant?
Active voice-Who had told lies?
Passive voice-By whom had lies been told? Active voice-How had you defeated the opponents? Pasthe voice-How had the opponents been defeated by
you?
Active voice-Why hadn't the cook prepared tasty meals? Passive voice-Why hadn't tasty meals been prepared by the
cook Active voice-When had you cleared his doubts? Passive voice-When had his doubts been cleared by you? Active voice-Why hadn't they learnt Geometry well?
Passive voice- Why hadn't Geometry been learnt by them well Active voice-Why hadn't you guided the stranger safely?
Passive voice-Why hadn't the guide been guided by you
safch
Active voice-Why hadn't the professor conducted the
seminar convincingly?
Passive voice-Why hadn't the seminar been conducted by Active voice-Why hadn't the king donated money
the professor convincingly?
generously?
Passive voice-Why hadn't money been donated by the king
generously? Future simple tense;
Passive voice of [+] positive sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice - Subject+ shall/will+
verb'+object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Shall be/will be + W Sentence structure in Passive voice-S.EO+shall be/will
be+by+O.F.S Shall is used for-1 and we and "will" is used for others Active voice-I shall do a foreign job.
Passive voice-A foreign job will be done by me
Active voice-We shall correct our errors Passive voice-Our errors will be corrected by us
Active voice- You will pour water on the plant. Passive voice-Water will be poured on the plant by you.
Active voice-Saurabh will study Medical Science.
Passive voice-Medical Science will be studied by Saurabl Active voice-The saint will preach noble teachings
Passive voice-Noble teachings will be preached by the saint.
Active voice - The cobbler will sew the old shoes.
.......
Before you judge another, think of your own last mistake Passive voice-The used shoes will be sewed by the cobbler
Active voice-Farmers will reap ripe crops. Passive voice-Ripe crops will be reaped by farmers
Active voice-Players will play the match carefully.
Passive voice-The match will be played by players Active voice-Parents will guide their children
Passive voice-Children will be guided by parents Active voice-We shall obey the rules of the roads.
carefully
Passive voice-The rules of the roads will be obeyed by us
Active voice-The ministers will use power Passive voice-Power will be used by the ministers.
Active voice-The people will elect efficient leaders.
Passive voice - Efficient leaders will be elected by the people.
Passive voice of 1-1 Negative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject+ shall/ will+not+verb'+object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Shall/ will+not+ bety Sentence structure in Passive voice-
S.FO+shall/will+not+be+y+by+O.E.S Active voice-I shall not repeat this mistake again. Passive voice-This mistake will not be repeated by me
again.
Active voice - The cobbler will not sew the used shoes. Passive voice-The used shoes will not be sewed by the cobbler
Active voice- Farmers will not reap raw crops. Passive voice - Raw crops will not be reaped by farmers. Active voice-Players will not throw match carelessly.
Passive voice-Match will not be thrown by players careless-
Active voice-Parents will not misguide their children. Passive voice-Children will not be misguided by parents.
Active voice-I shall not disrespect my parents.
Passive voice-My parents will not be disrespected by me.
Active voice-We shall not disobey the rules of the roads.
Passive voice-The rules of the roads will not be disobeyed by us. Active voice-The Constitution will not encourage corruption.
Passive voice-Corruption will not be encouraged by the
Constitution.
Active voice -The ministers will not misuse power Passive voice-Power will not be misused by the ministers Active voice-The people will not elect dictators. Passive voice-Dictators will not be elected by the people. Passive voice of Verbal [?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice-
Shall/will+subject+verb'+object? Helping verbs in Passive voice- Shall/will+be+
Sentence structure in Passive voice-
Shall/will+S.F.O+bet+by+O.E.S? Active voice-Shall I disrespect my parents?
Passive voice - Will my parents be disrespected by me? Active voice-Shall we disobey the rules of the roads? Passive voice - Will the rules of the roads be disobeyed by us?
Active voice - Will the Constitution encourage corruption? Passive voice-Will corruption be encouraged by the Constitution? Active voice-Will the ministers misuse power?
Passive voice-Will power be misused by the ministers? Active voice-Will the cobbler sew the used shoes?
.....
Begin not with a programme, but with a deed.
Passive voice-Will the used shoes be sewed by the cobbler?
Active voice-Will farmers reap raw crops? Passive voice-Will raw crops be reaped by farmers?
Active voice-Will players throw match carelessly? Passive voice-Will match be thrown by players carclessly
?
Active voice-Will parents misguide their children? Passive voice-Will children be misguided by parents?
Active voice-Will the people elect dictators?
Passive voice-Will dictators be elected by the people? Active voice-Shall I repeat this mistake again? Passive voice-Will this mistake be repeated by me again?
Passive voice of 'Wh' [?] Interrogative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-"Wh'word+shall will subject+verb'+object? Helping verbs in Passive voice- Shall/will+be+y
Sentence structure in Passive voice- Wh'word+shall/will+S.EO+he ++by+O.ES
Active voice-Why will you disrespect my parents? Passive voice - Why will my parents be disrespected by you? Active voice-Why shall we disobey the rules of the roads? Passive voice - Why will the rules of the roads be disobeyed
by us?
Active voice-Why will the Constitution encourage corruption?
Passive voice- Why will corruption be encouraged by the Constitution?
Active voice-Why will the ministers misuse power? Passive voice- Why will power be misused by the ministers? Active voice-How will the cobbler sew the used shoes? Passive voice - How will the used shoes be sewed by the
cobbler? Active voice-Why will farmers reap raw crops? Passive voice-Why will raw crops will not be reaped by
farmers?
Active voice-How will players throw match carelessly? Pasarve voice-How will match be thrown by players carelessly?
Active voice-How will parents misguide their children?
Passive voice-How will children be misguided by
parents? Active voice-How will the people elect dictators? Passive voice-How will dictators be elected by the
people? Active voice-How shall I repeat this mistake again? Passive voice-How will this mistake be repeated by me
again? Future perfect tense Passive voice of [+] positive sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject+shall/
will-have-verb3+object. Helping verbs in Passive voice-
Shall/will+have+been+3
Sentence structure in Passive voice-S.FO+ shall
will have been+by+O.F.S. Active voice-1 shall have drafted a letter
Passive voice-A letter will have been drafted by me Active voice-We shall have sent the intimation
Passive voice-The intimation will have been sent by
us Active voice-You will have filled the basket. Passive voice-The basket will have been filled by you
Active voice-Rajiv will have typed the data.
.......
Beings are owners of their action, heirs of their action
Passive voice-The data will have been typed by Rajiv
Active voice-Sujata will have revised the lessons Passive voice-The lessons will have been revised by Sujata
Active voice- The paiters will have painted the
hoardings.
Passive voice-The hoardings will have been painted by
the painters Active voice-The writer will have completed the novel. Passive voice-The novel will have been completed by
the writer. Active voice-The producer will have released his new
movie. Passive voice-The new movie of the producer will have
been released by him.
Active voice-The magician will have started his show Passive voice-The show of the magician will have been
started by him.
Active voice-They will have withdrawn money from the bank Passive voice-Money will have been withdrawn from the
bank by them. Passive voice of 1-1 Negative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject+shall
will+not+have+verb3+object. Helping verbs in Passive voice- Shall/will+not+have+v3 Sentence structure in Passive voice-
S.FO+ shall will+not+have+heen+y+by+O.E.S. Active voice-The painters will not have painted the hoarding Passive voice-The hoardings will not have been painted by
the painters.
Active voice - The writer will not have completed the novel Passive voice-The novel will not have been completed by th
writer. Active voice - The producer will not have released his new
movie
Passive voice-The new movie of the producer will not have been released by him. Active voice- The magician will not have started his show,
Passive voice-The show of the magician will not have been
started by him
Active voice-They will not have withdrawn money from the bank Passive voice-Money will not have been withdrawn from
the bank by them. Active voice-1 shall not have drafted a letter
Passive voice-A letter will not have been drafted by me
Active voice-We shall not have sent the intimation Passive voice-The intimation will not have been sent by us
Active voice-You will not have filled the basket
Passive voice-The basket will not have been filled by you. Active voice-Rajiv will not have typed the data.
Passive voice-The data will not have been typed by Rajiv Active voice-Sujata will not have revised the lessons Passive voice-The lessons will not have been revised by
Sujata Passive voice of verbal [?] Interrogative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice- Sabject+shall
will+not+have+verb3+object. Helping verbs in Passive voice-Shall/willst have
Sentence structure in Passive voice-
......
Believe only half of what you see and nothing that you hear
S.FO-shall will not have been+by+0.F.S. Passive voice-Will your address have been forgotten by me? Active voice-Shall we have sold our property?
Passive voice-Will our property have been sold by us?
Active voice-Will the brokers luve made profit Passive voice-Will profit have been made by the brokers? Active voice-Will the snake have stung anyone"
Passive voice-Will anyone have been stung by the snake?
Active voice-Will the passengers have booked tickets? Passive voice-Will tickets have been booked by the
passengers?
Active voice. Will the painters have painted the hoardings?
Passive voice-Will the hoardings have been painted by the
painters?
Active voice-Will the writer have completed the novel? Passive voice-Will the novel have been completed by the
writer. Active voice-Will the producer have released his new
movie
Passive voice-Will the new movie of the producer have Active voice-Will the magician have started his show?
been released by him?
Passive voice-Will the show of the magician have be Active voice-Will they have withdrawn money from the
started by him
bank"
Passive voice - Will money have been withdrawn from the
bank by them?
When a verb has two objects, either of them can be S.F.O. The first object is called 1. Indirect object
(person/persons)
The second object is called-2. Direct object (thing/things)
Present simple tense Active voice-1+11 tell my friends the value of time.
(Two objects)
Passive voice-My friends are told by me the value of
time (First object]
Or. The value of time is told (10) my friends by me Active voice-1-1 I don't tell lies to my friends (Two objects)
[Second object]
Passive voice-My friends are not told lies by me. First object] Or. Lie is not told (to) my friends by me Active voice-Verbal (?) Do I tell lies to my friends?
Second object]
(Two objects)
Passive voice-Are my friends told lies by me? [First object] Or. Are lies told (to) my friends by me? [Second object] Active voice-Wh' [?] When do I tell lies to my friends?
(Two objects)
Passive voice - When are my friends told lies by me? Or When are lies told (to) my friends by me? Second object)
Past simple tense
Active voice-[+] Ram gave me a book yesterday.
(Two objects)
Passive voice- I was given a book by Ram yesterday [First object] Or.A book was given (to) me by Ram yesterday.
(Second object] Active voice-[-] Ram did not give me a book yesterday. (Two objects)
......
Better a near neighbour than a distant cousin.
Active voice-Shall I have forgotten your address? Passive voice-1 was not given a book by Ram yesterday ) me by Ram
[First object] Or, A book was not given (to yesterday. [Second object] Active voice-Verbal [7] Did Ram give me a book yesterday?
(Two objects)
Passive voice-Was I given a book by Ram yesterday (First object] Or, Was a book given (to) me by Ram yesterday? (Second object]
Active voice-Wh'1? When did Ram give me a book
yesterday? (Two objects) Passive voice-When was I given a book by Ram yesterday? a book given (to) me by Ram
First object] Or. When was [ yesterday" [Second object]
Future simple tense
Active voice-[+] Mr. Dash will teach us English Passive voice-We shall be taught English by Mr. Dash
(Two objects)
[First object)Or, English will be taught (to) us by Mr. Dash Active voice-1-J Mr. Dash will not teach us English
[Second object]
(Two objects)
Passive voice - We shall not be taught English by Mr. Dash. [First object] Or, English will not be taught (to) us by Mr.
Dash (Second object)
Active voice-Verbal [?] Will Mr. Dash teach us English?
(Two objects) Passive voice-Shall we be taught English by Mr. Dash? [First object] Or. Will English be taught (to) us by Mr. Dash
?
[Second object]
Active voice-Wh' [2] When will Mr. Dash teach us Passive voice- When shall we be taught English by Mr.
English? (Two objects)
Dash? [First object] Or, When will English be taught (to) us by Mr. Dash? [Second object] When the preposition has an object, the following rule is
used:
SEO HV + preposition+by+O.F.S Active voice-I listen to the teacher attentively.
Passive voice - The teacher is attentively listened to by me Active voice- We did not laugh at the poor.
Passive voice-The poor were not laughed at by us
Active voice-The govt provided the needy with the basic amenities:
Passive voice - The needy were provided with the basic
amenities by the govt.
When instead of "by other prepositions are used before
O.F.S
S.F.O+H.V+v3 other prepositions+O.F.S (a) Alarm, amaze, annoy, astonish, disappoint, displease, distress, puzzle, surprise, shock' take 'at' instead of "by
in passive voice-S.F.O+V3+at+ O.F.S. Active voice-The Taj Mchal's beauty amazes the visitors Passive voice-The visitors are amazed at the Taj Mehal's
beauty
Active voice-The negative attitudes of the students annoy
uc. Passive voice - I am annoyed at the negative attitudes of the
students
Active voice-India's defeat against Pakistan disappointed
......
Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow.
Passive voice-1 was disappointed at India's defeat against
Pakistan
Active voice-His strange behaviour shocked us.
Passive voice-We were slacked at his strange behaviour
(b) "Contain, interest' take 'in' instead of 'by' in Passive Voice.
S.FO H.V+13+in+O.ES
Active voice-This jar contains pickle.
Passive voice-Pickle is contained by this jar.
Active voice-Jazzy music does not interest me,
Passive voice- I am not interested in jazzy music. Active voice-His lecture interested me.
Passive voice-1 was interested in his lecture
(c) Know, indebt, oblige, owe take 'to' instead of 'by' in
passive voice. S.FO+H.V+v3+to+O.ES
Active voice-I know him very well Passive voice-He is known to me very well
Or Passive voice - He is very well known to me.
Active voice-Teachers oblige the students
Passive voice - Students are obliged to teachers. (d) Charm, dot, disgust, feed up, line, overgrow, overspread, please, satisfy, throng take 'with' instead of
'by' in passive voice. S.EO+H.V+v3+to+O.E.S
Active voice-The voice of Lata Mangeskar charms everyone. Passive voice - Everyone is charmed with the voice of Lata
Mangeskar
Active voice-The crops grow over the fields. Passive voice - The fields are overgrown with the crops.
Active voice-The stars spread over the sky.
Passive voice-The sky is overspread with the stars.
Active voice-So many people thronged the fashion show. Passive voice-The fashion show was thronged with so
many people.
In case of imperative sentences the following rules are
used.
1. Imperative with object
2. Imperative without object
1. Positive imperative with object
1. Let + object+be+v (by you).
2. You are + a suitable v3[or, asked]+ to + question.
2. Negative imperative without object
1. Let + object+not+be+v (by you). Or,
Let+not+ object+be+ (by you). 2. You are +a suitable v3jor, asked]+ not to question.
In imperative, the subject is always 'you'; so O.F.S is 'by you'. It may either be written or be omitted, as it is understood.
1. Positive imperative + object. Active voice- Open the door.
Passive voice-
[1] Let the door be opened (by you). [2] You are asked to open the door.
Active voice-Shut the windowpanes
Passive voice-[1] Let the windowpanes be shut (by you) [2] You are asked to shut the windowpanes
.....
Better an ugly face than an ugly mid
Active voice-Post the letter.
Passive voice-11] Let the letter be posted (by you)
121 You are asked to post the letter Pluck the flowers
Active voice-
Passive voice-11] Let the flowers be plucked (by you) [2] You are asked to pluck the flower
Active voice-Take it away from here. Passive voice-[1] Let it be taken away (by you) from here.
12) You are asked to take it away from here
Active voice-
Bring me the file. (Two objects) Passive voice-[1] Let me be brought the file (by you) Or. [1] Let the file be brought (by you) for me [2] You are asked to bring me the file
Active voice-Tell me the story again. (Two objects)
Or,
Passive voice-[1] Let me be told the story (by you) again. [1] Let the story be told (to) me (by you) [2] You are asked to tell me the story again
Active voice- Put the file in the shelf. Passive voice-[1] Let the file be put (by you) in the shelf
[2] You are asked to put the file in the shelf.
Active voice- Draw the picture at once. Passive voice-[1] Let the picture be drawn (by you) at once
[2] You are asked to draw the picture at once
Active voice-Speak the truth Passive voice-[1] Let the truth be spoken (by you)
[2] You are asked to speak the treth
Active voice Work out the sums Passive voice-[1] Let the sums be worked out.
[2] You are asked to work out the sums.
Active voice- Put the prisoners into the jail. Passive voice-11
] Let the prisoners be put into the jail [2] You are asked to put the prisoners into the jail
Active voice- Convey my regards to your parents Passive voice-[1] Let my regards be conveyed to your parents (by you).
[2] You are asked to convey my regards to your parents. Active voice- Send this message through post.
(by you).
Passive voice-[1] Let this message be sent through post [2] You are asked to send this message through post.
Active voice - Clean your hands well before meals Passive voice-[1] Let your hands be cleaned well (by you
before meals
)
[2] You are asked to clean your hands well before meals.
2. Negative imperative + object. Active voice-
Don't tell a lie.
Passive voice-[1] Let a lie not be told (by you). Or,
[1] Let not a lie be told (by you). [2] You are asked not to tell a lie.
Active voice- Don't wake a sleeping lion up.
Passive voice-11] Let a sleeping lion not be woken up
(by you). Or, [1] Let not a sleeping lion be woken up
(by you), [2] You are asked not to wake a
sleeping lion up.
Active voice- Don't dirty your dresses
.....
Better be alone than in bad company
Passive voice-111 Let your dresses not be dirtied (by you)
Or [1] Let not your dresses be dirtied (by you) [2] You are asked not to dirty your dresses.
Active voice- Don't bite your nais Passive voice-[1] Let your nails not be bitten (by you)
Or. 11 Let not your nails be bitten (by you [2] You are asked not to bite your nails
Active voice-Don't spread rumours. Passive voice-[1
] Let rumours not be spread (by you).. Or [1] Let not rumours be spread (by you) [2] You are asked not to spread rumours
Active voice- Don't insult the poor Passive voice-[1] Let the poor not be insulted (by you)
Active
Or. [1] Let not the poor be insulted (by you) (2) You are asked not to insult the poor voice-Don't touch that switch
Passive voice-[1] Let that switch not be touched (by you) Or, (1) Let not that switch be touched (by you) 12) You are asked not to touch that switch
Adive voice Passive voice-11] Let the answer not be copied
Don't coy the answer Or. Let not the answer be copied the you)
(2) You are asked not to coy the answer Don't extinguish the lamp
Active voice- Passive voice-[1] Let the lamp not be extinguished
(by you) Or [1] Let not the lamp be extinguished (by you)
[2] You are asked not to extinguish the lamp
Active voice- Don't disrespect the elders Passive
voice-11] Let the elders not be disrespected (by you)
O [1] Let not the elders be disrespected (by you [2] You are asked not to disrespect the
elders
Active vore Don't these other's things Passive voice-11 Let other's things not be thieved
(by you)
Or Let not other's things be thieved
12) You are asked me to the other's things hide your weaknesses
Active voice-Don't Passive voice-111
Let your weaknesses not be hidden Or [1] Let not your weaknesses be hidden (by your
121 You are asked not to hide your weaknesses
Active veice Don't lose your temper on inihing maner Passive volce-[1] Let your temper not be out on titing
matters O [1] Let not your temper be lost on milling
[2] You are asked not to love your temper en thing momers
When Lat is in the active voice
14 object he
Active voice
Let us play cricket now Pasove vol Let cricket be played now (by us).
.....
Bad news spreads fast
Active voice-Let me think it myself - Let it be thought by myself
Passive voice
Active voice- Let them do their job. Passive voice- Let their job be done by them. When 'S.FOfis/am/are+to+hery3+0.F.S' type is used.
Active voice-[+] 1 am to do this.
Passive voice-This is to be done by me.
Active voice-1-1 I am not to do this Passive voice-This is not to be done by me.
Active voice-17] Am I to do this?
Passive voice- Is this to be done by me? Active voice-1+] You are to do this
Passive voice- This is to be done by you.
Active voice-1-1 You are not to do this. Passive voice- This is not to be done by you.
Active voice-[]Are you to do this?
Passive voice- Is this to be done by you? When 'S.FO+ was/were+to+be+v3+O.ES' type is
used.
Active voice- [+] I was to do this. Passive voice-This was to be done by me.
Active voice-- I was not to do this.
Passive voice-This was not to be done by me. Active voice-[] Was I to do this?
Passive voice-Was this to be done by me?
Active voice [+]You were to do this. Passive voice- This was to be done by you.
Active voice-1-1You were not to do this.
Passive voice- This was not to be done by you
.
Active voice-Were you to do this?
Passive voice- Was this to be done by you?
When 'S.FO+have to/has to/had torshall/will have to the +13+0.F.S' type is used.
Active voice-[+] I have to do this.
Passive voice- This has to be done by me Active voice-1-1 I don't have to do this
Passive voice-This doesn't have to be done by me
Active voice- Do I have to do this? Passive voice-Does this have to be done by me?
Active voice- [+] You have to do this. Passive voice- This has to be done by you.
Active voice [-] You do't have to do this.
Passive voice- This does not have to be done by you
Active voice-1] Do you have to do this? Passive voice-Does this have to be done by you?
Active voice [+] They had to do this. Passive voice- This had to be done by them.
Active voice-1-1 They did not have to do this.
Passive voice-This did not have to be done by them. Active voice- 17) Did they have to do this? Passive voice-Did this have to be done by them?
Active voice- (+1 He will have to do this Passive volce-This will have to be done by him
Active voice-1-1 He will not have to do this. Passive voice-This will not have to be done by him
.
Active voice-171 Will he have to do this?
Passive voice-Will this have to be done by him?
Active voice-1+11 shall have to do this.
Passive voice-This will have to be done by
Active voice-1-11 shall not have to do this
(16)
me.
.....
But for the opportunity a Milton would remain blind and
mute
Passive voice-This will not have to be done by inc voice-[2] Shall I have to do this?
Active
Passive voice - Will this have to be done by me? (d) S.EO+H.V+V3+to+be+V3+by+O.ES.
Or. Subject+ object of the infinitive + to be + v3+by+
O.F.S
Active voice- I want to solve these sums.
Passive voice-These sums are wanted to be solved by me. Or. Passive voice -I want these sums to be solved by me. Active voice - He does not like to teach English. Passive voice - English is not liked to be taught by him.
Or, Passive voice -He does not like English to be taught by
him.
Active voice - I wish to devote my life in teaching Passive voice-My life is wished to be devoted in teaching by me. Or, Passive voice- I wish my life to be devoted in teaching
by me (e) S.F.O+H.V+V3+to+ V1.Or.Subject+ verb + object
of the infinitive + to be + indirect object.
Active voice-1 want you to solve these sums. Passive voice- You are wanted to solve these sums
Or Passive voice- I want these sums to be solved by you
Active voice - Teacher wanted the students to solve these Passive voice. The students were wanted to solve these sums
Or Passive voice- Teacher wanted these sums to be solved by the students.
Active voice-Parents want their wards to fetch glory in life. Passive voice- The wards are wanted to fetch glory in life Or. Passive voice- Parents want glory to be fetched by their
wards in life (0) Sub+v+ to have been + v3+by+O.ES Or, Sub + vl+that+S.F.O+ have/has/had + been+v3+
by+0.F.S
Active voice - He admits that they have supported him. Passive voice - He admits to have been supported by them.
Or, Passive voice - He admits that he has been supported by
them
Active voice - She complains that they have cheated her. Passive voice-She complains to have been cheated by them Or.
them.
Passive voice-She complains that she has been cheated by Active voice - I acknowledge that Chate Coaching Classes
has given me chances to flourish. Passive voice - I acknowledge to have been given chances by
Chate Coaching Classes to flourish.
Or, I acknowledge that I have been given chances by Chate Coaching Classes to flourish.
(g) (a) It is time+for+ object + to be + V3+by+O.F.S. (b) It is time + object + should+be+ V3+by+ O.F.S
Active voice - It is time you should solve all the sums. (a) Passive voice - It is time for all the sums to be solved by (b) Passive voice - It is time all the sums should be solved by
you
you. Active voice- It is time farmers should plough their lands. Passive voice - It is time for the lands to be ploughed by
farmers.
Passive voice - It is time the lands should be ploughed by
....
Better know nothing than half know many things.
farmers
Active voice-It is time players should practise more exercis
es.
Passive voice - It is time for more exercises to be practised by players.
Passive voice-It is time more exercises should be practiced
by players.
Whenever a universal truth or a habitual fact is express
ed in passive voice by O.F.S' is not necessary to use. Active voice- We get sugar from the sugarcane Passive voice-Sugar is got from the sugarcane
Active voice- We obtain salt from the seawater. Passive voice-Salt is obtained from the seawater. Active voice-Someone stole his cycle.
Passive voice - His cycle was stolen. Active voice-The pickpocket stole his purse.
Passive voice-His purse was stolen. Active voice-One should keep one's promises.
Passive voice-Promises should be kept.
Active voice - One should respect one's parents Passive voice-Parents should be respected
Active voice - People should obey the traffic rules
Passive voice-Traffic rules should be obeyed. Active voice - The Railway Department prohibits smoking
inside the train.
Passive voice-Smoking is prohibited inside the train. Or, Smoking inside the train is prohibited.
Active voice - No one can undo Nature's law. Passive voice- Nature's law cannot be undone Active voice- What we cannot cure we must endure Passive voice - What cannot be cured must be endured.
4. Change The Narration
(Reporting verb)
Direct speech-Ram says, "I play cricket" [Reporting verb part] [Reported speech part)
(R.V.P)
(R.S.P)
Indirect speech-Ram says that he plays cricket.
What is a speech?
Whatever is spoken is called a speech What is a report?
Conveying the statement or a narration of a happening to
another directly or indirectly What is a reported speech?
When the statement of a person is quoted and reported is
called a reported speech. What is a direct reported speech?
When the statement of a person is quoted and reported without changing the form of the sentence keeping them in
the inverted comas, it is called direct reported speech. What is an indirect reported speech?
When the statement of a person is reported by the speaker's
(reporter's) own words without quoting the exact words and the exact form removing the inverted commas keeping the meaning unchanged using a conjunction, putting a full stop at the end of it, it is called an indirect speech. But the conjunction changes according to the type of the
sentence.
In assertive sentence the conjunction is "that".In imperative sentence sometimes "that' is replaced by to/ not to.
In interrogative sentence: "that' is replaced by if whether for verbal
x
time
Passive voice-Why weren't the letters delivered by the postman in time? Active voice-Why didn't the teacher correct the exam
papers in time
Passive voice-Why weren't the exam papers corrected by the teacher in time"
Active voice Why didn't you write a letter? Passive voice-Why wasn't a letter written by you?
Active voice-Who did pluck flowers? Passive voice-By whom were flowers plucked".
Or Who were flowers plucked by?
Active voice-Why did you ring the doorbell?
Passive voice-Why was the doorbell rung by you? Active voice-Why didn't Geeta wash her dresses?
Passive voice-Why weren't Gita's dresses washed by her?
Past continuous tense
Passive voice of [+] positive sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice- Subject+was/were+
ving object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice - Was/were+being+ Sentence structure in Passive voice-
SEO+was/were +being++by+0.F.S. Active voice-I was driving a bike
Passive voice-A bike was being driven by me
Active voice-We were watching a live cricket match.
Passive voice-A live cricket match was being watched by us..
Aive voice-You were blowing a whistle.
Passive voice-A whistle was being blown by you Active voice-Ram was drinking cold drink
Passive voice-Cold drink was being drunk by Ram
Active voice-Mamata was frying fishes Passive voice-Fishes were being fried by Mamata.
Active voice-He was smoking cigarettes
Passive voice-Cigarettes were being smoked by him. Active voice-They were creating disturbances.
Passive voice-Disturbances were being created by them.
Active voice - The boy was throwing a ball Passive voice-A ball was being thrown by the boy.
Active voice-Father was taking the matter seriously
Passive voice-The matter was being taken seriously by
father.
Active voice-Grandmother was singing film songs Passive voice-Film songs were being sung by
grandmother
Active voice - The maid was sweeping the rooms. Passive voice-The rooms were being swept by the maid Active veice - The people were praising the postal
employees
Passive voice-The postal employees were being praised by the people
Active voice-Tigers were killing deer in the jungle.
Passive voice-Deer were being killed by tigers in the jungle. Active voice-The British were treating us unfairly.
Passive voice-We were being treated unfairly by the British.
Active voice -The students were solving the papers carelessly. Passive voice-The papers were being solved by the students
carelessly Passive voice of 1-1 Negative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice - Subject+was/were+not+v(ing)+object.
.......
Blindness is a Naing where eyesight fans to peruse properly
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being t Sentence structure in Passive voice-
SEO bringth+0.E.S Active voice-The boy was not throwing a ball Passive voice-A ball was not being thrown by the boy
Active voice-Father was not taking the matter seriously
Passive voice-The matter was not being taken seriously father Active voice-Grandmother was not singing film songs
Passive voice-Film songs were not being sung by grandmother
Active voice-The maid was not sweeping the rooms Passive voice The rooms were not being swept by the maid Active voice-The people were not praising
employees
the postal
by the people postal employees were not being praised Active voice-Tigers were not killing deer in the zoos Passive voice-Deer were not being killed by tigers in the
Passive voice-The
200
Active voice-The British were not treating us fairly Passive voice-We were not being treated fairly by the British
Active voice-The students were not solving the papers carelessly
Passive voice-The papers were not being solved by the students carelesaty Active voice-Ram was not drinking cold drink
Passive voice-Cold drink was not being drunk by Ram. Active voice-Mamata was not frying fishes Passive voice-Fishes were not being fined by Mamata Passive voice of Verbal [?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice- Was
were subject+ting)+object? Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being
Sentence structure is Passive voice-
Was/were SEO being-y+by+O.EST Passive voice of 171 Interrugative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-
Was were subjecting object?
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being Sentence structure in Passive voice-
Was/were 5 FO brings thy+0.F.S
Active voice-Was I driving a bike?
Passive voice-Was a bike being driven by me?
Active voice-Were we watching a live cricket match? Passive voice-Was a live cricket match being watched by us?
Active Were you blowing a whistle Passive voice-Was a whistle being blown by you? Active voice-Was Ram drinking cold drink?
Passive voice-Was cold drink being drunk by Ram? Active voice-Was Mamats frying fishes? Passive voice-Were fishes being fried by Manata?
Active voice-Was he smoking cigarettes? Passive voice-Were cigarettes being smoked by him?)
Active voice-Were they creating disturbance?
Passive voce-Were disturbances being created by the Active voice-Was the bey throwing a ball
Passive voce-Was a bull being thrown by the boy? Active voice-Was father taking the manter seriously?
Passive voice-Was the matter being taken seriously by
.....Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholder
frter?
grandmother singing film songs Passive voice film songs being ng by grandmother?
Passive voice of "Wwward (7) Intermgative satences
Scatence structure in Active vice-
Was were subjects(ngobject? Helping verbs in Passive voice-Was/were being Setence structure in Passive voice-
Was were SRO being by OFST Active voice-Who was driving a bra?
Pivoce-By was a bike being drives?
Active a bike being driven by Where were we watching a live cricket match? Where was a live cricket match being
O Whe
by
Active voice-Why were you blowing a while?
Passive Why was a whistle being blown by you? Active voice When was Ram drinking cold drink?
Passive When was cold drink being drunk by Ram? Active voice-When was Mamata frying fishes? Passive velo When were fishes being fried by Mamata
Active voice-Why was he smoking cigaretes? Passive voice-Why were cigarettes being smoked by him?
Aptive
Where were they creating disturbances?
Passive voice-Where were disturbances being created by them?
Active Where was the boy throwing a ball? Passive Where was a hall being thrown by the bey? Active voice-Why wasn't father taking the matter
Passive Why wasn't the matter being taken
wly by father?
Adive When was grandmother singing film songs?
When we film songs being sung by grand-
Past perfect tens
Passive voice of [+] positive sentences Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject had
verb/object
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Had been y Sentence structure in Passive voice-
Active voice-We had handled the tion camily had been handed by
Passive -The
Active The police had recived bribe from the
Bribe had the police from
Active They had admed dela Debat had been
Active Shakespeare had pond 154 -154 had been composed by
Shakespeare
Adive voce
Had been sold by m
Altive Hat ded the ope Passive vou Had the opponents been defired by w
Autive vic Had the cock prepared saty meals Passive voice-Had tasty meals been prepared to the cook?
Passive voice of (-) Negative sentence:
......
Be thankful to what you have, not sad about what you
don't have
Sentence structure in Active voice- subject had+not+verb'+object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice- Had+not+been + Sentence structure in Passive voice- SEO had not been+y+by+0.F.S.
Active voice-I had not cleared his doubts
Passive voice-His doubts had not been cleared by me. Active voice-We had not learnt geometry well.
Passive voice-Geometry had not been learnt by us well.
Active voice- You had not guided the stranger safely
Passive voice-The stranger had not been guided by you
safely
Active voice-The professor had not conducted theseminar convincingly Passive voice-The seminar had not been conducted by the
professor convincingly.
Active voice-The king had not donated money generously. Passive voice-Money had not been donated by the king:
generously
Active voice - I had not teased the sleeping dog. Passive voice-The sleeping dog had not been teased by me Active voice-We had not handled the situation carelessly
Passive voice-The situation had not been handled by us
carelessly.
voice-The police had not received bribe from the Passive voice-Bribe had not been received by the police
Active convict
from the convict Active voice-The Indians had not admitted defeat until
freedom
Passive voice-Defeat had not been admitted by the Indians until freedom.
Active voice-Shakespeare had not composed more than 154
sonnets
Passive voice - More than 154 sonnets had not been compos ed by Shakespeare.
Passive voice of Verbal [?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice Subject+had+not+verb+object?
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Had+not+been +
Sentence structure in Passive voice- S.FO+ had+not+heen+y+by+O.FS?
Active voice-Had I told lies?
Passive voice-Had lies been told by me? Active voice-Had we defeated the opponents?
Passive voice-Had the opponents been defeated by us?
Active voice-Had the cook prepared tasty meals?
Passive voice-Had tasty meals been prepared by the cook Active voice-Had I cleared his doubts?
?
Passive voice-Had his doubts been cleared by me? Active voice-Had we learnt geometry well?-
Passive voice-Had Geometry been learnt by us well?
Active voice-Had you guided the stranger safely?
Passive voice-Had the stranger been guided by you safely Active voice-Hadn't the professor conducted the seminar convincingly?
Passive voice-Hadn't the seminar been conducted by the professor convincingly?
(11)
Active voice-Hadn't the king donated money generously? Passive voice-Hadn't money been donated by the king generously?
....Be thou familiar, but by no incans vulgar.
Active voice-Had teacher finished the course in time? Passive voice-Had the course been finished by teacher
time Actre voice-Had the servant cleaned the shelves?
in
Passive voice-Had the shelves been cleaned by the servants Passive vaice of 'Wh'[?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice- Wh-wurd had Subject+verb'+object?
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Had+been + s
Sentence structure in Passive voice-
"Wa'word had S.EO-been-y+by+O.ES
Active voice- Why hadn't the teacher finished the course in time?
Passive voice - Why hadn't the course been finished by the
teacher in time?
Active voice-Why hadn't the servant cleaned the shelves?
Passive voice-Why hadn't the shelves been cleaned by the servant?
Active voice-Who had told lies?
Passive voice-By whom had lies been told? Active voice-How had you defeated the opponents? Pasthe voice-How had the opponents been defeated by
you?
Active voice-Why hadn't the cook prepared tasty meals? Passive voice-Why hadn't tasty meals been prepared by the
cook Active voice-When had you cleared his doubts? Passive voice-When had his doubts been cleared by you? Active voice-Why hadn't they learnt Geometry well?
Passive voice- Why hadn't Geometry been learnt by them well Active voice-Why hadn't you guided the stranger safely?
Passive voice-Why hadn't the guide been guided by you
safch
Active voice-Why hadn't the professor conducted the
seminar convincingly?
Passive voice-Why hadn't the seminar been conducted by Active voice-Why hadn't the king donated money
the professor convincingly?
generously?
Passive voice-Why hadn't money been donated by the king
generously? Future simple tense;
Passive voice of [+] positive sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice - Subject+ shall/will+
verb'+object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Shall be/will be + W Sentence structure in Passive voice-S.EO+shall be/will
be+by+O.F.S Shall is used for-1 and we and "will" is used for others Active voice-I shall do a foreign job.
Passive voice-A foreign job will be done by me
Active voice-We shall correct our errors Passive voice-Our errors will be corrected by us
Active voice- You will pour water on the plant. Passive voice-Water will be poured on the plant by you.
Active voice-Saurabh will study Medical Science.
Passive voice-Medical Science will be studied by Saurabl Active voice-The saint will preach noble teachings
Passive voice-Noble teachings will be preached by the saint.
Active voice - The cobbler will sew the old shoes.
.......
Before you judge another, think of your own last mistake Passive voice-The used shoes will be sewed by the cobbler
Active voice-Farmers will reap ripe crops. Passive voice-Ripe crops will be reaped by farmers
Active voice-Players will play the match carefully.
Passive voice-The match will be played by players Active voice-Parents will guide their children
Passive voice-Children will be guided by parents Active voice-We shall obey the rules of the roads.
carefully
Passive voice-The rules of the roads will be obeyed by us
Active voice-The ministers will use power Passive voice-Power will be used by the ministers.
Active voice-The people will elect efficient leaders.
Passive voice - Efficient leaders will be elected by the people.
Passive voice of 1-1 Negative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject+ shall/ will+not+verb'+object.
Helping verbs in Passive voice-Shall/ will+not+ bety Sentence structure in Passive voice-
S.FO+shall/will+not+be+y+by+O.E.S Active voice-I shall not repeat this mistake again. Passive voice-This mistake will not be repeated by me
again.
Active voice - The cobbler will not sew the used shoes. Passive voice-The used shoes will not be sewed by the cobbler
Active voice- Farmers will not reap raw crops. Passive voice - Raw crops will not be reaped by farmers. Active voice-Players will not throw match carelessly.
Passive voice-Match will not be thrown by players careless-
Active voice-Parents will not misguide their children. Passive voice-Children will not be misguided by parents.
Active voice-I shall not disrespect my parents.
Passive voice-My parents will not be disrespected by me.
Active voice-We shall not disobey the rules of the roads.
Passive voice-The rules of the roads will not be disobeyed by us. Active voice-The Constitution will not encourage corruption.
Passive voice-Corruption will not be encouraged by the
Constitution.
Active voice -The ministers will not misuse power Passive voice-Power will not be misused by the ministers Active voice-The people will not elect dictators. Passive voice-Dictators will not be elected by the people. Passive voice of Verbal [?] Interrogative sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice-
Shall/will+subject+verb'+object? Helping verbs in Passive voice- Shall/will+be+
Sentence structure in Passive voice-
Shall/will+S.F.O+bet+by+O.E.S? Active voice-Shall I disrespect my parents?
Passive voice - Will my parents be disrespected by me? Active voice-Shall we disobey the rules of the roads? Passive voice - Will the rules of the roads be disobeyed by us?
Active voice - Will the Constitution encourage corruption? Passive voice-Will corruption be encouraged by the Constitution? Active voice-Will the ministers misuse power?
Passive voice-Will power be misused by the ministers? Active voice-Will the cobbler sew the used shoes?
.....
Begin not with a programme, but with a deed.
Passive voice-Will the used shoes be sewed by the cobbler?
Active voice-Will farmers reap raw crops? Passive voice-Will raw crops be reaped by farmers?
Active voice-Will players throw match carelessly? Passive voice-Will match be thrown by players carclessly
?
Active voice-Will parents misguide their children? Passive voice-Will children be misguided by parents?
Active voice-Will the people elect dictators?
Passive voice-Will dictators be elected by the people? Active voice-Shall I repeat this mistake again? Passive voice-Will this mistake be repeated by me again?
Passive voice of 'Wh' [?] Interrogative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-"Wh'word+shall will subject+verb'+object? Helping verbs in Passive voice- Shall/will+be+y
Sentence structure in Passive voice- Wh'word+shall/will+S.EO+he ++by+O.ES
Active voice-Why will you disrespect my parents? Passive voice - Why will my parents be disrespected by you? Active voice-Why shall we disobey the rules of the roads? Passive voice - Why will the rules of the roads be disobeyed
by us?
Active voice-Why will the Constitution encourage corruption?
Passive voice- Why will corruption be encouraged by the Constitution?
Active voice-Why will the ministers misuse power? Passive voice- Why will power be misused by the ministers? Active voice-How will the cobbler sew the used shoes? Passive voice - How will the used shoes be sewed by the
cobbler? Active voice-Why will farmers reap raw crops? Passive voice-Why will raw crops will not be reaped by
farmers?
Active voice-How will players throw match carelessly? Pasarve voice-How will match be thrown by players carelessly?
Active voice-How will parents misguide their children?
Passive voice-How will children be misguided by
parents? Active voice-How will the people elect dictators? Passive voice-How will dictators be elected by the
people? Active voice-How shall I repeat this mistake again? Passive voice-How will this mistake be repeated by me
again? Future perfect tense Passive voice of [+] positive sentences:
Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject+shall/
will-have-verb3+object. Helping verbs in Passive voice-
Shall/will+have+been+3
Sentence structure in Passive voice-S.FO+ shall
will have been+by+O.F.S. Active voice-1 shall have drafted a letter
Passive voice-A letter will have been drafted by me Active voice-We shall have sent the intimation
Passive voice-The intimation will have been sent by
us Active voice-You will have filled the basket. Passive voice-The basket will have been filled by you
Active voice-Rajiv will have typed the data.
.......
Beings are owners of their action, heirs of their action
Passive voice-The data will have been typed by Rajiv
Active voice-Sujata will have revised the lessons Passive voice-The lessons will have been revised by Sujata
Active voice- The paiters will have painted the
hoardings.
Passive voice-The hoardings will have been painted by
the painters Active voice-The writer will have completed the novel. Passive voice-The novel will have been completed by
the writer. Active voice-The producer will have released his new
movie. Passive voice-The new movie of the producer will have
been released by him.
Active voice-The magician will have started his show Passive voice-The show of the magician will have been
started by him.
Active voice-They will have withdrawn money from the bank Passive voice-Money will have been withdrawn from the
bank by them. Passive voice of 1-1 Negative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice-Subject+shall
will+not+have+verb3+object. Helping verbs in Passive voice- Shall/will+not+have+v3 Sentence structure in Passive voice-
S.FO+ shall will+not+have+heen+y+by+O.E.S. Active voice-The painters will not have painted the hoarding Passive voice-The hoardings will not have been painted by
the painters.
Active voice - The writer will not have completed the novel Passive voice-The novel will not have been completed by th
writer. Active voice - The producer will not have released his new
movie
Passive voice-The new movie of the producer will not have been released by him. Active voice- The magician will not have started his show,
Passive voice-The show of the magician will not have been
started by him
Active voice-They will not have withdrawn money from the bank Passive voice-Money will not have been withdrawn from
the bank by them. Active voice-1 shall not have drafted a letter
Passive voice-A letter will not have been drafted by me
Active voice-We shall not have sent the intimation Passive voice-The intimation will not have been sent by us
Active voice-You will not have filled the basket
Passive voice-The basket will not have been filled by you. Active voice-Rajiv will not have typed the data.
Passive voice-The data will not have been typed by Rajiv Active voice-Sujata will not have revised the lessons Passive voice-The lessons will not have been revised by
Sujata Passive voice of verbal [?] Interrogative sentences: Sentence structure in Active voice- Sabject+shall
will+not+have+verb3+object. Helping verbs in Passive voice-Shall/willst have
Sentence structure in Passive voice-
......
Believe only half of what you see and nothing that you hear
S.FO-shall will not have been+by+0.F.S. Passive voice-Will your address have been forgotten by me? Active voice-Shall we have sold our property?
Passive voice-Will our property have been sold by us?
Active voice-Will the brokers luve made profit Passive voice-Will profit have been made by the brokers? Active voice-Will the snake have stung anyone"
Passive voice-Will anyone have been stung by the snake?
Active voice-Will the passengers have booked tickets? Passive voice-Will tickets have been booked by the
passengers?
Active voice. Will the painters have painted the hoardings?
Passive voice-Will the hoardings have been painted by the
painters?
Active voice-Will the writer have completed the novel? Passive voice-Will the novel have been completed by the
writer. Active voice-Will the producer have released his new
movie
Passive voice-Will the new movie of the producer have Active voice-Will the magician have started his show?
been released by him?
Passive voice-Will the show of the magician have be Active voice-Will they have withdrawn money from the
started by him
bank"
Passive voice - Will money have been withdrawn from the
bank by them?
When a verb has two objects, either of them can be S.F.O. The first object is called 1. Indirect object
(person/persons)
The second object is called-2. Direct object (thing/things)
Present simple tense Active voice-1+11 tell my friends the value of time.
(Two objects)
Passive voice-My friends are told by me the value of
time (First object]
Or. The value of time is told (10) my friends by me Active voice-1-1 I don't tell lies to my friends (Two objects)
[Second object]
Passive voice-My friends are not told lies by me. First object] Or. Lie is not told (to) my friends by me Active voice-Verbal (?) Do I tell lies to my friends?
Second object]
(Two objects)
Passive voice-Are my friends told lies by me? [First object] Or. Are lies told (to) my friends by me? [Second object] Active voice-Wh' [?] When do I tell lies to my friends?
(Two objects)
Passive voice - When are my friends told lies by me? Or When are lies told (to) my friends by me? Second object)
Past simple tense
Active voice-[+] Ram gave me a book yesterday.
(Two objects)
Passive voice- I was given a book by Ram yesterday [First object] Or.A book was given (to) me by Ram yesterday.
(Second object] Active voice-[-] Ram did not give me a book yesterday. (Two objects)
......
Better a near neighbour than a distant cousin.
Active voice-Shall I have forgotten your address? Passive voice-1 was not given a book by Ram yesterday ) me by Ram
[First object] Or, A book was not given (to yesterday. [Second object] Active voice-Verbal [7] Did Ram give me a book yesterday?
(Two objects)
Passive voice-Was I given a book by Ram yesterday (First object] Or, Was a book given (to) me by Ram yesterday? (Second object]
Active voice-Wh'1? When did Ram give me a book
yesterday? (Two objects) Passive voice-When was I given a book by Ram yesterday? a book given (to) me by Ram
First object] Or. When was [ yesterday" [Second object]
Future simple tense
Active voice-[+] Mr. Dash will teach us English Passive voice-We shall be taught English by Mr. Dash
(Two objects)
[First object)Or, English will be taught (to) us by Mr. Dash Active voice-1-J Mr. Dash will not teach us English
[Second object]
(Two objects)
Passive voice - We shall not be taught English by Mr. Dash. [First object] Or, English will not be taught (to) us by Mr.
Dash (Second object)
Active voice-Verbal [?] Will Mr. Dash teach us English?
(Two objects) Passive voice-Shall we be taught English by Mr. Dash? [First object] Or. Will English be taught (to) us by Mr. Dash
?
[Second object]
Active voice-Wh' [2] When will Mr. Dash teach us Passive voice- When shall we be taught English by Mr.
English? (Two objects)
Dash? [First object] Or, When will English be taught (to) us by Mr. Dash? [Second object] When the preposition has an object, the following rule is
used:
SEO HV + preposition+by+O.F.S Active voice-I listen to the teacher attentively.
Passive voice - The teacher is attentively listened to by me Active voice- We did not laugh at the poor.
Passive voice-The poor were not laughed at by us
Active voice-The govt provided the needy with the basic amenities:
Passive voice - The needy were provided with the basic
amenities by the govt.
When instead of "by other prepositions are used before
O.F.S
S.F.O+H.V+v3 other prepositions+O.F.S (a) Alarm, amaze, annoy, astonish, disappoint, displease, distress, puzzle, surprise, shock' take 'at' instead of "by
in passive voice-S.F.O+V3+at+ O.F.S. Active voice-The Taj Mchal's beauty amazes the visitors Passive voice-The visitors are amazed at the Taj Mehal's
beauty
Active voice-The negative attitudes of the students annoy
uc. Passive voice - I am annoyed at the negative attitudes of the
students
Active voice-India's defeat against Pakistan disappointed
......
Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow.
Passive voice-1 was disappointed at India's defeat against
Pakistan
Active voice-His strange behaviour shocked us.
Passive voice-We were slacked at his strange behaviour
(b) "Contain, interest' take 'in' instead of 'by' in Passive Voice.
S.FO H.V+13+in+O.ES
Active voice-This jar contains pickle.
Passive voice-Pickle is contained by this jar.
Active voice-Jazzy music does not interest me,
Passive voice- I am not interested in jazzy music. Active voice-His lecture interested me.
Passive voice-1 was interested in his lecture
(c) Know, indebt, oblige, owe take 'to' instead of 'by' in
passive voice. S.FO+H.V+v3+to+O.ES
Active voice-I know him very well Passive voice-He is known to me very well
Or Passive voice - He is very well known to me.
Active voice-Teachers oblige the students
Passive voice - Students are obliged to teachers. (d) Charm, dot, disgust, feed up, line, overgrow, overspread, please, satisfy, throng take 'with' instead of
'by' in passive voice. S.EO+H.V+v3+to+O.E.S
Active voice-The voice of Lata Mangeskar charms everyone. Passive voice - Everyone is charmed with the voice of Lata
Mangeskar
Active voice-The crops grow over the fields. Passive voice - The fields are overgrown with the crops.
Active voice-The stars spread over the sky.
Passive voice-The sky is overspread with the stars.
Active voice-So many people thronged the fashion show. Passive voice-The fashion show was thronged with so
many people.
In case of imperative sentences the following rules are
used.
1. Imperative with object
2. Imperative without object
1. Positive imperative with object
1. Let + object+be+v (by you).
2. You are + a suitable v3[or, asked]+ to + question.
2. Negative imperative without object
1. Let + object+not+be+v (by you). Or,
Let+not+ object+be+ (by you). 2. You are +a suitable v3jor, asked]+ not to question.
In imperative, the subject is always 'you'; so O.F.S is 'by you'. It may either be written or be omitted, as it is understood.
1. Positive imperative + object. Active voice- Open the door.
Passive voice-
[1] Let the door be opened (by you). [2] You are asked to open the door.
Active voice-Shut the windowpanes
Passive voice-[1] Let the windowpanes be shut (by you) [2] You are asked to shut the windowpanes
.....
Better an ugly face than an ugly mid
Active voice-Post the letter.
Passive voice-11] Let the letter be posted (by you)
121 You are asked to post the letter Pluck the flowers
Active voice-
Passive voice-11] Let the flowers be plucked (by you) [2] You are asked to pluck the flower
Active voice-Take it away from here. Passive voice-[1] Let it be taken away (by you) from here.
12) You are asked to take it away from here
Active voice-
Bring me the file. (Two objects) Passive voice-[1] Let me be brought the file (by you) Or. [1] Let the file be brought (by you) for me [2] You are asked to bring me the file
Active voice-Tell me the story again. (Two objects)
Or,
Passive voice-[1] Let me be told the story (by you) again. [1] Let the story be told (to) me (by you) [2] You are asked to tell me the story again
Active voice- Put the file in the shelf. Passive voice-[1] Let the file be put (by you) in the shelf
[2] You are asked to put the file in the shelf.
Active voice- Draw the picture at once. Passive voice-[1] Let the picture be drawn (by you) at once
[2] You are asked to draw the picture at once
Active voice-Speak the truth Passive voice-[1] Let the truth be spoken (by you)
[2] You are asked to speak the treth
Active voice Work out the sums Passive voice-[1] Let the sums be worked out.
[2] You are asked to work out the sums.
Active voice- Put the prisoners into the jail. Passive voice-11
] Let the prisoners be put into the jail [2] You are asked to put the prisoners into the jail
Active voice- Convey my regards to your parents Passive voice-[1] Let my regards be conveyed to your parents (by you).
[2] You are asked to convey my regards to your parents. Active voice- Send this message through post.
(by you).
Passive voice-[1] Let this message be sent through post [2] You are asked to send this message through post.
Active voice - Clean your hands well before meals Passive voice-[1] Let your hands be cleaned well (by you
before meals
)
[2] You are asked to clean your hands well before meals.
2. Negative imperative + object. Active voice-
Don't tell a lie.
Passive voice-[1] Let a lie not be told (by you). Or,
[1] Let not a lie be told (by you). [2] You are asked not to tell a lie.
Active voice- Don't wake a sleeping lion up.
Passive voice-11] Let a sleeping lion not be woken up
(by you). Or, [1] Let not a sleeping lion be woken up
(by you), [2] You are asked not to wake a
sleeping lion up.
Active voice- Don't dirty your dresses
.....
Better be alone than in bad company
Passive voice-111 Let your dresses not be dirtied (by you)
Or [1] Let not your dresses be dirtied (by you) [2] You are asked not to dirty your dresses.
Active voice- Don't bite your nais Passive voice-[1] Let your nails not be bitten (by you)
Or. 11 Let not your nails be bitten (by you [2] You are asked not to bite your nails
Active voice-Don't spread rumours. Passive voice-[1
] Let rumours not be spread (by you).. Or [1] Let not rumours be spread (by you) [2] You are asked not to spread rumours
Active voice- Don't insult the poor Passive voice-[1] Let the poor not be insulted (by you)
Active
Or. [1] Let not the poor be insulted (by you) (2) You are asked not to insult the poor voice-Don't touch that switch
Passive voice-[1] Let that switch not be touched (by you) Or, (1) Let not that switch be touched (by you) 12) You are asked not to touch that switch
Adive voice Passive voice-11] Let the answer not be copied
Don't coy the answer Or. Let not the answer be copied the you)
(2) You are asked not to coy the answer Don't extinguish the lamp
Active voice- Passive voice-[1] Let the lamp not be extinguished
(by you) Or [1] Let not the lamp be extinguished (by you)
[2] You are asked not to extinguish the lamp
Active voice- Don't disrespect the elders Passive
voice-11] Let the elders not be disrespected (by you)
O [1] Let not the elders be disrespected (by you [2] You are asked not to disrespect the
elders
Active vore Don't these other's things Passive voice-11 Let other's things not be thieved
(by you)
Or Let not other's things be thieved
12) You are asked me to the other's things hide your weaknesses
Active voice-Don't Passive voice-111
Let your weaknesses not be hidden Or [1] Let not your weaknesses be hidden (by your
121 You are asked not to hide your weaknesses
Active veice Don't lose your temper on inihing maner Passive volce-[1] Let your temper not be out on titing
matters O [1] Let not your temper be lost on milling
[2] You are asked not to love your temper en thing momers
When Lat is in the active voice
14 object he
Active voice
Let us play cricket now Pasove vol Let cricket be played now (by us).
.....
Bad news spreads fast
Active voice-Let me think it myself - Let it be thought by myself
Passive voice
Active voice- Let them do their job. Passive voice- Let their job be done by them. When 'S.FOfis/am/are+to+hery3+0.F.S' type is used.
Active voice-[+] 1 am to do this.
Passive voice-This is to be done by me.
Active voice-1-1 I am not to do this Passive voice-This is not to be done by me.
Active voice-17] Am I to do this?
Passive voice- Is this to be done by me? Active voice-1+] You are to do this
Passive voice- This is to be done by you.
Active voice-1-1 You are not to do this. Passive voice- This is not to be done by you.
Active voice-[]Are you to do this?
Passive voice- Is this to be done by you? When 'S.FO+ was/were+to+be+v3+O.ES' type is
used.
Active voice- [+] I was to do this. Passive voice-This was to be done by me.
Active voice-- I was not to do this.
Passive voice-This was not to be done by me. Active voice-[] Was I to do this?
Passive voice-Was this to be done by me?
Active voice [+]You were to do this. Passive voice- This was to be done by you.
Active voice-1-1You were not to do this.
Passive voice- This was not to be done by you
.
Active voice-Were you to do this?
Passive voice- Was this to be done by you?
When 'S.FO+have to/has to/had torshall/will have to the +13+0.F.S' type is used.
Active voice-[+] I have to do this.
Passive voice- This has to be done by me Active voice-1-1 I don't have to do this
Passive voice-This doesn't have to be done by me
Active voice- Do I have to do this? Passive voice-Does this have to be done by me?
Active voice- [+] You have to do this. Passive voice- This has to be done by you.
Active voice [-] You do't have to do this.
Passive voice- This does not have to be done by you
Active voice-1] Do you have to do this? Passive voice-Does this have to be done by you?
Active voice [+] They had to do this. Passive voice- This had to be done by them.
Active voice-1-1 They did not have to do this.
Passive voice-This did not have to be done by them. Active voice- 17) Did they have to do this? Passive voice-Did this have to be done by them?
Active voice- (+1 He will have to do this Passive volce-This will have to be done by him
Active voice-1-1 He will not have to do this. Passive voice-This will not have to be done by him
.
Active voice-171 Will he have to do this?
Passive voice-Will this have to be done by him?
Active voice-1+11 shall have to do this.
Passive voice-This will have to be done by
Active voice-1-11 shall not have to do this
(16)
me.
.....
But for the opportunity a Milton would remain blind and
mute
Passive voice-This will not have to be done by inc voice-[2] Shall I have to do this?
Active
Passive voice - Will this have to be done by me? (d) S.EO+H.V+V3+to+be+V3+by+O.ES.
Or. Subject+ object of the infinitive + to be + v3+by+
O.F.S
Active voice- I want to solve these sums.
Passive voice-These sums are wanted to be solved by me. Or. Passive voice -I want these sums to be solved by me. Active voice - He does not like to teach English. Passive voice - English is not liked to be taught by him.
Or, Passive voice -He does not like English to be taught by
him.
Active voice - I wish to devote my life in teaching Passive voice-My life is wished to be devoted in teaching by me. Or, Passive voice- I wish my life to be devoted in teaching
by me (e) S.F.O+H.V+V3+to+ V1.Or.Subject+ verb + object
of the infinitive + to be + indirect object.
Active voice-1 want you to solve these sums. Passive voice- You are wanted to solve these sums
Or Passive voice- I want these sums to be solved by you
Active voice - Teacher wanted the students to solve these Passive voice. The students were wanted to solve these sums
Or Passive voice- Teacher wanted these sums to be solved by the students.
Active voice-Parents want their wards to fetch glory in life. Passive voice- The wards are wanted to fetch glory in life Or. Passive voice- Parents want glory to be fetched by their
wards in life (0) Sub+v+ to have been + v3+by+O.ES Or, Sub + vl+that+S.F.O+ have/has/had + been+v3+
by+0.F.S
Active voice - He admits that they have supported him. Passive voice - He admits to have been supported by them.
Or, Passive voice - He admits that he has been supported by
them
Active voice - She complains that they have cheated her. Passive voice-She complains to have been cheated by them Or.
them.
Passive voice-She complains that she has been cheated by Active voice - I acknowledge that Chate Coaching Classes
has given me chances to flourish. Passive voice - I acknowledge to have been given chances by
Chate Coaching Classes to flourish.
Or, I acknowledge that I have been given chances by Chate Coaching Classes to flourish.
(g) (a) It is time+for+ object + to be + V3+by+O.F.S. (b) It is time + object + should+be+ V3+by+ O.F.S
Active voice - It is time you should solve all the sums. (a) Passive voice - It is time for all the sums to be solved by (b) Passive voice - It is time all the sums should be solved by
you
you. Active voice- It is time farmers should plough their lands. Passive voice - It is time for the lands to be ploughed by
farmers.
Passive voice - It is time the lands should be ploughed by
....
Better know nothing than half know many things.
farmers
Active voice-It is time players should practise more exercis
es.
Passive voice - It is time for more exercises to be practised by players.
Passive voice-It is time more exercises should be practiced
by players.
Whenever a universal truth or a habitual fact is express
ed in passive voice by O.F.S' is not necessary to use. Active voice- We get sugar from the sugarcane Passive voice-Sugar is got from the sugarcane
Active voice- We obtain salt from the seawater. Passive voice-Salt is obtained from the seawater. Active voice-Someone stole his cycle.
Passive voice - His cycle was stolen. Active voice-The pickpocket stole his purse.
Passive voice-His purse was stolen. Active voice-One should keep one's promises.
Passive voice-Promises should be kept.
Active voice - One should respect one's parents Passive voice-Parents should be respected
Active voice - People should obey the traffic rules
Passive voice-Traffic rules should be obeyed. Active voice - The Railway Department prohibits smoking
inside the train.
Passive voice-Smoking is prohibited inside the train. Or, Smoking inside the train is prohibited.
Active voice - No one can undo Nature's law. Passive voice- Nature's law cannot be undone Active voice- What we cannot cure we must endure Passive voice - What cannot be cured must be endured.
4. Change The Narration
(Reporting verb)
Direct speech-Ram says, "I play cricket" [Reporting verb part] [Reported speech part)
(R.V.P)
(R.S.P)
Indirect speech-Ram says that he plays cricket.
What is a speech?
Whatever is spoken is called a speech What is a report?
Conveying the statement or a narration of a happening to
another directly or indirectly What is a reported speech?
When the statement of a person is quoted and reported is
called a reported speech. What is a direct reported speech?
When the statement of a person is quoted and reported without changing the form of the sentence keeping them in
the inverted comas, it is called direct reported speech. What is an indirect reported speech?
When the statement of a person is reported by the speaker's
(reporter's) own words without quoting the exact words and the exact form removing the inverted commas keeping the meaning unchanged using a conjunction, putting a full stop at the end of it, it is called an indirect speech. But the conjunction changes according to the type of the
sentence.
In assertive sentence the conjunction is "that".In imperative sentence sometimes "that' is replaced by to/ not to.
In interrogative sentence: "that' is replaced by if whether for verbal
x
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